Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The materials as well as instrument components required for making an instrument used to investigate the absorption bands in the given range of wavelength.
Concept introduction:
Spectral lines help in identifying the atoms and molecules. These are result of absorption or emission of light in a comparatively narrower frequency range compared to the frequencies nearby.
(b)
Interpretation:
The materials as well as instrument components required for making an instrument used to obtain the absorption spectra in far IR − 20 to 50 µm needs to be suggested.
Concept introduction:
Spectral lines help in identifying the atoms and molecules. These are result of absorption or emission of light in a comparatively narrower frequency range compared to the frequencies nearby.
Spectral region consists of different wavelengths which are distinguished based on the sources used to produce them and detect the different wavelengths.
(c)
Interpretation:
The materials as well as instrument components required for making an instrument used to make a portable device to determine the iron content in natural water depending on absorption of radiation by red Fe(SCN)2+ complex needs to be suggested.
Concept introduction:
Spectral lines are lines which help in identifying the atoms and molecules. These are a result of absorption or emission of light in a comparatively narrower frequency range compared to the frequencies nearby.
Spectral region consists of different wavelengths which are distinguished based on the sources used to produce them and detect the different wavelengths.
(d)
Interpretation:
The materials as well as instrument components required for determination of nitrobenzene in air samples depending on absorption peak at 11.8µm needs to be suggested.
Concept introduction:
Spectral lines are lines which help in identifying the atoms and molecules. These are a result of absorption or emission of light in a comparatively narrower frequency range compared to the frequencies nearby.
Spectral region consists of different wavelengths which are distinguished based on the sources used to produce them and detect the different wavelengths.
(e)
Interpretation:
The materials as well as instrument components required for making an instrument used to determine the wavelength of flame emission lines for metallic elements in 200 nm to 780 nm region needs to be suggested.
Concept introduction:
Spectral lines are lines which help in identifying the atoms and molecules. These are a result of absorption or emission of light in a comparatively narrower frequency range compared to the frequencies nearby.
Spectral region consists of different wavelengths which are distinguished based on the sources used to produce them and detect the different wavelengths.
(f)
Interpretation:
The materials as well as instrument components required for making an instrument used for spectroscopic studies in vacuum UV region needs to be suggested.
Concept introduction:
Spectral lines are lines which help in identifying the atoms and molecules. These are a result of absorption or emission of light in a comparatively narrower frequency range compared to the frequencies nearby.
Spectral region consists of different wavelengths which are distinguished based on the sources used to produce them and detect the different wavelengths.
(g)
Interpretation:
The materials as well as instrument components required for making an instrument used for spectroscopic studies in the near IR region needs to be suggested.
Concept introduction:
Spectral lines are lines which help in identifying the atoms and molecules. These are a result of absorption or emission of light in a comparatively narrower frequency range compared to the frequencies nearby.
Spectral region consists of different wavelengths which are distinguished based on the sources used to produce them and detect the different wavelengths.
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Chapter 7 Solutions
PRINCIPLES OF INSTRUMENTAL ANALYSIS
- Mercury(II) forms a 1:1 complex with triphenyltetrazolium chloride that exhibits an absorption maximum at 255 nm. The mercury(II) in a soil sample was extracted into an organic solvent containing an excess of TTC , and the resulting solution was diluted to 100.0 mL in a volumetric flask. Five-milliliter aliquots of the analyte solution were then transferred to six 25-mL volumetric flasks. A standard solution was then prepared that was 5*10^-6 M in . Volumes of the standard solution shown in the table were then pipetted into the volumetric flasks, and each solution was then diluted to 25.00 mL. The absorbance of each solution was measured at 255 nm in 1.00-cm quartz cells. Please solve and explain these questions: A.) Enter the given data pictured above into a spreadsheet and show the correct standard additions plot B.) Determine the slope and the intercept of the line C.)Determine the standard deviation of the slope and the intercept. D.) Calculate the concentration of Hg(II) in the…arrow_forwardThe transmittance of a solution measured at 590 nm in a 1.5-cm cuvette was 76.2%. (a) What is the corresponding absorbance?(b) If the concentration is 0.0802 M, what is the absorptivity of this species at this wavelength? (c) If the absorptivity is 10,000 L mol-1 cm-1, what is the concentration?arrow_forwardAn aqueous solution of a triphosphate derivative of molar mass 502 g mol-1, was prepared by dissolving 17.2 mg in enough water to make 500 cm3 of solution and a sample was transferred to a cell of length 1.00 em. The absorbance was measured as 1.011. Calculate (a) the molar absorption coefficient;(b) the transmittance. expressed as a percentage.for a solution of twice the concentration.arrow_forward
- Atomic Spectroscopy (a) In terms of spectral shape, how are atomic spectra different from molecular spectra? What is the source of this difference? (b) Describe the decision-making process for picking a line for atomic emission analysis of a given analyte. (c) For quality assurance, spike recovery is not sufficient to establish confidence in an analytical procedure. Explain this statement. What should be done instead to demonstrate satisfactory performance of an instrumental method (including elemental analysis). (d) Find a literature example of atomic spectroscopy used for elemental analysis. State the operating conditions with sufficient detail to reproduce the analysis; Please answer very soon will give rating surely All questions complete Answer needed Please help mearrow_forwardThe complex formed between Cu(I) and 1,10-phenanthroline has a molar absorptivity of 7000 L L cm-1 mol-1 at 435 nm, the wavelength of maximum absorption. Calculate (a) the absorbance of a 6.17 × 10-5 M solution of the complex when measured in a 1.00-cm cell at 435 nm. (b) the percent transmittance of the solution in (a).arrow_forward(A) Calculate the wavelength in nm of an emission line of cadmium with a frequency of 1.311 x 1015 Hz. (B) Calculate the wavenumber in cm-1 of an infrared absorption peak with an associated energy of 5.656 x 10-20 J. Report answers to 4 sig figsarrow_forward
- 3.) The accuracy of a spectrophotometer is evaluated by preparing a solution of 60.06 ppm K2Cr2O7 and measuring its absorbance at a wavelength of 350 nm in a cell with a pathlength of 1.00 cm. The expected absorbance is 0.640. What is the expected molar absorptivity of K2Cr2O7 at this wavelength?arrow_forward(a) Draw a block diagram of an atomic absorption spectrometer (AAS). Briefly describe the function of each components. (b) What is the process of atomization in atomic absorption spectrometer? Describe the steps of the process in the correct sequence. (c) State TWO interferences that are encountered in atomic absorption spectrometer. Suggest ONE solution to overcome the problem. (d.) What is the main difference, in terms of instrumentation, between atomic absorption spectrometer and atomic emission spectroscopy?arrow_forward(c) Aqueous solutions of Co2+ salts are pale pink. They contain the complex ion [Co(H₂O)]2+. Addition of concentrated HCl results in a profound colour change to dark blue, due to formation of [CoC14]. The main absorption bands of [Co(H₂O)6]2+ and [CoC14] occur at 19400 cm¹ (~10 M¹ cm') and 14700 cm¹ (~ 1000 M¹ cm¹), respectively. (i) Explain the difference in the transition energies between the two complexes. (ii) Explain why the absorption band of [CoC14]² is much more intense than that of [Co(H2O)%]2+. (d) Calculate the ligand field stabilisation energy of the following complexes: (i) [Mn(H₂O)6]2+ (ii) [Fe(CN)6]³ (iii) [CoC14]²-arrow_forward
- The molar absorptivity (ε) of the FeSCN2+ complex ion is 4700 M-1 · cm-1 at a wavelength of 450 nm. Using a 1-cm sample tube, you measure the absorbance as (2.0x10-1). What is the concentration of FeSCN2+?arrow_forwardDescribe the application of AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry) analytical methods for gold, copper and iron ore deposit evaluation which involve surface and subsurface geochemical sampling in a tropical environment.arrow_forwardWhat color would you expect for light transmitted through a solution with an absorption maximum at (a) 450; (b) 550; (c) 650 nm?arrow_forward
Principles of Instrumental AnalysisChemistryISBN:9781305577213Author:Douglas A. Skoog, F. James Holler, Stanley R. CrouchPublisher:Cengage Learning