Chapter 7, Problem 7.48P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The water temperate, the liquid and head space volume (L), and the mass of water vapor in the head space (kg) at time t₁ should be determined.

Concept introduction:

All the properties of liquid and vapor of water, enthalpy, specific volume, and specific entropy vary with change with saturation pressure.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The water temperature, the liquid and head space volume (L), and the mass of water vapor in(g) that evaporates between t₁ and t₂ should be determined.

Concept introduction:

The energy transfer properties of saturated water can be calculated by saturated steam table. If pressure is given then we can find value of temperature and same with if temperature given we can find other properties such as enthalpy, specific volume etc.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The amount of heat (kJ) transferred to the tank contains between t₁ and t₂ should be calculated and two resins why the actual heat input to the tank must have been greater than the calculated value should be given.

Concept introduction:

Sum of the heat of liquid and vapor at t₁ gives total heat contains in the tank similarly at t₂ we can calculate total heat contains. And difference of heat contains at t₂ and t₁ gives heat transferred to the tank between t₁ and t₂.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The three different factors responsible for the increase in pressure resulting from the transfer of heat to the tank should be listed.

Concept introduction:

If increase the temperature vaporization increases and pressure increases, density of liquid decrease, because system is closed system.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The ways in which this accident could have been avoided should be listed.

Concept introduction:

Sensors play an important role in such situation because if processes cross the set point processes automatic open safety valve.

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation:

The temperature at which the valve is open and the rate at which the needed to release steam (kg/KJ of added heat) in order to keep the tank pressure from rising should be determined.

Concept introduction:

From stem table find the corresponding value at 10 bars. In this case saturated steam table give the other properties such as enthalpy, specific volume etc.