Concept explainers
Protons and electrons have different masses. When they are the same distance apart, the electric force between two electrons
- a. is less than the force between two protons
- b. is the same as the magnitude of the force between two protons
- c. is greater than the force between two protons
- d. Any of these choices could be correct, depending on the distance between each pair of particles.
To choose: The correct option from the given options.
Answer to Problem 4MC
The correct option is “b. is same as the magnitude of the force between two protons”.
Explanation of Solution
Given data:
Protons and electrons have different masses.
From the given data, it is required to compare the force between two electrons with respect to the force between two protons when the distance between two electrons is equal to the distance between two protons.
Formula used:
Refer to the equation (6-1) in the textbook, and write the expression for force between two electric charges as follows.
Here,
From equation (1), it is clear that, the force between two electric charges does not depend on the mass of the charges.
Consider the distance between two protons as
As the distance between two protons is same as distance between two electrons, the distance between two electrons is
In nature, the electric charge on a proton is
Calculation of force between two protons
Modify the expression in equation (1) for the force between two protons as follows.
Here,
Substitute
Simplify the expression as follows.
Calculation of force between two electrons
Modify the expression in equation (1) for the force between two electrons as follows.
Here,
Substitute
Simplify the expression as follows.
From equation (3), and (5), the force between two electrons is equal to the force between two protons. Therefore, the option b is an adequate option.
Since, force between two electrons is given as less than the force between two protons, the option a is incorrect answer.
Since, force between two electrons is given as greater than the force between two protons, the option c is incorrect answer.
From the analysis, the only option b is the correct choice. Therefore, the option d is absolutely incorrect.
Conclusion:
Hence, the correct option is “b. is same as the magnitude of the force between two protons”.
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 6 Solutions
PHYSICAL UNIVERSE W/ CONNECT
- Rocket observations show that dust particles in Earths upper atmosphere are often electrically charged. (a) Find the distance separating two dust particles if each has a charge of +e and the Coulomb force between them has magnitude 1.00 1014 N. (b) Calculate the mass of one of the dust panicles if this Coulomb force would accelerate it at 4.50 108 m/s2. (In the upper atmosphere, effects from other nearby charges typically result in a small net force and acceleration.)arrow_forwardA constant electric field accelerates a proton from rest through a distance of 2.00 m to a speed of 1.50 105 m/s. (a) Find the change in the protons kinetic energy. (b) Find the change in the systems electric potential energy. (c) Calculate the magnitude of the electric field.arrow_forwardThis afternoon, you have a physics symposium class, and you are the presenter. You will be presenting a topic to physics majors and faculty. You have been so busy that you have not had time to prepare and you dont even have an idea for a topic. You are frantically reading your physics textbook looking for an idea. In your reading, you have learned that the Earth carries a charge on its surface of about 105 C, which results in electric fields in the atmosphere. This gets you very excited about a new theory. Suppose the Moon also carries a charge on the order of 105 C, with the opposite sign! Maybe the orbit of the Moon around the Earth is due to electrical attraction between the Moon and the Earth! Theres an idea for your symposium presentation! You quickly jot down a few notes and run off to your symposium. While you are speaking, you notice one of the professors doing some calculations on a scrap of paper. Uh-oh! He has just raised his hand with a question. Why are you embarrassed?arrow_forward
- Rocket observations show that dust particles in Earths upper atmosphere are often electrically charged. (a) Find the distance separating two dust particles if each has a charge of +e and the Coulomb force between them has magnitude 1.00 1014 N. (b) Calculate the mass of one of the dust panicles if this Coulomb force would accelerate it at 4.50 108 m/s2. (In the upper atmosphere, effects from other nearby charges typically result in a small net force and acceleration.)arrow_forwardUsing the symmetry of the arrangement, determine the direction of the force on q in the figure below, given that qa=qb=+7.50C and qc = qd = 7.50C. (b) Calculate the magnitude of the force on the charge q, given that the square is 10.0 cm on a side and q = 2.00 C.arrow_forwardReview. A molecule of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is 2.17m long. The ends of the molecule become singly ionized: negative on one end, positive on the other. The helical molecule acts like a spring and compresses 1.00% upon becoming charged. Determine the effective spring constant of the molecule.arrow_forward
- An electron is accelerated by a constant electric field of magnitude 300 N/C. (a) Find the acceleration of the electron. (b) Use the equations of motion with constant acceleration to find the electrons speed after 1.00 108 s, assuming it starts from restarrow_forwardConstruct Your Own Problem Consider identical spherical conducting space ships in deep space where gravitational fields from other bodies are negligible compared to the gravitational attraction between the ships. Construct a problem in which you place identical excess charges on the space ships to exactly counter their gravitational attraction. Calculate the amount of excess charge needed. Examine whether that charge depends on the distance between the centers of the ships, the masses of the ships, or any other factors. Discuss whether this would be an easy, difficult, or even impossible thing to do in practice.arrow_forwardIntegrated Concepts Figure 18.57 shows an electron passing between two charged metal plates that create an 100 N/C vertical electric field perpendicular to the electron's original horizontal velocity. (These can be used to change the electron’s direction, such as in an oscilloscope.) The initial speed of the electron is 3.00106 m/s, and the horizontal distance it travels in the uniform field is 4.00 cm. (a) What is its vertical deflection? (b) What is the vertical component of its final velocity? (c) At what angle does it exit? Neglect any edge effects.arrow_forward
- A simple and common technique for accelerating electrons is shown in Figure 18.55, where there is a uniform electric field between two plates. Electrons are released, usually from a hot filament, near the negative plate, and there is a small hole in the positive plate that allows the electrons to continue moving. (a) Calculate the acceleration of the electorn if the field strength is 2.50104 N/C. (b) Explain why the electron will not be pulled back to the positive plate once it moves through the hole.arrow_forwardIf two equal charges each of 1 C each are separated in air by a distance of 1 km, what is the magnitude of the force acting between them? You will see that even at a distance as large as 1 km, the repulsive force is substantial because 1 C is a very significant amount of charge.arrow_forward(a) Find the direction and magnitude of an electric field that exerts a 4.801017 N westward force on an electron (b) What magnitude and direction force does this field exert on a proton?arrow_forward
- College PhysicsPhysicsISBN:9781938168000Author:Paul Peter Urone, Roger HinrichsPublisher:OpenStax CollegeCollege PhysicsPhysicsISBN:9781305952300Author:Raymond A. Serway, Chris VuillePublisher:Cengage LearningPhysics for Scientists and Engineers, Technology ...PhysicsISBN:9781305116399Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based TextPhysicsISBN:9781133104261Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage LearningCollege PhysicsPhysicsISBN:9781285737027Author:Raymond A. Serway, Chris VuillePublisher:Cengage LearningPhysics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern ...PhysicsISBN:9781337553292Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage Learning