Interpretation:
The detailed mechanism for the given reaction is to be proposed.
Concept introduction:
Reaction mechanism is the step by step sequence of elementary reactions.
Reaction sequences involve conversion of one
These sequences involve a number of steps carried out by different reagents. Sometimes different reagents give the same products.
Electrophiles are electron-deficient species, which has positive or partially positive charge. Lewis acids are electrophiles, which accept electron pair.
Nucleophiles are electron-rich species, which has negative or partially negative charge. Lewis bases are nucleophiles, which donate electron pair.
Substitution reaction: A reaction in which one of the hydrogen atoms of a hydrocarbon or a functional group is substituted by any other functional group is called substitution reaction.
Nucleophilic substitution reaction is a reaction in which an electron-rich nucleophile attacks the positive or partial positive charge of an atom or a group of atoms to replace a leaving group.
An
An
The involvement of nearby nucleophile substituent to the reaction center in the substitution process is known as neighboring group participation.
Such participation results in an increase of
In this participation, two
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ORGANIC CHEM. VOL.1+2-W/WILEYPLUS
- 2,3-Dibromoprop-1-ene (C3H4Br2) has four H atoms. Suppose that any of these H atoms can be replaced by a Cl atom to yield a molecule with the formula C3H3Br,Cl. (a) Identify two H atoms where this substitution would yield constitutional isomers of C3H3Br,CI; (b) enantiomers of C3H3Br,Cl; (c) diastereomers of C3H3Br,Cl. H нн H Br Br 2,3-Dibromoprop-1-enearrow_forwardFor each organic compound in the table below, enter the locant of the highlighted side chain. locant of highlighted side chain compound CH, CH,– CH, - CH, - C CH, | CH3 CH, CH3 | CH, CH, CH, – CH СH - CH3 - C - - CH3 CH; CH; CH, CH; CH, — С - СH,— СH — СН — CH; - CH, | CH; CH,arrow_forwardcompound family I| CH, — С — он carboxylic acid | CH, CH;- CH, C- OH CH, 0=C-C- H NH, CH,- NH - CH3arrow_forward
- Which of the following is correct? 2 CH₂OH(1) + 3 O₂ + 1453 kJ → 2 CO, +3 HO O IIII none of these choices are correct 2 CH₂OH(1) + 3 O₂ + 726.5 kJ → 2CO, +3 HỌ O IIII 2 CH₂OH(1) + 3 0₂ 2 CH₂OH(1) + 3 0₂ |||| 2 CO₂ + 3 H₂O + 726.5 kJ 2 CO₂ + 3 H₂O + 1453 kJarrow_forwardsketch the various conformational isomers of 1,3-dimethylcyclohexane. Indicate the position (axial/equatorial) of each of the methyl groups in each structure.arrow_forwardA student reacts 2-pentene with H2(g) and chooses iron (Fe) as his catalyst. Identify the outcome the student will get from this reaction.arrow_forward
- All the structures shown here have the molecular formula CH18. Which structures are the same molecule? (Hint: One way to answer this ques+ion is to determine the chemical name for each structure.) ÇH3 CHз ҫHз (a) CH-CCH-CHСH; (b) CH;CHснСН, СHз CHз CH2 ČH3 CHз CHCНCH3 (с) CH,CHCHCНЗ (d) CH;CHĊHCH3 СНCH3 ČH3 ČH3arrow_forwardName the following hydrocarbons: H (a) H2C=C=C-CH,-CH,-CH3 нн (b) H2C=C-C=C-C=CH2 нн CH3 (c) Н.С—С-СH —CH,—CH—CH, (d) CH;-CH2-C=C-CH2-CH;arrow_forward27. For each example, identify what type of organic compound is present out of the following options: ketone, ether, carboxylic acid, aldehyde, or alcohol. нн нн Н-С-С-О—С-с-н нн нн нон Н-С-с-с—Н H H | Н-с-о-н H エ-O-エarrow_forward
- Methyl isocyanate, CH3 -N= C = O, is used in the industrial synthesis of a type of pesticide and herbicide known as a carbamate. As a historical note, an industrial accident in Bhopal, India, in 1984 resulted in leakage of an unknown quantity of this chemical into the air. An estimated 200,000 people were exposed to its vapors, and over 2000 of these people died. Q.) Methyl isocyanate reacts with strong acids, such as sulfuric acid, to form a cation. Will this molecule undergo protonation more readily on its oxygen or nitrogen atom? In considering contributing structures to each hybrid, do not consider structures in which more than one atom has an incomplete octetarrow_forwardA chemist synthesized compound X as a racemic mixture. When the ketone group in X was enzymatically reduced to the corresponding alcohol, a 100% yield was obtained of the product shown below. Choose the statement that best describes this result. ОН enzyme C;H1 `OCH,CH; pH 4.0 C3H1 `OCH,CH3 ОН ÕH X (racemic) (100% yield) One enantiomer of compound X reacts quickly with the enzyme. The other enantiomer of compound X is unreactive, but rapidly equilibrates with the reactive enantiomer under the reaction conditions. Since compound X was racemic, it makes sense that only a single product was obtained. O The product is a meso compound, so either enantiomer of compound X gives the same product. One enantiomer of compound X reacts quickly with the enzyme, while the other enantiomer of compound X remains unchanged.arrow_forwardCH3COOH + 2H2 = C2H5OH + H2O %3D Acetate Ethanol Acetate may be hydrogenated to ethanol in industrial reaction systems using several catalysts: Select the most effective catalyst for this reaction system if the free energy of the reaction is -34 kJ/mol; Catalist effective at the temperature range 37-45°C, O Catalist effective at the temperature range 40-55°C, O Catalist effective at the temperature range 60-72°C,arrow_forward
- Organic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305580350Author:William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. FootePublisher:Cengage Learning