MINDTAP PSYCHOLOGY FOR GRAVETTER/FORZAN
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781305264953
Author: Forzano
Publisher: IACCENGAGE
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Textbook Question
Chapter 6, Problem 8E
What is the novelty effect, and how does it affect a study’s external validity?
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What is a confounding variable in research, and how can it affect the results of a study? Provide an example of a confounding variable in a hypothetical study.
How might the absence of data screening affect a researcher’s data quality, their interpretations of the data, and thereby their interpretations of their study’s findings?
Was the study an experiment (see Chapter 11) or quasi-experiment (see Chapter 12)? How do you know?
Levine, L. J., Burgess, S. L., & Laney, C. (2008). Effects of discrete emotions on young children’s suggestibility. Developmental Psychology, 44, 681–694.
Purpose of the Study. Levine, Burgess, and Laney (2008) conducted a study to investigate the effect of children’s emotions on their memory abilities and the likelihood that their memory accuracy would decline due to leading questions about their memories for a story. This knowledge may be useful in determining the conditions under which children’s memories are less likely to be accurate, which is important in various applied situations, such as when children must testify in court about something they experienced.
Method of the Study. Four- and six-year-old children participated in the study. Each child was presented with three stories. A task at the end of each story was designed to elicit happiness, sadness, or anger. This…
Chapter 6 Solutions
MINDTAP PSYCHOLOGY FOR GRAVETTER/FORZAN
Ch. 6.1 - Describe, compare, and contrast the five research...Ch. 6.1 - Define research strategy, research design, and...Ch. 6.2 - Define the concept of external validity and a...Ch. 6.2 - Define the concept of internal validity and a...Ch. 6.3 - Identify and explain the common threats to...Ch. 6.4 - Describe how extraneous variables can become...Ch. 6.4 - Describe how environmental variables can be...Ch. 6.5 - Define experimenter bias, demand characteristics,...Ch. 6 - In addition to the key words, you should also be...Ch. 6 - For each of the following scenarios, identify...
Ch. 6 - How is the descriptive strategy different from the...Ch. 6 - Explain the difference among the terms research...Ch. 6 - A researcher conducts a study with 6-year-old...Ch. 6 - A researcher finds that college students are more...Ch. 6 - Explain how using college students as participants...Ch. 6 - What is the novelty effect, and how does it affect...Ch. 6 - Suppose that you wake up in the morning with all...Ch. 6 - What is the primary threat to internal validity...Ch. 6 - Describe how experimenter bias can be a threat to...Ch. 6 - Describe how participant reactivity can be a...Ch. 6 - Selection bias and individual differences are both...
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- What term is used to express the likelihood of an event occurring? Are there restrictions on its values? If so, what are they? If not, explain.arrow_forwardWhat is the difference between events and outcomes? Give an example of both using the sample space of tossing a coin 50 times.arrow_forwardYou give all Stonehill students a measure of well-being (i.e. happiness) when they enter as first year students. You want to compare the average happiness scores for incoming first year students for the classes of 2021, 2022, 2023, and 2024. Which statistical test would you use to see if there are statistically significant differences of well-being (based on happiness scores) between the classes of 2021, 2022, 2023, and 2024? a. one sample t test b. two sample t test c. repeated measures t test d. ANOVAarrow_forward
- Help please!!arrow_forwardWhich one of the following statements is/are true or false regarding cohort and case-control studies? (I) Case-control studies are controlled experiments, whilst cohort studies are observational studies. (II) Case-control studies are better for rare diseases, compared to cohort studies.arrow_forwardmagine someone is reviewing the study on leading information on eye-witness memory and they state, "Response to just one question is not a reflection of memory" In this case the reviewer is calling into question: A. the use of the control variable B. the internal validity of the study C. the construct validity of the dependent variable D. the construct validity of the independent variablearrow_forward
- A (hypothetical) experiment is conducted on the effect of alcohol on perceptual motor ability. Ten subjects are each tested twice, once after having two drinks and once after having two glasses of water. Which hypothesis test should be used? Test to see if alcohol had a significant effect.arrow_forwardDr. Guidry conducts a study examining the relationship between the number of friends one has and the experience of daily stress and life satisfaction. She randomly samples 1,500 elderly men and women in Nashville, Tennessee (the state capital), located in the southern United States. Dr. Guidry submits her study for publication in a scientific journal. If one of the peer reviewers is concerned about the external validity of her study, which of the following is the most important aspect of Dr. Guidry's study to consider? the number of significant findings the random sampling technique used to recruit the participants the number of people in the sample the use of three measured variablesarrow_forwardA researcher conducts an independent-measures study examining how the brain chemical serotonin is related to aggression. One sample of rats serves as a control group and receives a placebo that does not affect normal levels of serotonin. A second sample of rats receives a drug that lowers brain levels of serotonin. Then the researcher tests the animals by recording the number of aggressive responses each of the rats display. The data are as follows. Control Low Serotonin n = 10 n = 15 M = 14 M = 19 SS = 180.5 SS = 130.0 A. Does the drug have a significant effect on aggression?Use an alpha level of .05, two tails. H0 = ________________________________________ df = _________________________________________ tcritical =…arrow_forward
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Type I and II Errors, Power, Effect Size, Significance and Power Analysis in Quantitative Research; Author: NurseKillam;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OWn3Ko1WYTA;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY