EBK HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780134704227
Author: Silverthorn
Publisher: YUZU
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Question
Chapter 6.5, Problem 23CC
Summary Introduction
To match: The parts of knee jerk reflex to the related terms given in the simple neural reflex.
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Several of the events that occur between the time a physician strikes apatient’s patellar tendon with a rubber hammer and the time the quadriceps femoris contracts (knee-jerk reflex) are listed below:(1) increased frequency of action potentials in sensory neurons(2) stretch of the muscle spindles(3) increased frequency of action potentials in the alpha motor neurons(4) stretch of the quadriceps femoris(5) contraction of the quadriceps femorisWhich of the following most closely describes the sequence ofevents as they normally occur?a. 4,1,2,3,5 c. 1,4,3,2,5 e. 4,2,3,1,5b. 4,1,3,2,5 d. 4,2,1,3,5
A tap on the patellar tendon at the knee joint is used to test the knee-jerk reflex. All of the followings are correct, except ---------------------.
The reflex starts with the 1a sensory neurons of the muscle spindle
There is an excitatory stimulus to the motor pool of the extensor muscle
There is a stimulation of the excitatory interneuron of the flexor muscle
Excitation of the extensor muscle fibers causes the knee extension
Muscle contraction depends on coordination between motor pools of antagonistic muscles
Explain how skeletal muscle movement is controlled in the knee-jerk reflex (only on local level).
Chapter 6 Solutions
EBK HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY
Ch. 6.1 - Match the communication method on the left with...Ch. 6.1 - Which signal molecules listed in the previous...Ch. 6.1 - A cat sees a mouse and pounces on it. Do you think...Ch. 6.2 - List four components of signal pathways.Ch. 6.2 - Prob. 5CCCh. 6.2 - What are the four steps of signal transduction?Ch. 6.2 - Prob. 7CCCh. 6.2 - Prob. 8CCCh. 6.2 - Name the four categories of membrane receptors.Ch. 6.2 - Prob. 10CC
Ch. 6.2 - Prob. 11CCCh. 6.2 - Prob. 12CCCh. 6.3 - The extracellular fluid Ca2+ concentration...Ch. 6.3 - Prob. 14CCCh. 6.4 - What do receptors, enzymes, and transporters have...Ch. 6.4 - Prob. 16CCCh. 6.4 - Prob. 17CCCh. 6.5 - What is the difference between tonic control and...Ch. 6.5 - Prob. 19CCCh. 6.5 - What is the difference between local control and...Ch. 6.5 - Name the seven steps in a reflex control pathway...Ch. 6.5 - Prob. 22CCCh. 6.5 - Prob. 23CCCh. 6.5 - Prob. 24CCCh. 6 - What are the two routes for long-distance signal...Ch. 6 - Prob. 2RQCh. 6 - Prob. 3RQCh. 6 - Prob. 4RQCh. 6 - Prob. 5RQCh. 6 - An enzyme known as protein kinase adds the...Ch. 6 - Distinguish between central and peripheral...Ch. 6 - Prob. 8RQCh. 6 - Prob. 9RQCh. 6 - Prob. 10RQCh. 6 - Prob. 11RQCh. 6 - Explain the relationships of the terms in each of...Ch. 6 - List and compare the four classes of membrane...Ch. 6 - Prob. 14RQCh. 6 - Prob. 15RQCh. 6 - Prob. 16RQCh. 6 - Prob. 17RQCh. 6 - Identify the target tissue or organ for each...Ch. 6 - Now identify the integrating center for examples...Ch. 6 - In each of the following situations, identify the...Ch. 6 - Prob. 21RQCh. 6 - Prob. 22RQ
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Similar questions
- 1) For each of the following reflexes, detail what the sensor is, the integrator, and the effector. Also note the neuronsinvolved in the reflex (like alpha motor neuron).a. Myotatic (stretch reflex)b. Autogenic Inhibition (Golgi tendon organ reflex)c. Flexor Reflex 2) You stimulate an alpha motor neuron and measure the force of contraction in a control muscle from a mouse. You then add Substance X, a newly synthesized product from your organic chemists. You observe that there is adecreased force of contraction following the same type of motor neuron stimulation.a. Draw your experimental setup and what force you measure before and after administering Substance X.Hint: You’ll need to include something to stimulate the muscle and something to measure the force. Whatyou measure is force upon stimulation (mN, milliNewtons) before and after addition of X.b. Hypothesize one way that Substance X could be inhibiting muscle contraction. Design an experiment…arrow_forwardDo you think the patellar reflex would be inhibited or enhanced by actively contracting the quadriceps muscle group? With an understanding of how muscle spindle fibers work, explain how active contraction of a muscle might affect the myotactic reflex. [hint: try to elicit a knee jerk reflex when someone is doing a leg lift]arrow_forwarda) Describe how the isolated muscle behaved as the interpulse interval was decreased progressively. b) Examine the table. Can you describe what happens to the frequency of stimulation when you decrease the interval between the pulses?arrow_forward
- There are reflex arcs that employ a gamma motor neuron wrapped around a muscle spindle and involve no interneurons. Which is NOT an appropriate example of these reflex arcs among the following? patellar reflex achilles reflex inverted supinator reflex C5 reflex arcsarrow_forwardDescribe a muscle spindle and its function considering the following items. Use all terms in paragraph form to describe: - Extrafusal fibers - Intrafusal fibers - Alpha motor neurons - Gamma motor neurons - Capsule - Contraction - Afferent nerve fiber - Somatic reflex (as in the patellar reflex)arrow_forwardWhy is an interneuron needed to provide reciprocal inhibition of the flexor muscle when an extensor muscle is activated?arrow_forward
- Both the withdrawal reflex and the Golgi tendon reflex involve sensory signals that ultimately control the same type ofmotor neurons and both are protective. Explain how one reflex can cause muscle contraction while the other causes musclerelaxation.arrow_forwardFor the reflex arc in Figure, name the: ______________________ 1. Nerve carrying motor information causing right leg flexion ______________________ 2. Nerve carrying motor information causing left leg extension ______________________ 3. Agonistic muscles for right leg flexion ______________________ 4. Agonistic muscles for left leg extensionarrow_forwarda) Describe the processes involved in the knee-jerk reflex and explainwhy it is called a ‘monosynaptic’ reflex.b) While crawling across the floor a child accidentally places her righthand onto a piece of broken glass. How will the flexor muscles of herleft arm respond? What happens to the rest of her body?arrow_forward
- What are the five reflex arc components for the Biceps Tendon Reflex? Receptor, the type of the receptor, the location The sensory neuron The control center The motor neuron The effectorarrow_forwardExplain the intracellular mechansim of smooth muscle relaxation of agaonist such as mepyrimine and atropine. Give diagram for each.arrow_forwardWhat is the sensory receptor in the knee-jerk reflex?arrow_forward
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