Contribution margin analysis sales Select Audio Inc. sells electronic equipment. Management decided curly in the year to reduce the price of the speakers in order to increase sales volume. As a result, for the year ended December 31, the .sales increased by 31,875 from the planned level of 1,048,125. The following information is available from the accounting records for the year ended December 31. A. Prepare an analysis of the sales quantity and unit price factors. B. Did the price decrease generate sufficient volume to result in a net increase in contribution margin if the actual variable cost per unit was 10, as planned?

Appendix Absorption costing income statement On June 30, the end of the first month of operations, Tudor Manufacturing Co. prepared the following income statement, based on the variable existing concept: Sales (420,000 units) 7,450,000 Variable cost of goods sold: Variable cost of goods manufactured (500,000 units x 14 per unit) 7,000,000 Less ending inventory (80,000 units x 14 per unit) 1,120,000 Variable cost of goods sold 5,880,000 Manufacturing margin 1,570,000 Variable selling and administrative expenses 80,000 Contribution margin 1,490,000 Fixed costs: Fixed manufacturing costs 160,000 Fixed selling and administrative expenses 75,000 235,000 Income from operations 1,255,000 a. Prepare an absorption costing income statement. b. Reconcile the variable costing income from operations of 1,255,000 with the absorption costing income from operations determined in (a).

Communication The controller of New Wave Sounds Inc. prepared the following product profitability report for management, using activity-based costing methods for allocating both the factory overhead and the marketing expenses. As such, the controller has confidence in the accuracy of this report. Home Theater Speakers Wireless Speakers Wireless Headphones Total Sales 1,500,000 1,200,000 900,000 3,600,000 Cost of goods sold 1,050,000 720,000 810,000 2,580,000 Gross profit 450,000 480,000 90,000 1,020,000 Marketing expenses 600,000 120,000 72,000 792,000 Income from operations (150,000) 360,000 18,000 228,000 In addition, the controller interviewed the vice president of marketing, who provided the following insight into the company's three products: The home theater speakers are an older product that is highly recognized in the marketplace. The wireless speakers are a new product that was just recently bunched. The wireless headphones are a new technology that has no competition in the marketplace, and it is hoped that they will become an important future addition to the companys product portfolio. Initial indications are that the product is well received by customers. The controller believes that the manufacturing costs for all three products are in line with expectations. Based on the information provided: 1. Calculate the ratio of gross profit to sales and the ratio of income from operations to sales for each product. 2. Write a brief (one page) memo using the product profitability report and the calculations in (1) to make recommendations to management with respect to strategies for the three products.

Construct and interpret a product profitability report, allocating selling and administrative expenses Naper Inc. manufactures power equipment. Naper has two primary productsgenerators and air compressors. The following report was prepared by the controller for Napers senior marketing management for the year ended December 31: Generators Air Compressors Total Revenue 4,200,000 3,000,000 7,200,000 Cost of goods sold 2,940,000 2,100,000 5,040,000 Gross profit 1,260,000 900,000 2,160,000 Selling and administrative expenses 610,000 Income from operations 1,550,000 The marketing management team was concerned that the selling and administrative expenses were not traced to the products. Marketing management believed that some products consumed larger amounts of selling and administrative expense than did other products. To verify this, the controller was asked to prepare a complete product profitability report, using activity-based costing. The controller determined that selling and administrative expenses consisted of two activities: sales order processing and post-sale customer service. The controller was able to determine the activity base and activity rate for each activity, as follows: Activity Activity Base Activity Rate Sales order processing Sales orders 65 per sales order Post-sale customer service Service requests 200 per customer service request The controller determined the following activity-base usage information about each product: Generators Air Compressors Number of sales orders 3,000 4,000 Number of service requests 225 550 A. Determine the activity cost of each product for sales order processing and post-sale customer service activities. B. Use the information in (A) to prepare a complete product profitability report dated for the year ended December 31. Compute the gross profit to sales and the income from operations to sales percentages for each product. (Round to two decimal places.) C. Interpret the product profitability report. How should management respond to the report?

Profit center responsibility reporting XSport Sporting Goods Co. operates two divisionsthe Winter Sports Division and the Summer Sports Division. The following income and expense accounts were provided from the trial balance as of December 31, 20Y9, the end of the fiscal year, after all adjustments, including those for inventories, were recorded and posted: SalesWinter Sports Division.......................................... 10,500,000 SalesSummer Sports Division........................................ 13,600,000 Cost of Goods SoldWinter Sports Division ............................ 6,300,000 Cost of Goods SoldSummer Sports Division........................... 7,888,000 Sales ExpenseWinter Sports Division ................................. 1,680,000 Sales ExpenseSummer Sports Division ............................... 1,904,000 Administrative ExpenseWinter Sports Division........................ 1,050,000 Administrative ExpenseSummer Sports Division....................... 1,210,400 Advertising Expense .................................................. 482,000 Transportation Expense ............................................... 240,000 Accounts Receivable Collection Expense................................ 120,500 Warehouse Expense................................................... 1,200,000 The bases to be used in allocating expenses, together with other essential information, are as follows: A. Advertising expenseincurred at headquarters, charged back to divisions on the basis of usage: Winter Sports Division, 216,900; Summer Sports Division, 265,100. B. Transportation expensecharged back to divisions at a charge rate of 8.00 per bill of lading: Winter Sports Division, 14,400 bills of lading; Summer Sports Division, 15,600 bills of lading. C. Accounts receivable collection expenseincurred at headquarters, charged back to divisions at a charge rate of 5.00 per invoice: Winter Sports Division. 9,640 sales invoices; Summer Sports Division, 14,460 sales invoices. D. Warehouse expensecharged back to divisions on the basis of floor space used in storing division products: Winter Sports Division. 94,000 square feet; Summer Sports Division, 106,000 square feet. Prepare a divisional income statement with two column headings: Winter Sports Division and Summer Sports Division. Provide supporting calculations for service department charges.