INTEGRATED PRINC.OF ZOOLOGY(LL)(FD)
17th Edition
ISBN: 9781260704310
Author: HICKMAN
Publisher: MCGRAW-HILL CUSTOM PUBLISHING
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Chapter 6, Problem 6RQ
How do modern evolutionists view the relationship between ontogeny and phylogeny? Explain how the observation of paedomorphosis conflicts with Haeckel’s “biogenetic law.”
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The “Progression Rule” of biogeography states that the oldest islands of an archipelago will host the oldest lineages of a radiation and the youngest islands will host the youngest lineages. The Hawaiian islands offer a number of examples of progression, one of which is depicted below.
First, do Darwin’s Giant Daisies follow the Progression Rule? Second, describe a historical process of diversification and dispersal that might be responsible for the pattern you actually observe for Scalesia. This needn’t be completely precise—I don’t want every dispersal event documented!—just sufficient to capture the general process. (as a hint, he told me to consider speciation, extinction, and/or dispersal as the historical processes)
What is an Analogy?
A) When an anatomic feature is shared among organisms and their descendants
B) When two organisms appear the same
C) When convergent evolution produces similar phenotypes
What do all of the species in this cladogram have in common?
A) they are all in the Claude archea
B) none of them will ever evolve anymore
C) they all have a common line of ancestry
D) each of them has opposable thumbs and fur
Chapter 6 Solutions
INTEGRATED PRINC.OF ZOOLOGY(LL)(FD)
Ch. 6 - Briefly summarize Lamarcks concept of the...Ch. 6 - What is uniformitarianism? How did it influence...Ch. 6 - Why was the Beagles journey so important to...Ch. 6 - What was the key idea contained in Malthuss essay...Ch. 6 - Explain how each of the following contribute(s) to...Ch. 6 - How do modern evolutionists view the relationship...Ch. 6 - What are the important differences between the...Ch. 6 - What are reproductive barriers? How do premating...Ch. 6 - Under what conditions is sympatric speciation...Ch. 6 - What is the main evolutionary lesson provided by...
Ch. 6 - How is the observation of sporting mutations in...Ch. 6 - What does the theory of punctuated equilibrium...Ch. 6 - Describe the observations and inferences that...Ch. 6 - Identify the random and nonrandom components of...Ch. 6 - Describe some recurring criticisms of Darwins...Ch. 6 - Using the data shown in Figure 6.32, calculate the...Ch. 6 - Assume that you are sampling a trait in animal...Ch. 6 - If after studying a population for a trait...Ch. 6 - Explain why genetic drift is more powerful in...Ch. 6 - Describe how the effects of genetic drift and...Ch. 6 - Is it easier for selection to remove a deleterious...Ch. 6 - Distinguish between microevolution and...Ch. 6 - Explain why the evidence supporting Darwins theory...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Asian tiger mosquito Trace its origin and evolutionary history or changes in the species. Describe its structures and their functions. What is the importance of this species to our environment? Give trivia about this species. Does this organism produce oxygen? Explain. What are the ancestral species of your chosen organism? Has this species been genetically engineered? If yes, in what way? How does this species reproduce? What organisms have similar structures to this species? Do these structures have the same function? Does the species have tissues, organs, and/or organ systems? What is its role in the flow of energy? Give at 15 least a sentence to each question.arrow_forwardWhat is a Homology? A) When an anatomic feature is shared among organisms and their descendants B) When two organisms appear the same C) When convergent evolution produces similar phenotypesarrow_forwardWhat is Biogenetic law? How does comparative embryology provides evidences for evolution?arrow_forward
- Which statement is usually true about phylogenetic trees? a) nodes represent points when traits have evolved b) branch tips that are next to each other are more closely related c) the branching pattern describes the hypothesized evolutionary relationships between the taxa d) the order of the branch tips (left to right) indicates which taxa are more advanced evolutionarilyarrow_forwardWhich pattern of evolution is more likely to introduce homoplasies in the relationships between species?A) divergent evolutionB) parallel evolutionC) convergent evolutionarrow_forwardAssume the common ancestor was non-venomous, had non-jointed limbs, antennae, and 10 legs. Assume that all evolutionary changes in these traits are shown. a) What traits does Species C have? b) What traits does species F have?arrow_forward
- a. Phylogenetic relationships based on chloroplast genes Brown algae Diatoms Most photosynthetic dinoflagellates Cryptophyte algae Red algae Red algae Green algae Euglenids Green algae Chlorarachniophyte algae Green algae Green algae Green algae Green algae Land plants Glaucocystophytes Cyanobacteria b. Phylogenetic relationships based on nuclear genes Opisthokonts Amoebozoans Glaucocystophytes Red algae Green algae (including land plants) Cryptophyte algae 140000 Diatoms Brown algae Dinoflagellates Chlorarachniophyte algae Chloroplast genes relate brown algae, diatoms, most dinoflagellates, and cryptophyte algae to red algae, which is different from the relationships based on nuclear genes shown in part b. -Excavates Chloroplast genes relate euglenids and chlorarachniophyte algae to green algae, which is different from the relationships based on nuclear genes shown in part b. Chloroplasts form a monophyletic group nested within cyanobacteria, providing strong evidence for the…arrow_forwardTo test evolutionary hypotheses, you make a phylogeny of a group of organisms based on six traits: A B 1 2 E 5 2 1= singing 2= nest-building 3 = short legs 4 = hollow snout 5= crest J L M 6 = tree dwelling a) Based on your phylogeny, did hollow snouts evolve to allow singing? Explain your answer. b) Your friend wants to put all of the species that have hollow snouts into a single taxonomic group. Is this a good taxonomic group? Explain your answer. 4.arrow_forwardWhich of the following are true about outgroups? (multiple answers allowed) A) they help identify plesiomorphic traits in the pylogeny B) they are a taxa that is known to not be within the species group in questionC) They do not have any autapomorphic traits D)they are less evolved than the species of interestarrow_forward
- Crickets have colonized each island in the Hawaiian Archipelago. Geological data indicates that Kauai is the oldest island in the chain and Hawaii is the youngest. Researchers hypothesized that crickets sequentially colonized islands as they rose out of the ocean and created a cladogram based on molecular relationships to test this idea. 3) Which islands unambiguously show multiple independent colonization events? 4) How many colonization events were there on each of the islands showing multiple events?arrow_forwardWhich of the following is FALSE regarding phylogenetic trees? 1) The branch lengths on the tree are scaled to molecular (DNA) changes and/or time. 2)Phylogenetic trees have shown us that there is much more bacterial diversity compared to eukaryotes. 3) Phylogenetic trees show the evolutionary relatedness of different organisms. 4). The branch lengths on the tree depict abiotic and biotic factors affecting speciation.arrow_forwardWhich of the following best explains why coalescent-based phylogenetic inference is important in the age of phylogenomics? A) Coalescent-based methods directly model gene tree histories independently to infer the species tree in a summary-based manner, which is important for phylogenomic analysis were hundreds to thousands of gene histories are analyzed. B) Coalescent-based methods have the most advanced evolutionary models of molecular evolution, which is important for phylogenomic analysis were hundreds to thousands of gene histories are analyzed. C) Coalescent-based methods are no more important than other types of phylogenetic inference, even for phylogenomic analyses. D) None of the above.arrow_forward
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