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Interpretation:
Born-Haber cycle for formation of
Concept introduction:
The pictorial representation of formation of ionic solids from its constituent elements is known as Born-Haber cycle. Following are the steps required to draw Born-Haber cycle of any ionic compound:
Step 1: Solid metal is converted into gaseous isolated atoms. It takes place by process called sublimation.
Step 2: Gaseous molecules are broken down into separate atoms. Energy is supplied to break molecules apart and this is called
Step 3: Isolated metal atoms are converted into respective cations with the help of ionization energy.
Step 4: Anions are formed from gaseous atoms with the help of
Step 5: Ionic compound is formed by the combination of cation and anion. Energy is released in this process.
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Chapter 6 Solutions
CHEMISTRY-W/MASTERING CHEMISTRY ACCESS
- Practice Exercises 6.1 1. a. b. H,CO,(aq) H,O() + CO,(g) 1) H,O(g) + C) = H,(g) + CO(3) 0,(g) + 4NO,(g) = 2N,O,(g) C. d. 2H,(g) + 0,(g) = 2H,O(1) e.arrow_forwardThe following equations represent the chemical process to determine electron affinity of atoms. Identify the process expected to be the most exothermic (that releases the most energy). (A) F(g) + e– --> F– (g); (B) Cl(g) + e– --> Cl–(g); (C) Br(g) + e– --> Br–(g) ; (D) I(g) + e– --> I–(g);arrow_forward6) (a) The solubility of carbon tetrachloride (CCI4) in water at 25°C is 1.2 g/L. The solubility of chloroform (CHCI3) at the same temperature is 10.1g/L. Why is chloroform almost 10 times more soluble in water than is carbon tetrachloride? (b) Explain the difference between the Bohr model for the hydrogen atom and the quantum-mechanical model. Is the Bohr model consistent with Heisenberg's uncertainty principle? (Ctrl)arrow_forward
- Consider the Mg2+, Cl-, K+, and Se2- ions. The four spheresbelow represent these four ions, scaled according to ionic size.(a) Without referring to Figure 7.8, match each ion to its appropriatesphere. (b) In terms of size, between which of the sphereswould you find the (i) Ca2 + and (ii) S2 - ions? [Section 7.3]arrow_forward8.92 A fundamental relationship of electrostatics states that the energy required to separate opposite charges of magnitudes Q1 Qi × Q2 and Q, that are a distance d apart is proportional to Use this d relationship and any other relevant factors to cxplain the following: (a) The IE, of He (Z= 2) is more than twice the IE, of H (Z= 1). (b) The IE, of He is less than twice the IE, of H.arrow_forward5.) Electron Configurations for Ions: Supply the ground state electron configurations for the following ions. You many use the short-hand notation (e.g. Na*: [He]2s 2p°). (a) N (b) Mg*. (c) O (d) Sc* (e) Sn2+ (f) Ar 6.) Formulas of Ions: Predict the formulas of the most stable ions of the following elements (a) Na (b) Mg (c) S (d) Al (e) Br (f) Parrow_forward
- 6. Arrange the following chemical species in order of increasing atomic radius. Explainyour arrangement in each case.(a) K, Mg, Ca, Aℓ(b) F–, S2–, Cℓ–.arrow_forwardThe first ionization energy of potassium is 419 kJ mol-1. The first electron affinity of chlorine is –349 kJ mol-1. Use your knowledge of thermochemistry to calculate the overall change in energy for the process shown below. Show all thermochemical equations for the processes involvedarrow_forward6. Arrange the following chemical species in order of increasing atomic radius. Explain your arrangement in each case. (a) K, Mg, Ca, Al (b) F–, S2–, Cl–.arrow_forward
- The As¬As bond length in elemental arsenic is 2.48 Å. TheCl¬Cl bond length in Cl2 is 1.99 Å. (a) Based on these data,what is the predicted As¬Cl bond length in arsenic trichloride,AsCl3, in which each of the three Cl atoms is bondedto the As atom? (b) What bond length is predicted for AsCl3,using the atomic radii in Figure 7.7?arrow_forwardConsider the Mg2+, Cl-, K+, and Se2- ions. The four spheresbelow represent these four ions, scaled according to ionic size.(a) Without referring to Figure 7.8, match each ion to its appropriatesphere. (b) In terms of size, between which of the sphereswould you find the (i) Ca2+ and (ii) S2- ions?arrow_forwardConsider a hypothetical ionic compound AB (comprised of A* and B ions). Given the following enthalpy data and using a Born-Haber cycle calculation, predict AHiattice in kJ mol. AG) + Bs) - AB 4H = -384 kJ mol As) → Ag) ArH = 105 kJ mol B(s) - Bg) A,H = 101 kJ mol1 First ionization energy of Ag) = 501 kJ mol" Answes=? Electron affinity enthalpy of Bro (exothermic) = -348 kJ molarrow_forward
- Chemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage Learning
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