The Richardson number is defined as
Miguel is working on a problem that has a characteristic length scale L, a characteristic velocity V, a characteristic density difference
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FLUID MECHANICS FUNDAMENTALS+APPS
- The slope of the height h of a surface wave moving in a shallow pool of liquid is related to the speed of the wave u and gravity g by the following equation и ди дх g əx (a) Use a length scale L and a velocity scale Vo to 'nondimensionalize' the equation (b) What is the nondimensional parameter of the flow?arrow_forwardHome Work (steady continuity equation at a point for incompressible fluid flow: 1- The x component of velocity in a steady, incompressible flow field in the xy plane is u= (A /x), where A-2m s, and x is measured in meters. Find the simplest y component of velocity for this flow field. 2- The velocity components for an incompressible steady flow field are u= (A x* +z) and v=B (xy + yz). Determine the z component of velocity for steady flow. 3- The x component of velocity for a flow field is given as u = Ax²y2 where A = 0.3 ms and x and y are in meters. Determine the y component of velocity for a steady incompressible flow. Assume incompressible steady two dimension flowarrow_forward1ODiem # The side thrust F, for a smooth spinning ball in a fluid is a function of the ball diameter D, the free-stream velocity V, the densityp, the viscosityu, and the angular velocity of spino. F= f( D, ρ, μ, V, ω) Using the Buckingham Pi theorem to express this relation in dimensionless form. Farrow_forward
- A small low-speed wind tunnel is designed to calibrate hot wires (anemometer wires) (Figure 2). The air temperature is 19 OC. The test section of the wind tunnel is 30 cm in diameter and 30 cm in height. The flow through the test section must be as uniform as possible. The speed range of the wind tunnel varies from 1 M/s to 8 M/S, and the design will be optimized with an airspeed of V= 4.0 M / s in the test section. For a flow state at a speed of 4.0 m/S, which is almost uniform at the entrance to the test section, how fast does the air velocity on the tunnel axis accelerate to the end of the test section?Note: kinematic viscosity of air at 19 C ν=1. 507x10-5 m2 / sarrow_forwardQ1: If an air stream flowing at velocity (U) pasta body of length (L) causes a drag force (F) on the body which depends only upon U, L, and fluid viscosity μ. Formulate the suitable dimensionless parameter of the air drag force.arrow_forwardTaylor number (Ta) is used here to describe the ratio between the inertia effect and the viscous effect. By applying Buckingham Pi's Theorem, determine an equation for Ta as a function of the radius of inner cylinder (r), cylinder tangential velocity (v), fluid dynamic viscosity (u), gap distance (L) and fluid density (p). Q4arrow_forward
- A simply supported beam of diameter D , length L , and modulusof elasticity E is subjected to a fluid crossflow of velocityV , density ρ , and viscosity μ . Its center deflection δ isassumed to be a function of all these variables. ( a ) Rewritethis proposed function in dimensionless form. ( b ) Suppose itis known that δ is independent of μ , inversely proportionalto E , and dependent only on ρ V 2 , not ρ and V separately.Simplify the dimensionless function accordingly. Hint:Take L , ρ , and V as r e peating variables.arrow_forwardThe wind flutter on the wing of a newly proposed jet fighter is given by the following 1st order differential equation: dy/dx = 2yx With the Boundary Condition: y(0) = 1 (remember this means that y = 1 when x = 0) Determine the vertical motion (y) in terms of the span (x) of the wing. The frequency of fluctuations of the wing at mach 2 is given by the non-homogenous 2nd order differential equation: y'' + 3y' - 10y = 100x With the boundary conditions: y(0) = 1 and y(1) = 0 (i.e., y = 1 when x = 0 and y = 0 when x = 1) By solving the homogenous form of this equation, complete the analysis and determine the amplitude (y) of vibration of the wing tip at mach 2. Critically evaluate wing flutter and fluctuation frequency amplitude determined by solving the two differential equations above.arrow_forwardEXAMPLE Leaking Tank. Outflow of Water Through a Hole (Torricelli's Law) This is another prototype engineering problem that leads to an ODE. It concerns the outflow of water from a cylindrical tank with a hole at the bottom. You are asked to find the height of the water in the tank at any time if the tank has diameter 2 m, the hole has diameter 1 cm, and the initial height of the water when the hole is opened is 2.25 m. When will the tank be empty? 2.20 M Water level asime Outiine walls 200 200 30t .00- 50- D 10000 30000 tebe Revelion 50000arrow_forward
- Please help me to answer these questions by today. Please try to explain it in details sothat I can understand.arrow_forward(a) Show that the Weber number is dimensionless: V √o/pL Where is the surface tension, V velocity, p density, and L is length. We = =arrow_forwardIn the orifice and Jet flow experiment, the following data were collected: Water level = 30 cm , Volume V {V} L was collected in time 32 seconds, orifice diameter = 6 mm, X1 = 50 mm , X2 = 100 mm, X3 = 150 mm, X4 = 200 mm, X5 = 250 mm Y1 = 3 mm, Y2 = 10 mm, Y3 = 22 mm, Y4 = 38 mm, Y5 = 63 mm What is the actual velocity of water jet that leaves the orifice (m/s)?arrow_forward
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