Chapter 7, Problem 1NST

Summary Introduction

To contrast:

The mode of sexual differentiation of Bonellia viridis with that of the mammals. Also, suggest further experimentation to elucidate the sex-determination mechanism in B. viridis?

Introduction:

A biological system that determines the development of sexual characteristics of an organism is referred to as the sex-determination system. It refers to the environmental, hormonal, and specifically the genetic mechanisms that develop an organism as male or female. The development of phenotypic features of sex is referred to as sex differentiation.

Explanation of Solution

The scheme of sex determination in mammals depends on the presence of the Y chromosome. The Y chromosomes are involved in producing males. The female proboscis in Bonellia viridis produces certain substances that trigger the physiological, morphological, and behavioral development patterns that produce males. In order to elucidate the mechanism, it could be an attempt to isolate and characterize the active substance. This is carried out by testing the different chemical fractions of the proboscis.

Usually, the mutant analysis provides clinical approaches to the process of development. The mutant which leads to the changes in female or male development might be isolated depending on the characteristics of the organism.

By using the micro-tissue transplantation, the anatomical centers of the embryo in response to the chemical cues of the female could be determined.

Conclusion

Sexual differentiation in mammals and Bonellia viridis depends on Y chromosomes and active substances respectively. The experimental approaches for elucidating the sex determinations mechanisms in Bonellia viridis is provided.