To estimate: The expected response to selection in the next generation in a study of selection on the leg length of migratory locusts, where the mean leg length is 18.6 mm, the selection gradient is = -0.13/mm, the phenotypic variance is P = 1.4 mm2, and the heritability is h 2 = 0.37. Introduction: In a diploid cell chromosomes are present in pairs. Chromosomes are transferred from the parent to the offspring. A chromosome is a part of a human genome. It is made up of two arms, one arm is the short arm and the other arm is the long arm. Genes are present on the chromosome. The combination of the genotypic variance and environmental factors refers to the phenotypic variance.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 6, Problem 1PDT

Summary Introduction

To estimate: The expected response to selection in the next generation in a study of selection on the leg length of migratory locusts, where the mean leg length is 18.6 mm, the selection gradient is = -0.13/mm, the phenotypic variance is P = 1.4 mm2, and the heritability is h² = 0.37.

Introduction: In a diploid cell chromosomes are present in pairs. Chromosomes are transferred from the parent to the offspring. A chromosome is a part of a human genome. It is made up of two arms, one arm is the short arm and the other arm is the long arm. Genes are present on the chromosome. The combination of the genotypic variance and environmental factors refers to the phenotypic variance.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Migratory locusts are large insects. Environmental factors along with the genotypic factors cause phenotypic variance.

Mean leg length = 18.6 mmSelection gradient (β) = −0.13 / mmPhenotypic variance (P) = 1.4 mm2h2 =0.37

According to Breeders formula:

R=h2×β

R refers to the response to selection

R=0.37×−0.13R=−0.0481

The expected response to selection will be -0.0481.

Summary Introduction

To predict: The average leg length in the next generation.

Introduction: In a diploid cell chromosomes are present in pairs. Chromosomes are transferred from the parent to the offspring. A chromosome is a part of a human genome. It is made up of two arms, one arm is the short arm and the other arm is the long arm. Genes are present on the chromosome. The combination of the genotypic variance and environmental factors refers to the phenotypic variance.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Factors responsible for the phenotypic variance maybe the genotypic factors along with several environmental factors due to which the phenotypic variance occurs. The relation between the selection factor and the heritability is given by the Breeders formula. To find out the response to selection heritability is multiplied with the selection gradient;

Therefore, the average leg length for the next generation can be predicted with the help of the Breeders formula.

The given information is as follows:

Mean leg length = 18.551 mmSelection gradient (β) = −0.13 / mmPhenotypic variance (P) = 1.4 mm2h2 =0.37

According to Breeders formula:

R=h2×β

R refers to the response to selection

R=0.37×−0.13R=−0.0481

After adding the response to selection which is -0.0481 as calculated above with the mean leg length which is 18.6 mm as given in the question, the average leg length in the next generation will be as follows:

=18.6+(−0.0481)=18.551

Therefore, the average length in the next generation will be 18.551.

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Students have asked these similar questions

Suppose that in a population of Peacocks the phenotypic variance for tail length is 2.5 and the heritability for this trait is 0.4. From a long-term captive population you also have data from a line of completely inbred individuals. In this line the phenotypic variance among individuals is 0.50. Assume that there is no epistatic variance (VI) for this trait. Calculate the following: What is the total genetic variance for tail length? What is the additive genetic variance? What is the dominance genetic variance? What is the environmental variance? What is the broad-sense heritability (H2)?

In a population of locusts, the mean wing length is 47 mm, the selection gradient on wing length is β = 0.12/mm, the phenotypic variance for wing length is P = 3.6 mm2, and the heritability of wing length is h2 = 0.27. In addition, we know that the additive genetic covariance between wing and leg length is 0.60 mm2. What is the expected evolutionary change in mean leg length due to selection on both wings and legs? Repeat these calculations to predict what will happen to wing length as a result of the selection on both wings and legs. What do you predict the average wing and leg lengths will be in the next generation?

We have learned that the response to selection is equal to the selection differential times the narrow-sense heritability, and that the narrowsense heritability includes only the additive genetic variance. Why aren’t the dominance genetic variance and the gene interaction variance included? Why don’t they contribute to the genetic variation that is acted on by selection?

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 6, Problem 1PDT

Summary Introduction

To estimate: The expected response to selection in the next generation in a study of selection on the leg length of migratory locusts, where the mean leg length is 18.6 mm, the selection gradient is = -0.13/mm, the phenotypic variance is P = 1.4 mm2, and the heritability is h² = 0.37.

Introduction: In a diploid cell chromosomes are present in pairs. Chromosomes are transferred from the parent to the offspring. A chromosome is a part of a human genome. It is made up of two arms, one arm is the short arm and the other arm is the long arm. Genes are present on the chromosome. The combination of the genotypic variance and environmental factors refers to the phenotypic variance.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Migratory locusts are large insects. Environmental factors along with the genotypic factors cause phenotypic variance.

Mean leg length = 18.6 mmSelection gradient (β) = −0.13 / mmPhenotypic variance (P) = 1.4 mm2h2 =0.37

According to Breeders formula:

R=h2×β

R refers to the response to selection

R=0.37×−0.13R=−0.0481

The expected response to selection will be -0.0481.

Summary Introduction

To predict: The average leg length in the next generation.

Introduction: In a diploid cell chromosomes are present in pairs. Chromosomes are transferred from the parent to the offspring. A chromosome is a part of a human genome. It is made up of two arms, one arm is the short arm and the other arm is the long arm. Genes are present on the chromosome. The combination of the genotypic variance and environmental factors refers to the phenotypic variance.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Factors responsible for the phenotypic variance maybe the genotypic factors along with several environmental factors due to which the phenotypic variance occurs. The relation between the selection factor and the heritability is given by the Breeders formula. To find out the response to selection heritability is multiplied with the selection gradient;

Therefore, the average leg length for the next generation can be predicted with the help of the Breeders formula.

The given information is as follows:

Mean leg length = 18.551 mmSelection gradient (β) = −0.13 / mmPhenotypic variance (P) = 1.4 mm2h2 =0.37

According to Breeders formula:

R=h2×β

R refers to the response to selection

R=0.37×−0.13R=−0.0481

After adding the response to selection which is -0.0481 as calculated above with the mean leg length which is 18.6 mm as given in the question, the average leg length in the next generation will be as follows:

=18.6+(−0.0481)=18.551

Therefore, the average length in the next generation will be 18.551.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 6, Problem 1PDT

Summary Introduction

To estimate: The expected response to selection in the next generation in a study of selection on the leg length of migratory locusts, where the mean leg length is 18.6 mm, the selection gradient is = -0.13/mm, the phenotypic variance is P = 1.4 mm2, and the heritability is h² = 0.37.

Introduction: In a diploid cell chromosomes are present in pairs. Chromosomes are transferred from the parent to the offspring. A chromosome is a part of a human genome. It is made up of two arms, one arm is the short arm and the other arm is the long arm. Genes are present on the chromosome. The combination of the genotypic variance and environmental factors refers to the phenotypic variance.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Migratory locusts are large insects. Environmental factors along with the genotypic factors cause phenotypic variance.

Mean leg length = 18.6 mmSelection gradient (β) = −0.13 / mmPhenotypic variance (P) = 1.4 mm2h2 =0.37

According to Breeders formula:

R=h2×β

R refers to the response to selection

R=0.37×−0.13R=−0.0481

The expected response to selection will be -0.0481.

Summary Introduction

To predict: The average leg length in the next generation.

Introduction: In a diploid cell chromosomes are present in pairs. Chromosomes are transferred from the parent to the offspring. A chromosome is a part of a human genome. It is made up of two arms, one arm is the short arm and the other arm is the long arm. Genes are present on the chromosome. The combination of the genotypic variance and environmental factors refers to the phenotypic variance.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Factors responsible for the phenotypic variance maybe the genotypic factors along with several environmental factors due to which the phenotypic variance occurs. The relation between the selection factor and the heritability is given by the Breeders formula. To find out the response to selection heritability is multiplied with the selection gradient;

Therefore, the average leg length for the next generation can be predicted with the help of the Breeders formula.

The given information is as follows:

Mean leg length = 18.551 mmSelection gradient (β) = −0.13 / mmPhenotypic variance (P) = 1.4 mm2h2 =0.37

According to Breeders formula:

R=h2×β

R refers to the response to selection

R=0.37×−0.13R=−0.0481

After adding the response to selection which is -0.0481 as calculated above with the mean leg length which is 18.6 mm as given in the question, the average leg length in the next generation will be as follows:

=18.6+(−0.0481)=18.551

Therefore, the average length in the next generation will be 18.551.

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Answer 4

Question

Chapter 6, Problem 1PDT

Summary Introduction

To estimate: The expected response to selection in the next generation in a study of selection on the leg length of migratory locusts, where the mean leg length is 18.6 mm, the selection gradient is = -0.13/mm, the phenotypic variance is P = 1.4 mm2, and the heritability is h² = 0.37.

Introduction: In a diploid cell chromosomes are present in pairs. Chromosomes are transferred from the parent to the offspring. A chromosome is a part of a human genome. It is made up of two arms, one arm is the short arm and the other arm is the long arm. Genes are present on the chromosome. The combination of the genotypic variance and environmental factors refers to the phenotypic variance.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Migratory locusts are large insects. Environmental factors along with the genotypic factors cause phenotypic variance.

Mean leg length = 18.6 mmSelection gradient (β) = −0.13 / mmPhenotypic variance (P) = 1.4 mm2h2 =0.37

According to Breeders formula:

R=h2×β

R refers to the response to selection

R=0.37×−0.13R=−0.0481

The expected response to selection will be -0.0481.

Summary Introduction

To predict: The average leg length in the next generation.

Introduction: In a diploid cell chromosomes are present in pairs. Chromosomes are transferred from the parent to the offspring. A chromosome is a part of a human genome. It is made up of two arms, one arm is the short arm and the other arm is the long arm. Genes are present on the chromosome. The combination of the genotypic variance and environmental factors refers to the phenotypic variance.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Factors responsible for the phenotypic variance maybe the genotypic factors along with several environmental factors due to which the phenotypic variance occurs. The relation between the selection factor and the heritability is given by the Breeders formula. To find out the response to selection heritability is multiplied with the selection gradient;

Therefore, the average leg length for the next generation can be predicted with the help of the Breeders formula.

The given information is as follows:

Mean leg length = 18.551 mmSelection gradient (β) = −0.13 / mmPhenotypic variance (P) = 1.4 mm2h2 =0.37

According to Breeders formula:

R=h2×β

R refers to the response to selection

R=0.37×−0.13R=−0.0481

After adding the response to selection which is -0.0481 as calculated above with the mean leg length which is 18.6 mm as given in the question, the average leg length in the next generation will be as follows:

=18.6+(−0.0481)=18.551

Therefore, the average length in the next generation will be 18.551.

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!

Answer 5

Chapter 6, Problem 1PDT

Summary Introduction

To estimate: The expected response to selection in the next generation in a study of selection on the leg length of migratory locusts, where the mean leg length is 18.6 mm, the selection gradient is = -0.13/mm, the phenotypic variance is P = 1.4 mm2, and the heritability is h² = 0.37.

Introduction: In a diploid cell chromosomes are present in pairs. Chromosomes are transferred from the parent to the offspring. A chromosome is a part of a human genome. It is made up of two arms, one arm is the short arm and the other arm is the long arm. Genes are present on the chromosome. The combination of the genotypic variance and environmental factors refers to the phenotypic variance.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Migratory locusts are large insects. Environmental factors along with the genotypic factors cause phenotypic variance.

Mean leg length = 18.6 mmSelection gradient (β) = −0.13 / mmPhenotypic variance (P) = 1.4 mm2h2 =0.37

According to Breeders formula:

R=h2×β

R refers to the response to selection

R=0.37×−0.13R=−0.0481

The expected response to selection will be -0.0481.

Summary Introduction

To predict: The average leg length in the next generation.

Introduction: In a diploid cell chromosomes are present in pairs. Chromosomes are transferred from the parent to the offspring. A chromosome is a part of a human genome. It is made up of two arms, one arm is the short arm and the other arm is the long arm. Genes are present on the chromosome. The combination of the genotypic variance and environmental factors refers to the phenotypic variance.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Factors responsible for the phenotypic variance maybe the genotypic factors along with several environmental factors due to which the phenotypic variance occurs. The relation between the selection factor and the heritability is given by the Breeders formula. To find out the response to selection heritability is multiplied with the selection gradient;

Therefore, the average leg length for the next generation can be predicted with the help of the Breeders formula.

The given information is as follows:

Mean leg length = 18.551 mmSelection gradient (β) = −0.13 / mmPhenotypic variance (P) = 1.4 mm2h2 =0.37

According to Breeders formula:

R=h2×β

R refers to the response to selection

R=0.37×−0.13R=−0.0481

After adding the response to selection which is -0.0481 as calculated above with the mean leg length which is 18.6 mm as given in the question, the average leg length in the next generation will be as follows:

=18.6+(−0.0481)=18.551

Therefore, the average length in the next generation will be 18.551.

Answer 6

Chapter 6, Problem 1PDT

Summary Introduction

To estimate: The expected response to selection in the next generation in a study of selection on the leg length of migratory locusts, where the mean leg length is 18.6 mm, the selection gradient is = -0.13/mm, the phenotypic variance is P = 1.4 mm2, and the heritability is h² = 0.37.

Introduction: In a diploid cell chromosomes are present in pairs. Chromosomes are transferred from the parent to the offspring. A chromosome is a part of a human genome. It is made up of two arms, one arm is the short arm and the other arm is the long arm. Genes are present on the chromosome. The combination of the genotypic variance and environmental factors refers to the phenotypic variance.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Migratory locusts are large insects. Environmental factors along with the genotypic factors cause phenotypic variance.

Mean leg length = 18.6 mmSelection gradient (β) = −0.13 / mmPhenotypic variance (P) = 1.4 mm2h2 =0.37

According to Breeders formula:

R=h2×β

R refers to the response to selection

R=0.37×−0.13R=−0.0481

The expected response to selection will be -0.0481.

Answer 7

Chapter 6, Problem 1PDT

Summary Introduction

To estimate: The expected response to selection in the next generation in a study of selection on the leg length of migratory locusts, where the mean leg length is 18.6 mm, the selection gradient is = -0.13/mm, the phenotypic variance is P = 1.4 mm2, and the heritability is h² = 0.37.

Introduction: In a diploid cell chromosomes are present in pairs. Chromosomes are transferred from the parent to the offspring. A chromosome is a part of a human genome. It is made up of two arms, one arm is the short arm and the other arm is the long arm. Genes are present on the chromosome. The combination of the genotypic variance and environmental factors refers to the phenotypic variance.

Answer 8

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Migratory locusts are large insects. Environmental factors along with the genotypic factors cause phenotypic variance.

Mean leg length = 18.6 mmSelection gradient (β) = −0.13 / mmPhenotypic variance (P) = 1.4 mm2h2 =0.37

According to Breeders formula:

R=h2×β

R refers to the response to selection

R=0.37×−0.13R=−0.0481

The expected response to selection will be -0.0481.

Answer 9

Expert Solution

Answer 10

Expert Solution

Answer 11

Expert Solution

Answer 12

Summary Introduction

To predict: The average leg length in the next generation.

Introduction: In a diploid cell chromosomes are present in pairs. Chromosomes are transferred from the parent to the offspring. A chromosome is a part of a human genome. It is made up of two arms, one arm is the short arm and the other arm is the long arm. Genes are present on the chromosome. The combination of the genotypic variance and environmental factors refers to the phenotypic variance.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Factors responsible for the phenotypic variance maybe the genotypic factors along with several environmental factors due to which the phenotypic variance occurs. The relation between the selection factor and the heritability is given by the Breeders formula. To find out the response to selection heritability is multiplied with the selection gradient;

Therefore, the average leg length for the next generation can be predicted with the help of the Breeders formula.

The given information is as follows:

Mean leg length = 18.551 mmSelection gradient (β) = −0.13 / mmPhenotypic variance (P) = 1.4 mm2h2 =0.37

According to Breeders formula:

R=h2×β

R refers to the response to selection

R=0.37×−0.13R=−0.0481

After adding the response to selection which is -0.0481 as calculated above with the mean leg length which is 18.6 mm as given in the question, the average leg length in the next generation will be as follows:

=18.6+(−0.0481)=18.551

Therefore, the average length in the next generation will be 18.551.

Answer 13

Summary Introduction

To predict: The average leg length in the next generation.

Introduction: In a diploid cell chromosomes are present in pairs. Chromosomes are transferred from the parent to the offspring. A chromosome is a part of a human genome. It is made up of two arms, one arm is the short arm and the other arm is the long arm. Genes are present on the chromosome. The combination of the genotypic variance and environmental factors refers to the phenotypic variance.

Answer 14

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Factors responsible for the phenotypic variance maybe the genotypic factors along with several environmental factors due to which the phenotypic variance occurs. The relation between the selection factor and the heritability is given by the Breeders formula. To find out the response to selection heritability is multiplied with the selection gradient;

Therefore, the average leg length for the next generation can be predicted with the help of the Breeders formula.

The given information is as follows:

Mean leg length = 18.551 mmSelection gradient (β) = −0.13 / mmPhenotypic variance (P) = 1.4 mm2h2 =0.37

According to Breeders formula:

R=h2×β

R refers to the response to selection

R=0.37×−0.13R=−0.0481

After adding the response to selection which is -0.0481 as calculated above with the mean leg length which is 18.6 mm as given in the question, the average leg length in the next generation will be as follows:

=18.6+(−0.0481)=18.551

Therefore, the average length in the next generation will be 18.551.