Concept introduction:
Decision making plays an important role in the management. The decisions taken by managers are called managerial decisions. Managerial Decisions are decisions taken by managers for the operations of a firm. These decisions include setting target growth rates, hiring or firing employees, and deciding what products to sell. Manager’s decisions are taken on the basis of quantitative as well as the qualitative measures. The managerial decision includes the decisions like make or buy, accept or reject new offers, sell or further process etc. These decisions are taken on the basis of relevant costs.
Relevant costs are the costs that are relevant for any decision making. Relevant costs are helpful for take managerial decisions like make or buy, accept or reject new offers, sell or further process etc.
Two basic types of the relevant costs are as follows:
- Out-of-pocket costs
- Opportunity costs
To calculate:
The difference in profit between selling two products
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 7 Solutions
MANAGERIAL ACCOUNTING W/CONN+ F17
- Salem Electronics currently produces two products: a programmable calculator and a tape recorder. A recent marketing study indicated that consumers would react favorably to a radio with the Salem brand name. Owner Kenneth Booth was interested in the possibility. Before any commitment was made, however, Kenneth wanted to know what the incremental fixed costs would be and how many radios must be sold to cover these costs. In response, Betty Johnson, the marketing manager, gathered data for the current products to help in projecting overhead costs for the new product. The overhead costs based on 30,000 direct labor hours follow. (The high-low method using direct labor hours as the independent variable was used to determine the fixed and variable costs.) All depreciation. The following activity data were also gathered: Betty was told that a plantwide overhead rate was used to assign overhead costs based on direct labor hours. She was also informed by engineering that if 20,000 radios were produced and sold (her projection based on her marketing study), they would have the same activity data as the recorders (use the same direct labor hours, machine hours, setups, and so on). Engineering also provided the following additional estimates for the proposed product line: Upon receiving these estimates, Betty did some quick calculations and became quite excited. With a selling price of 26 and just 18,000 of additional fixed costs, only 4,500 units had to be sold to break even. Since Betty was confident that 20,000 units could be sold, she was prepared to strongly recommend the new product line. Required: 1. Reproduce Bettys break-even calculation using conventional cost assignments. How much additional profit would be expected under this scenario, assuming that 20,000 radios are sold? 2. Use an activity-based costing approach, and calculate the break-even point and the incremental profit that would be earned on sales of 20,000 units. 3. Explain why the CVP analysis done in Requirement 2 is more accurate than the analysis done in Requirement 1. What recommendation would you make?arrow_forwardCobe Company has manufactured 225 partially finished cabinets at a cost of $56,250. These can be sold as is for $67,500. Instead, the cabinets can be stained and fitted with hardware to make finished cabinets. Further processing costs would be $13,500, and the finished cabinets could be sold for $90,000.(a) Prepare a sell as is or process further analysis of income effects.(b) Should the cabinets be sold as is or processed further and then sold?arrow_forwardLooking for the break-even point from the information provided. The Smiths need to develop an analysis of their breakeven point for the plastic display case based on sales of the product directly to the consumer as well as through retailers. If the product were sold to retailers, the price would have to provide retailers with an adequate markup. Exhibit C7.4 presents the expected cost structure for the Unique Display Cases display case developed by their accountant. Based on competitive prices, the Smiths expected to offer their product in direct to consumer sales for $24.99 plus $2.99 for shipping and handling. The price to retailers would have to be negotiated but would be 30–40% less to allow an adequate markup for the retail firms. The production cost of $7.50 was based on a production run of 5000 units in one color. At 10,000 or more units, production cost would drop to $5.75 per unit. The company that would produce the plastic unit had production capacity of 25,000 units a year.…arrow_forward
- Perfect Furniture is a manufacturer of kitchen tables andchairs. Th e company is currently deciding between two newmethods for making kitchen tables. Th e fi rst process is estimatedto have a fi xed cost of $80,000 and a variable cost of $75 per unit.Th e second process is estimated to have a fi xed cost of $100,000and a variable cost of $60 per unit.(a) Graphically plot the total costs for both methods.Identify which ranges of product volume are best foreach method.(b) If the company produces 500 tables a year, which methodprovides a lower total cost?arrow_forwardPricing Williams Inc. produces a single product, a part used in the manufacture of automobiletransmissions. Known for its quality and performance, the part is sold to luxury auto manufacturersaround the world. Because this is a quality product, Williams has some flexibility in pricing the part.The firm calculates the price using a variety of pricing methods and then chooses the final price based onthat information and other strategic information. A summary of the key cost information follows. Williamsexpects to manufacture and sell 50,000 parts in the coming year. While the demand for Williams’s parthas been growing in the past 2 years, management is not only aware of the cyclical nature of the automobile industry, but also concerned about market share and profits during the industry’s current downturn.[LO 13-3][LO 13-4]Required (round prices to 4 decimal places)1. Determine the price for the part using a markup of 45% of full manufacturing cost.2. Determine the price for the part…arrow_forwardMesa Verde manufactures unpainted furniture for the do-it-yourself (DIY) market. It currently sells a table for $75. Production costs per unit are $40 variable and $10 fixed. Mesa Verde is considering staining and sealing the table to sell it for $100. Unit variable costs to finish each table are expected to be an additional $19 per table, and fixed costs are expected to be an additional $3 per table.Prepare an analysis showing whether Mesa Verde should sell stained or finished tables. Please solve this if any more information is needed let me know.arrow_forward
- The Gorman Manufacturing Company must decide whether to manufacture a component part at its Milan, Michigan, plant or purchase the component part from a supplier. The resulting profit is dependent upon the demand for the product. The following payoff table shows the projected profit (in thousands of dollars): Decision State of Nature Alternative Low Demand (S1) Medium Demand (S2) High Demand )S3) Manufacture, d(1) -20 40 100 Purchase, d(2) 10 45 70 The state-of-nature probabilities are P s1= 0.35, P s2= 0.35, and P s3= 0.30 Use expected value to recommend a decision.arrow_forwardPrepare and present a computation which illustrates what price should be selected in order to maximize profits when The company is considering the launch of a new product, component TDX 489 with the following information: Standard cost per box Variable cost 6,20 fixed cost 1,60 Total 7,80 Market research forecast of demand Selling price 13 12 11 10 9 Demand box 5000 6000 7200 11200 13400 The company only has enough production capacity to make 7000 boxes. However, it would be possible to purchase product TDX 489 from a subcontractor at £7.75 per box for orders up to 5000 boxes and £7 per box if the orders exceed 5000 boxes.arrow_forwardSheffield Corp. produces several products that can be sold at the split-off point or processed further and then sold. The following results are from a recent period: Product Sales Valueat Split-off AdditionalVariable Costs Sales Value afterFurther Processing Green lumber $158600 $21000 $166000 Rough lumber 130000 28900 181600 Sawdust 104000 22100 130000 What is the increase in profit if the products which are most profitable if processed further are processed further? $26600 $13000 $85000 $260600arrow_forward
- Millennium Printers Inc. manufactures color laser printers. Model L-1819 presently sells for $150 and has a total product cost of $120, as follows: Direct materials $90 Direct labor 20 Factory overhead 10 Total $120 It is estimated that the competitive selling price for color laser printers of this type will drop to $140 next year. Millennium Printers wants to establish a target cost to maintain its historical markup percentage on product cost. Engineers have provided the following cost reduction ideas: Purchase a plastic printer cover with snap-on assembly. This will reduce the amount of direct labor by nine minutes per unit. Add an inspection step that will add six minutes per unit of direct labor but reduce the materials cost by $3 per unit. Decrease the cycle time of the injection molding machine from four minutes to three minutes per part. Thirty percent of the direct labor and 45% of the factory overhead is related to running injection molding machines. The direct…arrow_forwardMillennium Printers Inc. manufactures color laser printers. Model L-1819 presently sells for $150 and has a total product cost of $120, as follows: Direct materials $90 Direct labor 20 Factory overhead 10 Total $120 It is estimated that the competitive selling price for color laser printers of this type will drop to $140 next year. Millennium Printers wants to establish a target cost to maintain its historical markup percentage on product cost. Engineers have provided the following cost reduction ideas: Purchase a plastic printer cover with snap-on assembly. This will reduce the amount of direct labor by nine minutes per unit. Add an inspection step that will add six minutes per unit of direct labor but reduce the materials cost by $3 per unit. Decrease the cycle time of the injection molding machine from four minutes to three minutes per part. Thirty percent of the direct labor and 45% of the factory overhead is related to running injection molding machines. The direct…arrow_forwardLockrite Security Company manufacturers home alarms. Currently, it is manufacturing one of its components at a total cost of $40, which includes fixed costs of $13 per unit. An outside provider of this component has offered to sell Lockrite the component for $29. Provide a differential analysis of the outside purchase proposal. If an amount is zero, enter "0". For those boxes in which you must enter subtracted or negative numbers use a minus sign. Differential Analysis Make Component (Alternative 1) or Buy Component (Alternative 2) MakeComponent(Alternative 1) BuyComponent(Alternative 2) DifferentialEffects(Alternative 2) Unit costs: Purchase price Variable costs Fixed costs Total unit costs $arrow_forward
- Managerial AccountingAccountingISBN:9781337912020Author:Carl Warren, Ph.d. Cma William B. TaylerPublisher:South-Western College PubCornerstones of Cost Management (Cornerstones Ser...AccountingISBN:9781305970663Author:Don R. Hansen, Maryanne M. MowenPublisher:Cengage Learning