Consider the electronic structure of the element bismuth.
(a) The first ionization energy of bismuth is
(b) Write the electron configurations of neutral Bi and the
(c) What are the n and I quantum numbers of the electron removed when Bi is ionized to
(d) Would you expect element 115 to have an ionization energy greater than, equal to, or less than that of bismuth?Explain.
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 6 Solutions
CHEMISTRY-W/MASTERING CHEMISTRY ACCESS
- Palladium, with an electron configuration of [Kr] 4d10, is an exception to the aufbau principle. Write the electron configuration of the 2+ cation of palladium. Does the fact that palladium is an exception influence the electron configuration of Pd2+?arrow_forwardWhich of the four atoms Na, P, Cl, or K (a) has the largest atomic radius? (b) has the highest ionization energy? (c) is the most electronegative?arrow_forwardGive the ground-state electron configurations of the following elements: (a) P (b) Tc (c) Hoarrow_forward
- The bars in the graph at right represent the relative magnitudes of the first five ionization energies of an atom. Identify the element and write its complete electron configuration, assuming it comes from (a) Period 2; (b) Period 3; (c) Period 4.arrow_forward(i) Write the equation that represents the first electron affinity of Selenium (Se). (ii) Do you expect this process to be exothermic or endothermic? Explain your answer.arrow_forwardQ1. This question is about atomic structure. (a) Write the full electron configuration for each of the following species. CH Fe2+ (b) Write an equation, including state symbols, to represent the process that occurs when the third ionisation energy of manganese is measured. (c) State which of the elements magnesium and aluminium has the lower first ionisation energy Explain your answer. (d) A sample of nickel was analysed in a time of flight (TOF) mass spectrometer. The sample was ionised by electron impact ionisation. The spectrum produced showed three peaks with abundances as set out in the table. m/z Abundance /% 58 61.0 60 29.1 61 9.9 Give the symbol, including mass number, of the ion that would reach the detector first in the sample. Calculate the relative atomic mass of the nickel in the sample. Give your answer to one decimal place. Page 2 of 12 Symbol of ion Relative atomic massarrow_forward
- What is meant by the term nuclear charge? How does the effective nuclear charge experienced by the valence electrons of an atom vary going from left to right across a period of the periodic table? 3. If each core electron was totally effective in shielding the valence electrons from the full charge of the nucleus and the valence electrons provided no shielding effect for each other, what would be the effective nuclear charge acting on a valence electron in (a.) K (B.) Br 4. what is the general relationship between the size of an atom and its first ionization energy? 5. which element in the periodic table has the largest ionization energy? Which has the smallest?arrow_forwardWhich of these isoelectronic ions, Ba2+, Cs*, or La3+, is (a) the largest? (b) the smallest? Explain your reasoning.arrow_forwardThe electron configuration of an element describes how electrons are distributed in its atomic orbitals. (a) Explain the applications of the Aufbau principle, Hund's rule and the Pauli exclusion principle in relation to electronic configuration of oxygen atom. Explain how these principles determine the stability and reactivity of atoms oxygen.arrow_forward
- 7. Use an orbital diagram to describe the electron configuration of the valence shell of each of the following atoms: (a) N (b) Si (c) Fearrow_forwardWhat is the kinetic energy of the emitted electrons when cesium is exposed to UV rays of frequency 1.90×1015Hz? Express your answer in joules to three significant figures. It is not 9.17×10−19 J or 12.589 x 10-19 J By using the following formula, you can calculate the kinetic energy of the emitted electron: KE=E−ϕ=hν−hν0 where h=6.63×10−34 J⋅s is Planck's constant, ν=1.90×1015Hz is the given frequency, and ν0=9.39×1014 Hz is your answer from Part A. The threshold frequency ν0 of cesium is 9.39×1014 Hzarrow_forwardIdentify the true statements concerning the atoms andions of the group 6A elements. (a) The ionic radii are larger than the atomic radii becausethe ions have more electrons than their correspondingatoms.(b) Atomic radii increase going down the group because ofincreasing nuclear charge.(c) The ionic radii increase going down the group becauseof the increase in the principal quantum number ofoutermost electrons.(d) Of these ions, Se2- is the strongest base in water becauseit is largest.arrow_forward
- Chemistry: Principles and PracticeChemistryISBN:9780534420123Author:Daniel L. Reger, Scott R. Goode, David W. Ball, Edward MercerPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry for Engineering StudentsChemistryISBN:9781337398909Author:Lawrence S. Brown, Tom HolmePublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry: Principles and ReactionsChemistryISBN:9781305079373Author:William L. Masterton, Cecile N. HurleyPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Principles of Modern ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305079113Author:David W. Oxtoby, H. Pat Gillis, Laurie J. ButlerPublisher:Cengage Learning