Pearson eText for Materials for Civil and Construction Engineers -- Instant Access (Pearson+)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780137505586
Author: Michael Mamlouk, John Zaniewski
Publisher: PEARSON+
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 6, Problem 6.13QP
The water–cement ratio is important because it influences all of the desirable qualities of concrete.
a. Referring to Figure 5.10, which portion of water is used to calculate the water–cement ratio?
b. What is a typical water–cement ratio for normal strength concrete?
c. What is the water–cement ratio needed for hydration only when concrete is in the plastic state?
d. Why is the extra water necessary?
e. Briefly describe how super high strength concrete (fc′ = 15,000 psi) can be made.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
The water–cement ratio is important because it influences all of the desirable qualities of concrete.
a. Referring to Figure 6.10, which portion of water is used to calculate the water–cement ratio?b. What is a typical water–cement ratio for normal strength concrete?c.What is the water–cement ratio needed for hydration only when concrete is in the plastic state?d.Why is the extra water necessary?e.Briefly describe how super high strength concrete (fc′=15,000 psi) can be made.
4b. Deformation occurs on freshly lay concrete when it finally set or harden.discuss the various causes for dimensional changes in the hardened concrete.
The water–cement ratio is important because it influences all of the desirablequalities of concrete.a. Referring to Figure 5.10, which portion of water is used to calculate thewater–cement ratio?b. What is a typical water–cement ratio for normal strength concrete?c. What is the water–cement ratio needed for hydration only when concreteis in the plastic state?d. Why is the extra water necessary?e. Briefly describe how super high strength concrete (fc′ = 15,000 psi) canbe made.
Chapter 6 Solutions
Pearson eText for Materials for Civil and Construction Engineers -- Instant Access (Pearson+)
Ch. 6 - What ingredients are used for the production of...Ch. 6 - What is the role of gypsum in the production of...Ch. 6 - What is a typical value for the fineness of...Ch. 6 - What are the primary chemical reactions during the...Ch. 6 - Define the C-S-H phase of cement paste.Ch. 6 - What are the four main chemical compounds in...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.7QPCh. 6 - Define a. interlayer hydration space b. capillary...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.9QPCh. 6 - The following laboratory tests are performed: a....
Ch. 6 - What is a false set of portland cement? State one...Ch. 6 - The watercement ratio is important because it...Ch. 6 - Discuss the effect of watercement ratio on the...Ch. 6 - Draw a graph to show the general relationship...Ch. 6 - Students in the materials class prepared three...Ch. 6 - Students in the materials class prepared three...Ch. 6 - Two batches of cement mortar with properties as...Ch. 6 - What are the five primary types and functions of...Ch. 6 - Why isnt pozzolan used with Type III cement?Ch. 6 - What type of cement would you use in each of the...Ch. 6 - In order to evaluate the suitability of nonpotable...Ch. 6 - Three standard mortar cubes were made using...Ch. 6 - Four standard mortar cubes were made using...Ch. 6 - Discuss the problem of disposal of waste water...Ch. 6 - State five types of admixtures and discuss their...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.27QPCh. 6 - Under what condition is an air-entraining agent...Ch. 6 - If a water reducer is added to the concrete mix...Ch. 6 - Prob. 6.30QPCh. 6 - A concrete mix includes the following ingredients...Ch. 6 - The results of an experiment to evaluate the...Ch. 6 - The results of a laboratory experiment to evaluate...Ch. 6 - Referring to Table P6.34, Mix No. 1 was designed...Ch. 6 - Two batches of concrete cylinders were made with...Ch. 6 - Two batches of concrete cylinders were made with...Ch. 6 - What is the source of fly ash? Why is fly ash...Ch. 6 - A materials engineer is working in a research...Ch. 6 - A materials engineer is working in a research...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, civil-engineering and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- A concrete mix includes the following ingredients per cubic meter: Cement%3D400 kg Water=184 kg No admixture Table below shows possible alternatives mix ingredients. Indicate in the appropriate boxes in the table what will happen in each case for the workability and the ultimate compressive strength as increase, decrease or approximately the same. What will happen? Cement Water Admixture (kg) (kg) Ultimate compressive Workability strength 400 225 None 449 184 None Water 400 184 Reducer Water 400 128 Reducer 400 184 Super Plasticizer 400 184 Air Entrainer 400 184 Accelerator DFocusarrow_forwardA concrete mix includes the following ingredients per cubic meter: a. Cement = 400 kg b. Water = 176 kg c. No admixture Table P6.30 shows possible changes that can be made to the mix ingredi- ents. Indicate in the appropriate boxes in the table what will happen in each case for the workability and the ultimate compressive strength as increase, decrease, or approximately the same.arrow_forwardWhat is the effect of water–cement ratio on the permeability of hardened concrete? How does permeability affect the durability of the concrete structure?Using Figure , what is the approximate percent increase in the coefficient of permeability if the water–cement ratio increases from 0.5 to 0.6? Using the same figure, what is the approximate percent increase in the coefficient of permeability if the water–cement ratio increases from 0.5 to 0.7?arrow_forward
- Which one of the following sentences is not correct? a. For many years, tensile strength has been measured in terms of the compressive strength. b. The modulus of rupture where the normal-weight concrete has an fc of 4000 psi is 474 psi. С. For lightweight concretes tensile strength depends largely on the porous aggregate. d. For normal weight concrete, the tensile strength depends primarily on the strength of bond between hardened cement paste and aggregate. 13:54arrow_forwardWhich one of the following sentences is not correct? a.For many years, tensile strength has been measured in terms of the compressive strength. b.The modulus of rupture where the normal-weight concrete has an fc of 4000 psi is 474 psi. c.For lightweight concretes tensile strength depends largely on the porous aggregate. d.For normal weight concrete, the tensile strength depends primarily on the strength of bond between hardened cement paste and aggregate.arrow_forward1. What are the most common applications for structural steel?2. What is the purpose of reinforcing steel in concrete? Discuss the qualities of reinforcing steel in general.3. Discuss briefly four kinds of heat treatment used to improve the characteristics of steel. What are the benefits of each kind of treatment?arrow_forward
- 6. Discuss the different types of volume change in concrete at early and long-term ages.arrow_forwardDiscuss five different desirable characteristics of aggregate used in portland cement concrete.arrow_forwardA project specifies a concrete strength of at least 3000 psi. Materials engineers will design the mix for a strength higher than that. Calculate the required average compressive strength of the mix design if the standard deviation is s = 350 psi. Estimate the modulus of elasticity of the concrete at the required average compressive strength (the calculated strength, not the given strength).arrow_forward
- Concrete is required for a column that will be Severe Exposure to freezing and thawing. The cross section of the column is 300 × 300 mm. The smallest spacing between reinforcing steel is 40 mm. The specified compressive strength of concrete at 28 days is 40 MPa with a slump of 25 to 50 mm. The properties of materials are as follows: (a) Cement used is type I Portland cement with a specific gravity of 3.10. (b) The available coarse aggregate has a maximum size of 23 mm, a dry-rodded unit weight of 1800 kg/m3, a bulk specific gravity (SSD) of 2.68, absorption capacity of 0.65%, and moisture content (SSD) of 0.27%. (c) The fine aggregate has a bulk specific gravity (SSD) of 2.75, absorption capacity of 1.5%, a moisture content (SSD) of 2.5%, and a fineness modulus of 2.7,The aggregates conform to the ASTM C33-84 requirements for grading.arrow_forwardn=20 1. The relation between concrete strength (E) and maturity (M) is as follows: fe = (5+ +10 log10 M. Calculate the strength when concrete is cured at (20 +)°C for (7+") days. What temperature would be required to reach a strength of 30 MPa at 28 days?arrow_forwardConcrete is required for a column that will be Severe exposed to freezing and thawing. The cross section of the column is 300 × 300 mm. The smallest spacing between reinforcing steel is 30 mm. The Required Average Compressive Strength of concrete at 28 days is 35 MPa with a slump of 80 to 100 mm. The properties of materials are as follows: ❖ Cement used is type I Portland cement with a specific gravity of 3.15. ◆ The available coarse aggregate has a maximum size of 23 mm, a dry-rodded unit weight of 1800 kg/m3, a bulk specific gravity (SSD) of 2.7, absorption capacity of 0.55%, and moisture content (SSD) of 0.25%. The fine aggregate has a bulk specific gravity (SSD) of 2.75, absorption capacity of 1.4%, a moisture content (SSD) of 2.5%, and a fineness modulus of 2.70. The aggregates conform to the ASTM C33-84 requirements for grading.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Structural Analysis (10th Edition)Civil EngineeringISBN:9780134610672Author:Russell C. HibbelerPublisher:PEARSON
Principles of Foundation Engineering (MindTap Cou...Civil EngineeringISBN:9781337705028Author:Braja M. Das, Nagaratnam SivakuganPublisher:Cengage Learning
Fundamentals of Structural AnalysisCivil EngineeringISBN:9780073398006Author:Kenneth M. Leet Emeritus, Chia-Ming Uang, Joel LanningPublisher:McGraw-Hill Education
Traffic and Highway EngineeringCivil EngineeringISBN:9781305156241Author:Garber, Nicholas J.Publisher:Cengage Learning
Structural Analysis (10th Edition)
Civil Engineering
ISBN:9780134610672
Author:Russell C. Hibbeler
Publisher:PEARSON
Principles of Foundation Engineering (MindTap Cou...
Civil Engineering
ISBN:9781337705028
Author:Braja M. Das, Nagaratnam Sivakugan
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Fundamentals of Structural Analysis
Civil Engineering
ISBN:9780073398006
Author:Kenneth M. Leet Emeritus, Chia-Ming Uang, Joel Lanning
Publisher:McGraw-Hill Education
Traffic and Highway Engineering
Civil Engineering
ISBN:9781305156241
Author:Garber, Nicholas J.
Publisher:Cengage Learning
What is Concrete?; Author: Practical Engineering;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UOHURuAf5iY;License: Standard Youtube License