The molecular ion
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Chapter 6 Solutions
PRINCIPLES OF MODERN CHEMISTRY
- Best Lewis Formula and Molecular Geometry A student writes the Lewis electron-dot formula for the carbonate anion, CO32, as a Does this Lewis formula obey the octet rule? Explain. What are the formal charges on the atoms? Try describing the bonding for this formula in valence bond terms. Do you have any difficulty doing this? b Does this Lewis formula give a reasonable description of the electron structure, or is there a better one? If there is a better Lewis formula, write it down and explain why it is better. c The same student writes the following resonance description for CO2: Is there something wrong with this description? (What would you predict as the geometries of these formulas?) d Is one or the other formula a better description? Could a value for the dipole moment help you decide? e Can you write a Lewis formula that gives an even better description of CO2? Explain your answer.arrow_forwardGiven that the ionization energy of F2 is 290 kJ/mol, do the following: a. Calculate the bond energy of F2. You will need to look up the bond energy of F2 and ionization energy of F. b. Explain the difference in bond energy between F2 and F2 using MO theory.arrow_forwardConsider the pyrosulfate ion, S2O72-. It has no sulfur–sulfur nor oxygen–oxygen bonds. (a) Write a Lewis structure for the pyrosulfate ion using only single bonds. (b) What is the formal charge on the sulfur atoms for the Lewis structure you drew in part (a)? (c) Write another Lewis structure using six bonds and two O—S bonds. (d) What is the formal charge on each atom for the structure you drew in part (c)?arrow_forward
- Predict the ordering of the C—O bond lengths in CO, CO2, and CO32-arrow_forwardCalculate the (molar) energy of electrostatic repulsion between two hydrogen nuclei at the separation in H2 (74.1 pm). The result is the energy that must be overcome by the attraction from the electrons that form the bond. Does the gravitational attraction between the nuclei play any significant role? Hint: The gravitational potential energy of two masses is equal to −Gm1m2/r; the gravitational constant G is listed inside the front cover.arrow_forwardWhat is the resonance form that describes the distribution of electrons in SeO2 ?arrow_forward
- Methanethiol, CH3SH, has a substantial dipole moment (μ = 1.52) even thoughcarbon and sulfur have identical electronegativities. Explain.arrow_forwardwhy the C-O bond distance is nearly identical in CO (113 pm) and CO+ (112 pm)?arrow_forwardSuppose that any given kind of bond, such as 0-H, has a characteristic electric dipole. That is, suppose that elec- tric dipole moments can be assigned to bonds just as bond energies can be. Both are usefully accurate approxi- mations. Consider the water molecule H `H Show that if MOH is the dipole moment of the OH bond, then the dipole moment of water is µ(H2O) = 2µ0H cos (0/2). What is the dipole moment µoH if µ(H,O) is 1.86 D?arrow_forward
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