Human Biology: Concepts and Current Issues, Books a la Carte Edition; Modified Mastering Biology with Pearson eText -- ValuePack Access Card -- for ... Concepts and Current Issues (8th Edition)
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780134577784
Author: Michael D. Johnson
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 6, Problem 1AWK
Summary Introduction
To review:
The role of calcium ions present in the sarcoplasmic reticulum, in the contraction of muscles.
Introduction
Sarcoplasmic reticulum is the endoplasmic reticulum of muscles. It is almost similar to the endoplasmic reticulum except for its shape. Its main function is to store calcium. The major function of muscles is to contract in response to signal they receive from motor neurons.
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If a muscle cell’s sarcoplasmic reticulum had little to no Ca2+, could the muscle cell still produce an electrical impulse, and would the muscle cell still contract? Explain.
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If you introduced a chemical into a muscle fiber that blocked the voltage-gated calcium channels in the sarcoplasmic reticulum, what effect if any, would this have on the contraction of that muscle fiber?
Chapter 6 Solutions
Human Biology: Concepts and Current Issues, Books a la Carte Edition; Modified Mastering Biology with Pearson eText -- ValuePack Access Card -- for ... Concepts and Current Issues (8th Edition)
Ch. 6 -
1. Do you think we should continue to try to...Ch. 6 - Prob. 2QCCh. 6 - Describe how muscle contraction can resist...Ch. 6 - Describe how a muscle's origin and insertion...Ch. 6 - Describe the roles of calcium in muscle...Ch. 6 -
4. Explain what causes rigor mortis.
Ch. 6 - Prob. 5CRCh. 6 - Prob. 6CRCh. 6 - Prob. 7CRCh. 6 -
8. Compare and contrast how a constant degree of...
Ch. 6 - Prob. 9CRCh. 6 - Prob. 10CRCh. 6 - Prob. 1TYCh. 6 -
2. Which of the following choices arranges the...Ch. 6 - All of the following are functions of the muscular...Ch. 6 -
4. Which of the following happens during muscle...Ch. 6 -
5. Botulism toxin inhibits the release of...Ch. 6 - The sliding filament mechanism describes the...Ch. 6 -
7. What is the first and most direct energy...Ch. 6 - As you clasp your hands in front of you and push...Ch. 6 -
9. All of the following may happen in response to...Ch. 6 - Which of the following is/are characteristic of...Ch. 6 - Which of the following is the site of calcium ion...Ch. 6 - What is the role of ATP in muscle function? a. ATP...Ch. 6 -
13. Which of the following would have motor units...Ch. 6 - Which type(s) of muscle cells can contract the...Ch. 6 - Prob. 15TYCh. 6 - Prob. 1AWKCh. 6 - Why do you think it is generally accepted medical...Ch. 6 - Prob. 3AWKCh. 6 - What would happen to a muscle if one of its...Ch. 6 - Prob. 5AWKCh. 6 - Prob. 6AWKCh. 6 - Prob. 7AWKCh. 6 - Prob. 8AWK
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- What is the function of the sarcoplasmic reticulum in muscle cell contraction?arrow_forwardExplain why (a) calcium ions and (b) ACh are vital for muscle contraction.arrow_forwardWhich component is responsible for initially stimulating a muscle contraction? a. proteins b. electrochemical signals c. plasma membranes d. striationsarrow_forward
- The _____ is the basic unit of muscle contraction. a. myofibril b. sarcomere c. muscle fiber d. myosin filamentarrow_forwardHow does a muscle fiber incur an oxygen debt?arrow_forwardFigure 38.37 Which of the following statements about muscle contraction is true? The power stroke occurs when ATP is hydrolyzed to ADP and phosphate. The power stroke occurs when ADP and phosphate dissociate from the myosin head. The power stroke occurs when ADP and phosphate dissociate from the actin active site. The power stroke occurs when Ca2+ binds the calcium head.arrow_forward
- Which region or organelle—cytosol, mitochondrion, or SR—contains the highest concentration of calcium ions in a resting muscle fiber? Which structure provides the ATP needed for muscle activity?arrow_forwardA skeletal muscle can be stimulated, under laboratory conditions, with a supramaximal stimulus. Is it possible for the muscle to respond with a supramaximal contraction? Explainarrow_forwardUnlike skeletal muscle smooth muscle Mayer spontaneously contract when it is. What feature of smooth muscle allows it to stretch without immediately resulting in a strong contraction?arrow_forward
- In the sliding filament theory of contraction, what prevents the filaments from sliding back to their original positions each time a myosin head releases to bind to next actin binding site?arrow_forwardWhy will an increase in the strength of a stimulus cause an increase in the force of contraction in a whole muscle but not in a single muscle fiber?arrow_forwardWhich statement about striated skeletal muscle is true? A. The tension generated by a muscle is invariable. B. Mechanical summation of twitches in a muscle fiber leads to a graded increase in the tension that is above that generated by a single twitch. C. A single action potential arriving at the neuromuscular junction is not sufficient to cause a muscle fiber to twitch. D. Muscle twitches are able to mechanically sum when Ca2+ is quickly and completely removed from the sarcoplasm between action potentials. E. An action potential in the muscle cell activates contraction by releasing Na+ into the sarcoplasm.arrow_forward
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