Biology: How Life Works
Biology: How Life Works
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9781319017637
Author: James Morris, Daniel Hartl, Andrew Knoll, Melissa Michael, Robert Lue, Andrew Berry, Andrew Biewener, Brian Farrell, N. Michele Holbrook
Publisher: Macmillan Higher Education
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Chapter 5.5, Problem 13SAQ
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Mitochondria is a membrane-bound organelle present in most of the eukaryotic cells. They play an important role in the functioning of the cell. The mitochondrion is referred to as the powerhouse of the cell as they generate energy for the cells to carry out all other cellular activities. It is a rod-shaped organelle which possesses an outer membrane and an inner membrane which is highly convoluted. The folds of the inner membrane projects into the interior of the mitochondria.

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Mitochondria provide energy to the cell by converting the chemical compounds such as sugars into ATP (adenosine triphosphate). The ATP serves as universal energy currency of the cell. It helps to drive many chemical reactions in the cell. The mitochondrion is a semi-autonomous organelle. It can grow and multiply independently as it possesses its own circular genomes. The mitochondria are present in almost all eukaryotic cells. Thus, the mitochondria are found to be present in both plant cells as well as animal cells.

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