Research Methods for the Behavioral Sciences
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780357231913
Author: Frederick J Gravetter; Lori-Ann B. Forzano
Publisher: Cengage Limited
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Chapter 7, Problem 3E
In an experiment examining human memory, two groups of participants are used. One group is allowed 5 minutes to study a list of 40 words and the second group is given 10 minutes of study time for the same list of words. Then, both groups are given a memory test, and the researcher records the number of words correctly recalled by each participant. For this experiment, identify the independent variable and the dependent variable.
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In an experiment examining human memory, two groups of participants are used. One group is allowed 5 minutes to study a list of 40 words and the second group is given 10 minutes of study time for the same list of words. Then, both groups are given a memory test, and the researcher records the number of words correctly recalled by each participant. For this experiment, identify the independent variable and the dependent variable.
A recent study examined the drinking behaviors of undergraduate college students (male and female freshmen). Each participant was asked how many alcoholic beverages they consumed during the past 7 days. The researchers wish to determine if there is a difference in the drinking habits of males and females in this age group.
A recent study examined the drinking behaviors of undergraduate college students (male and female freshmen). Each participant was asked how many alcoholic beverages they consumed during the past 7 days. The researchers wish to determine if there is a difference in the drinking habits of male and females in this age group.
Female
Male
9
13
5
9
5
7
9
11
8
10
3
5
5
6
2
10
1
16
7
12
Which type of test will you run?
What is the independent variable?
What is the dependent variable?
A researcher studying allergies to animals is interested in performing a study at the local elementary school. At Pineview Elementary, there are 4 1st
grade classrooms. The researcher
picks 2 of the 4 classrooms and asks every 1st grader in the 2 classrooms what type of animal they own (cat, dog, rabbit, etc.). He also asks how often they experience allergies.
What type of study is this?
Chapter 7 Solutions
Research Methods for the Behavioral Sciences
Ch. 7.1 - Describe the general purpose of an experimental...Ch. 7.1 - Define independent, dependent, and extraneous...Ch. 7.1 - Describe the third-variable problem and the...Ch. 7.2 - Explain why manipulation of an independent...Ch. 7.2 - Explain why control of extraneous variables is a...Ch. 7.2 - Explain how an extraneous variable can become a...Ch. 7.3 - Describe the three primary techniques for...Ch. 7.4 - Describe the purpose for control conditions in...Ch. 7.4 - Explain when a manipulation check is needed,...Ch. 7.5 - Define field studies and simulation, explain why...
Ch. 7 - In addition to the key words, you should also be...Ch. 7 - Dr. Jones conducted a study examining the...Ch. 7 - In an experiment examining human memory, two...Ch. 7 - It has been demonstrated that students with high...Ch. 7 - A researcher would like to compare two methods for...Ch. 7 - Define extraneous variable and explain how...Ch. 7 - Identify the two characteristics needed for a...Ch. 7 - Identify the two active methods of preventing...Ch. 7 - Explain how the process of randomly assigning...Ch. 7 - Can a research study be an experiment without a...Ch. 7 - What is the general purpose of a manipulation...Ch. 7 - What is the general purpose for using a simulation...Ch. 7 - Prob. 1EACh. 7 - A researcher examines the relationship between the...
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- 15 wheelchair users were randomly assigned to three groups with 5 in each group. These participants navigated in virtual-reality settings. Group 1 participants were in the virtual-reality setting (a building) as wheelchair users. Group 2 participants were in the virtual-reality setting in a wheelchair pushed by a walking person. Group 3 participants walked without aid in the virtual-reality setting. Joan measured the time each participant needed to complete the navigation of the virtual-reality setting. What is the independent variable(s)?arrow_forwardA therapist believes that the music a child listens to may have an impact on the number of words on a list he or she can memorize. In order to test this, the therapist selects a random sample of children for an experiment. She has the children look over a list of 100 words for 5 minutes while listening to classic rock music. After the 5 minutes, she tests the children to see how many words they can remember from the list. She then does the same experiment, this time with a different list of words, while the children listen to classical music. Suppose that data were collected for a random sample of 19 children, where each difference is calculated by subtracting the number of words remembered listening to classical music from the number of words remembered listening to classic rock music. Assume that the numbers of words are normally distributed. The test statistic is t≈6.448, α=0.05, the corresponding rejection regions are t<−2.101 and t>2.101, the null hypothesis is H0:μd=0, and…arrow_forwardA study is conducted to determine the effect of walnuts on concentration. Subjects were given 1 tablespoon of walnuts and asked to perform a memory test. Scores for the test were recorded in Excel. What is tool in this scenario?arrow_forward
- Many young men in North America and Europe (but not in Asia) tend to think they need more muscle to be attractive. One study presented 200 young American men with 100 images of men with various levels of muscle. Researchers measure level of muscle in kilograms per square meter (??/?2) of fat‑free body mass. Typical young men have about 20 ??/?2 . Each subject chose two images, one that represented his own level of body muscle and one that he thought represented “what women prefer.” The mean gap between self‑image and “what women prefer” was 2.35 ??/?2 . Suppose that the “muscle gap” in the population of all young men has a Normal distribution with standard deviation 2.5 ??/?2 . Give a 90% confidence interval for the mean amount of muscle young men think they should add to be attractive to women. (Enter your answers rounded to four decimal places.) lower limit= upper limit=arrow_forwardThe administrators of a Faculty A were interested to understand personal characteristics of their students. They decided to conduct a survey and managed to get randomly 1625 students to respond to the survey. The same survey has been conducted for 3 years in a row and a summary report on students’ characteristics was produced. The first part of the survey was asking demographics questions on the students. The data in Table 1 show eight variables, each describing a different characteristic of the students taking the survey. For the data in the table, the description of the data is as follows: ID : An identifier for each of the individuals in the study. Gender : M for male and F for female Mathematics : To measure how much the student likes Mathematics courses (Really Don’t Like it, Not too much, I like it, Absolutely love it) Exercise : Number of times spent exercising per week Games : Number of hours spent playing online games per week GPA…arrow_forwardA campus researcher wanted to investigate the factors that affect visitor travel time in a complex, multilevel building on campus. Specifically, he wanted to determine whether different building signs (building maps versus wall signage) affect the total amount of time visitors require to reach their destination and whether that time depends on whether the starting location is inside or outside the building. Three subjects were assigned to each of the combinations of signs and starting locations, and travel time in seconds from beginning to destination was recorded. How should the data be analyzed? Wall Signs Map Starting Room Interior 141, 119, 238 85, 94, 126 Randomized block design O Completely randomized design 2 x 2 factorial design Levene's test Exterior 224, 339, 139 226, 129, 130arrow_forward
- Imagine I wanted to study the effectiveness of the Mediterranean diet on people’s memory. I tested a group of people who strictly followed the Mediterranean diet, another group who followed a typical Western diet, and another whose diet I did not change at all. Before the diet changes began, I gave all my participants a memory test. After six weeks of the diet experiment, I had all participants complete the same memory test again to see how scores would change among the three groups. For this study, identify a parameter and a statistic I might be interested in.arrow_forwardTo determine the amount of sugar in a typical serving of breakfast cereal, a student randomly selected 60 boxes of different types of cereal from the shelves of a large grocery store. The student noticed that the side panels of some of the cereal boxes showed sugar content based on one-cup servings, while others showed sugar content based on three- quarter-cup servings. Many of the cereal boxes with side panels that showed three-quarter-cup servings were ones that appealed to young children, and the student wondered whether there might be some difference in the sugar content of the cereals that showed different-size servings on their side panels. To investigate the question, the data were separated into two groups. One group consisted of 29 cereals that showed one-cup serving sizes; the other group consisted of 31 cereals that showed three-quarter cup serving sizes. The boxplots shown below display sugar content (in grams) per serving of the cereals for each of the two serving sizes.…arrow_forwardSolve please.arrow_forward
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