Precalculus: Mathematics for Calculus - 6th Edition
Precalculus: Mathematics for Calculus - 6th Edition
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780840068071
Author: Stewart, James, Redlin, Lothar, Watson, Saleem
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 7.3, Problem 101E

(a)

To determine

To show: that there is a polynomial P(t) of degree 4 such that cos4x=P(cosx) .

(a)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Explanation of Solution

Rewrite cos4x as,

  cos(2x+2x)

Using formula for Cosine, cos(s+t)=cosscostsinssint , get

  cos(2x+2x)=cos2xcos2xsin2xsin2x=cos22xsin22x

Using the Pythagorean identify, sin2x=1cos2x , get

  cos22xsin22x=cos22x(1cos22x)=cos22x1+cos22x=2cos22x1

Since, cos22x can be written as (cos2x)2 , hence

  2cos22x1=2(cos2x)21

Using formula for cosine, cos2x=2cos2x1 , get

  2cos22x1=2(2cos2x1)21

Using the identity (ab)2=a22ab+b2 , with the first term of expression, get

  2cos22x1=2((2cos2x)2(2cos2x)(1)+(1)2)1

Simplifying the terms on parentheses, get

  2(4cos4x4cos2x+1)1

Multiplying the terms in parentheses with 2, get

  8cos4x8cos2x+21=8cos4x8cos2x+1

Thus, cos4x is a polynomial of degree 4.

(b)

To determine

To show: that there is a polynomial Q(t) of degree 5 such that cos5x=Q(cosx) .

(b)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Explanation of Solution

Rewrite cos5x as,

  cos(3x+2x)

Using formula for Cosine, cos(s+t)=cosscostsinssint , and substituting s=3x and t=2x , get

  cos(3x+2x)=cos3xcos2xsin3xsin2x

Using a triple angle formula cos3x=4cos3x3cosx and formula for cosine,

  cos2x=2cos2x1 , with the first term of the expression and triple angle formula,

  sin3x=3sinx4sin3x and formula for sin, sin2x=2sinxcosx with the second term of the expression, get

  cos3xcos2xsin3xsin2x=(4cos3x3cosx)(2cos2x1)(3sinx4sin3x)×2sinxcosx=(8cos5x4cos3x6cos3x+3cosx)(6sin2xcosx8sin4xcosx)=(8cos5x10cos3x+3cosx)(6sin2xcosx8sin4xcosx)

Using the Pythagorean identity, sin2x=1cos2x in the first term of the second parentheses and writing

  sin4x=(sin2x)2=(1cos2x)2

In the second term of the second parentheses, get

  (8cos5x10cos3x+3cosx)(6sin2xcosx8sin4xcosx)=8cos5x10cos3x+3cosx((6(1cos2x)cosx8(1cos2x)cosx))=8cos5x10cos3x+3cosx(6cosx6cos3x8cosx(12cos2x+cos4x))=8cos5x10cos3x+3cosx6cosx+6cos3x+8cosx16cos3x+8cos5x

Combining the like terms, get

  16cos5x20cos3x+5cosx .

Thus, cos5x is a polynomial of degree 5.

Chapter 7 Solutions

Precalculus: Mathematics for Calculus - 6th Edition

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Prob. 24ECh. 7.4 - Prob. 25ECh. 7.4 - Prob. 26ECh. 7.4 - Prob. 27ECh. 7.4 - Prob. 28ECh. 7.4 - Prob. 29ECh. 7.4 - Prob. 30ECh. 7.4 - Prob. 31ECh. 7.4 - Prob. 32ECh. 7.4 - Prob. 33ECh. 7.4 - Prob. 34ECh. 7.4 - Prob. 35ECh. 7.4 - Prob. 36ECh. 7.4 - Prob. 37ECh. 7.4 - Prob. 38ECh. 7.4 - Prob. 39ECh. 7.4 - Prob. 40ECh. 7.4 - Prob. 41ECh. 7.4 - Prob. 42ECh. 7.4 - Prob. 43ECh. 7.4 - Prob. 44ECh. 7.4 - Prob. 45ECh. 7.4 - Prob. 46ECh. 7.4 - Prob. 47ECh. 7.4 - Prob. 48ECh. 7.4 - Prob. 49ECh. 7.4 - Prob. 50ECh. 7.4 - Prob. 51ECh. 7.4 - Prob. 52ECh. 7.4 - Prob. 53ECh. 7.4 - Prob. 54ECh. 7.4 - Prob. 55ECh. 7.4 - Prob. 56ECh. 7.4 - Refraction of Light It has been observed since...Ch. 7.4 - Total Internal Reflection When light passes from a...Ch. 7.4 - Phases of the Moon As the moon revolves around the...Ch. 7.4 - Prob. 60ECh. 7.5 - We can use identities to help us solve...Ch. 7.5 - We can use identities to help us solve...Ch. 7.5 - Prob. 3ECh. 7.5 - Prob. 4ECh. 7.5 - Prob. 5ECh. 7.5 - Prob. 6ECh. 7.5 - 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Prob. 60ECh. 7.5 - Prob. 61ECh. 7.5 - Prob. 62ECh. 7.5 - Prob. 63ECh. 7.5 - Damped Vibrations The displacement of a spring...Ch. 7.5 - Hours of Daylight In Philadelphia the number of...Ch. 7.5 - Belts and Pulleys A thin belt of length L...Ch. 7.5 - Prob. 67ECh. 7 - Prob. 1RCCCh. 7 - Prob. 2RCCCh. 7 - Prob. 3RCCCh. 7 - Prob. 4RCCCh. 7 - Prob. 5RCCCh. 7 - Prob. 6RCCCh. 7 - Prob. 7RCCCh. 7 - Prob. 8RCCCh. 7 - Prob. 1RECh. 7 - Prob. 2RECh. 7 - Prob. 3RECh. 7 - Prob. 4RECh. 7 - Prob. 5RECh. 7 - Prob. 6RECh. 7 - Prob. 7RECh. 7 - Prob. 8RECh. 7 - Prob. 9RECh. 7 - Prob. 10RECh. 7 - Prob. 11RECh. 7 - Prob. 12RECh. 7 - Prob. 13RECh. 7 - Prob. 14RECh. 7 - Prob. 15RECh. 7 - Prob. 16RECh. 7 - Prob. 17RECh. 7 - Prob. 18RECh. 7 - Prob. 19RECh. 7 - Prob. 20RECh. 7 - Prob. 21RECh. 7 - Prob. 22RECh. 7 - Prob. 23RECh. 7 - Prob. 24RECh. 7 - Prob. 25RECh. 7 - Prob. 26RECh. 7 - Prob. 27RECh. 7 - Prob. 28RECh. 7 - Prob. 29RECh. 7 - Prob. 30RECh. 7 - Prob. 31RECh. 7 - Prob. 32RECh. 7 - Prob. 33RECh. 7 - Prob. 34RECh. 7 - 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(a) sin 8...Ch. 7 - For the angles and in the figures, find cos( +...Ch. 7 - Prob. 5TCh. 7 - Prob. 6TCh. 7 - Prob. 7TCh. 7 - Prob. 8TCh. 7 - Find the exact value of cos(2tan1940).Ch. 7 - Rewrite the expression as an algebraic function of...Ch. 7 - Wave on a Canal A wave on the surface of a long...Ch. 7 - Prob. 2PCh. 7 - Traveling Wave A traveling wave is graphed at the...Ch. 7 - Traveling Wave A traveling wave has period 2/3,...Ch. 7 - Standing Wave A standing wave with amplitude 0.6...Ch. 7 - Prob. 6PCh. 7 - Prob. 7PCh. 7 - Prob. 8PCh. 7 - Prob. 1CRTCh. 7 - Prob. 2CRTCh. 7 - Prob. 3CRTCh. 7 - Prob. 4CRTCh. 7 - Prob. 5CRTCh. 7 - Prob. 6CRTCh. 7 - Prob. 7CRTCh. 7 - Prob. 8CRTCh. 7 - Prob. 9CRTCh. 7 - Prob. 10CRTCh. 7 - Prob. 11CRTCh. 7 - Prob. 12CRT
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