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9th Edition
ISBN: 9781305779372
Author: Jay L. Devore
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 7.3, Problem 35E
Silicone implant augmentation rhinoplasty is used to correct congenital nose deformities. The success of the procedure depends on various biomechanical properties of the human nasal periosteum and fascia. The article “Biomechanics in Augmentation Rhinoplasty” (J. of Med. Engr. and Tech., 2005: 14–17) reported that for a sample of 15 (newly deceased) adults, the
- a. Assuming a normal distribution for failure strain, estimate true average strain in a way that conveys information about precision and reliability.
- b. Predict the strain for a single adult in a way that conveys information about precision and reliability. How does the prediction compare to the estimate calculated in part (a)?
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A study was made of 413 children who were hospitalized as a result of motor vehicle crashes. Among 290 children who were not using seat
belts, 60 were injured severely. Among 123 children using seat belts, 16 were injured severely (based on data from "Morbidity Among Pediatric
Motor Vehicle Crash Victims: The Effectiveness of Seat Belts," by Osberg and Di Scala, American Journal of Public Health, Vol. 82, No. 3).
For this problem we want to know, is there sufficient sample evidence to conclude, at the 0.05 significance level, that the proportion of severe
injuries is higher for children not wearing seat belts?
Let pi be the proportion of severe injuries among all children not wearing seatbelts and who were involved in crashes.
Let p2 be the proportion of severe injuries among all children wearing seatbelts and who were involved in crashes.
Which is the proper expression of Ho?
Pi = P2
O Pi P2
Which is the proper expression of H1?
O pi P2
Calculate p1 to 4 decimal places:
Calculate p,…
The authors of the paper "Statistical Methods for Assessing Agreement Between Two Methods of Clinical Measurement"† compared two different instruments for measuring a person's ability to breathe out air. (This measurement is helpful in diagnosing various lung disorders.) The two instruments considered were a Wright peak flow meter and a mini-Wright peak flow meter. Seventeen people participated in the study, and for each person air flow was measured once using the Wright meter and once using the mini-Wright meter.
Subject
Mini-WrightMeter
WrightMeter
Subject
Mini-WrightMeter
WrightMeter
1
512
494
10
445
433
2
430
395
11
432
417
3
520
516
12
626
656
4
428
434
13
260
267
5
500
476
14
477
478
6
600
557
15
259
178
7
364
413
16
350
423
8
380
442
17
451
427
9
658
650
(a)
Suppose that the Wright meter is considered to provide a better measure of air flow, but the mini-Wright meter is easier to transport and to use. If the two types of meters produce different…
The authors of the paper "Statistical Methods for Assessing Agreement Between Two Methods of Clinical Measurement"† compared two different instruments for measuring a person's ability to breathe out air. (This measurement is helpful in diagnosing various lung disorders.) The two instruments considered were a Wright peak flow meter and a mini-Wright peak flow meter. Seventeen people participated in the study, and for each person air flow was measured once using the Wright meter and once using the mini-Wright meter.
Subject
Mini-WrightMeter
WrightMeter
Subject
Mini-WrightMeter
WrightMeter
1
512
494
10
445
433
2
430
395
11
432
417
3
520
516
12
626
656
4
428
434
13
260
267
5
500
476
14
477
478
6
600
557
15
259
178
7
364
413
16
350
423
8
380
442
17
451
427
9
658
650
(a)
Suppose that the Wright meter is considered to provide a better measure of air flow, but the mini-Wright meter is easier to transport and to use. If the two types of meters produce…
Chapter 7 Solutions
Bundle: Probability and Statistics for Engineering and the Sciences, 9th + WebAssign Printed Access Card for Devore's Probability and Statistics for ... and the Sciences, 9th Edition, Single-Term
Ch. 7.1 - Consider a normal population distribution with the...Ch. 7.1 - Each of the following is a confidence interval for...Ch. 7.1 - Suppose that a random sample of 50 bottles of a...Ch. 7.1 - A CI is desired for the true average stray-load...Ch. 7.1 - Assume that the helium porosity (in percentage) of...Ch. 7.1 - On the basis of extensive tests, the yield point...Ch. 7.1 - By how much must the sample size n be increased if...Ch. 7.1 - Let 1 0, 2 0, with 1 + 2 = . Then P(z1X-/nz2)=1-...Ch. 7.1 - a. Under the same conditions as those leading to...Ch. 7.1 - A random sample of n = 15 heat pumps of a certain...
Ch. 7.1 - Consider the next 1000 95% CIs for that a...Ch. 7.2 - The following observations are lifetimes (days)...Ch. 7.2 - The article Gas Cooking. Kitchen Ventilation, and...Ch. 7.2 - The negative effects of ambient air pollution on...Ch. 7.2 - Determine the confidence level for each of the...Ch. 7.2 - The alternating current (AC) breakdown voltage of...Ch. 7.2 - Exercise 1.13 gave a sample of ultimate tensile...Ch. 7.2 - The U.S. Army commissioned a study to assess how...Ch. 7.2 - The article Limited Yield Estimation for Visual...Ch. 7.2 - TV advertising agencies face increasing challenges...Ch. 7.2 - In a sample of 1000 randomly selected consumers...Ch. 7.2 - The technology underlying hip replacements has...Ch. 7.2 - The Pew Forum on Religion and Public Life reported...Ch. 7.2 - A sample of 56 research cotton samples resulted in...Ch. 7.2 - The Pew Forum on Religion and Public Life reported...Ch. 7.2 - The superintendent of a large school district,...Ch. 7.2 - Reconsider the CI (7.10) for p, and focus on a...Ch. 7.3 - Determine the values of the following quantities:...Ch. 7.3 - Determine the t critical value(s) that will...Ch. 7.3 - Determine the t critical value for a two-sided...Ch. 7.3 - Determine the t critical value for a lower or an...Ch. 7.3 - According to the article Fatigue Testing of...Ch. 7.3 - The article Measuring and Understanding the Aging...Ch. 7.3 - A sample of 14 joint specimens of a particular...Ch. 7.3 - Silicone implant augmentation rhinoplasty is used...Ch. 7.3 - A normal probability plot of the n = 26...Ch. 7.3 - A study of the ability of individuals to walk in a...Ch. 7.3 - Ultra high performance concrete (UHPC) is a...Ch. 7.3 - Exercise 72 of Chapter 1 gave the following...Ch. 7.3 - Prob. 40ECh. 7.3 - A more extensive tabulation of t critical values...Ch. 7.4 - Determine the values of the following quantities:...Ch. 7.4 - Determine the following: a. The 95th percentile of...Ch. 7.4 - The amount of lateral expansion (mils) was...Ch. 7.4 - Wire electrical-discharge machining (WEDM) is a...Ch. 7.4 - Wire electrical-discharge machining (WEDM) is a...Ch. 7 - Example 1.11 introduced the accompanying...Ch. 7 - The article Distributions of Compressive Strength...Ch. 7 - For those of you who dont already know, dragon...Ch. 7 - A journal article reports that a sample of size 5...Ch. 7 - Unexplained respiratory symptoms reported by...Ch. 7 - High concentration of the toxic element arsenic is...Ch. 7 - Aphid infestation of fruit trees can be controlled...Ch. 7 - It is important that face masks used by...Ch. 7 - A manufacturer of college textbooks is interested...Ch. 7 - The accompanying data on crack initiation depth...Ch. 7 - In Example 6.8, we introduced the concept of a...Ch. 7 - Prob. 58SECh. 7 - Prob. 59SECh. 7 - Prob. 60SECh. 7 - Prob. 61SECh. 7 - Prob. 62SE
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- A study was made of 425 children who were hospitalized as a result of motor vehicle crashes. Among 300 children who were not using seat belts, 50 were injured severely. Among 125 children using seat belts, 10 were injured severely (based on data from "Morbidity Among Pediatric Motor Vehicle Crash Victims: The Effectiveness of Seat Belts," by Osberg and Di Scala, American Journal of Public Health, Vol. 82, No. 3). For this problem we want to know, is there sufficient sample evidence to conclude, at the 0.05 significance level, that the proportion of severe injuries is higher for children not wearing seat belts? Let pi be the proportion of severe injuries among all children not wearing seatbelts and who were involved in crashes. Let p2 be the proportion of severe injuries among all children wearing seatbelts and who were involved in crashes. Which is the proper expression of Ho? P1 > P2 P1 P2 Calculate p1 to 4 decimal places: Calculate p2 to 4 decimal places: Calculate the pooled sample…arrow_forwardThe article “Arsenic and Mercury in Lake Whitefish and Burbot Near the Abandoned Giant Mine on Great Slave Lake” (P. Cott, B. Zajdlik, et al., Journal of Great Lakes Research, 2016:223–232) presents measurements of arsenic concentrations in fish found in Northern Canada. a) In a sample of 8 whitefish caught in Yellowknife Bay, the mean arsenic concentration in the liver was 0.32 mg/kg, with a standard deviation of 0.05 mg/kg. Find a 95% confidence interval for the concentration in whitefish found in Yellowknife Bay. b) In a sample of 8 whitefish caught in Baker Pond, the mean arsenic concentration in the liver was 0.55 mg/kg, with a standard deviation of 0.36 mg/kg. Should the Student’s t distribution be used to find a 95% confidence interval for the concentration in whitefish found in Baker Pond? If so, find the confidence interval. If not, explain why not.arrow_forwardBlood cocaine concentration (mg/L) was determinedboth for a sample of individuals who had died fromcocaine-induced excited delirium (ED) and for a sampleof those who had died from a cocaine overdose withoutexcited delirium; survival time for people in bothgroups was at most 6 hours. The accompanying datawas read from a comparative boxplot in the article“Fatal Excited Delirium Following Cocaine Use” (J.of Forensic Sciences, 1997: 25–31). ED 0 0 0 0 .1 .1 .1 .1 .2 .2 .3 .3.3 .4 .5 .7 .8 1.0 1.5 2.7 2.83.5 4.0 8.9 9.2 11.7 21.0Non-ED 0 0 0 0 0 .1 .1 .1 .1 .2 .2 .2.3 .3 .3 .4 .5 .5 .6 .8 .9 1.01.2 1.4 1.5 1.7 2.0 3.2 3.5 4.14.3 4.8 5.0 5.6 5.9 6.0 6.4 7.98.3 8.7 9.1 9.6 9.9 11.0 11.512.2 12.7 14.0 16.6 17.8 a. Determine the medians, fourths, and fourth spreadsfor the two samples.b. Are there any outliers in either sample? Any extremeoutliers?c. Construct a comparative boxplot, and use it as abasis for comparing and contrasting the ED andnon-ED samples.arrow_forward
- Cadmium, a heavy metal, is toxic to animals. Mushrooms, however, are able to absorb and accumulate cadmium at high concentrations. The Czech and Slovak governments have set a safety limit for cadmium in dry vegetables at 0.5 part per million (ppm). M. Melgar et al. measured the cadmium levels in a random sample of the edible mushroom Boletus pinicola and published the results in the paper “Influence of Some Factors in Toxicity and Accumulation of Cd from Edible Wild Macrofungi in NW Spain” (Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Vol. B33(4), pp. 439–455). A hypothesis test is to be performed to decide whether the mean cadmium level in Boletus pinicola mushrooms is greater than the government’s recommended limit. Hypothesis tests are proposed. For each hypothesis test,a. determine the null hypothesis.b. determine the alternative hypothesis.c. classify the hypothesis test as two tailed, left tailed, or right tailed.arrow_forwardThe article “Arsenic and Mercury in Lake Whitefish and Burbot Near the Abandoned Giant Mine on Great Slave Lake” (P. Cott, B. Zajdlik, et al., Journal of Great Lakes Research, 2016:223–232) presents measurements of arsenic concentrations in fish found in Northern Canada. In a sample of 8 whitefish caught in Yellowknife Bay, the mean arsenic concentration in the liver was 0.32 mg/kg, with a standard deviation of 0.05 mg/kg. Can you conclude that the mean arsenic concentration in whitefish in Yellowknife Bay is greater than 0.3 mg/kg?arrow_forwardDetermine the kurtosis if the data given is a sample.arrow_forward
- Contamination of various food products is an ongoingproblem all over the world. The article “Prevalence andQuantitative Detection of Salmonella in Retail RawChicken in Shaanxi, China” (J. of Food Production,2013) reported the following data on the occurrence ofsalmonella in chicken of three different types: (1) supermarketchilled, (2) supermarket frozen, and (3) wetmarket fresh slaughtered.Sample Size# SalmonellaPositive Samples1. 60 27Type 2. 60 323. 120 45Does it appear that the incidence rate of salmonellaoccurrence depends on the type of chicken? State andtest the appropriate hypotheses using a significance levelof .05.arrow_forwardThe paper “Effect of long-term blood pressure control on salt sensitivity” [Journal of Medicine (1997) 28:147–156] describes a study evaluating salt sensitivity (SENS) after a period of antihypertensive treatment. Ten hypertensive patients (diastolic blood pressure between 90 and 115 mmHg) were studied after at least 18 months on antihypertensive treatment. SENS readings, which were obtained before and after the patients were placed on an antihypertensive treatment, are given in the table. 'Before' 'After' 22.86 6.11 7.74 -4.02 15.49 8.04 9.97 3.29 1.44 -0.77 9.39 6.99 11.4 10.19 1.86 2.09 -6.71 11.4 6.42 10.7 a) Write the null and alternate hypotheses What test will be used to test the hypothesis and what assumptions are required? test them. Is there significant evidence that the mean SENS value decreased after the patient received antihypertensive treatment?arrow_forward27. No Variation in a Sample An experiment was conducted to test the effects of alcohol. Re- searchers measured the breath alcohol levels for a treatment group of people who drank ethanol and another group given a placebo. The results are given below (based on data from "Effects of Alcohol Intoxication on Risk Taking, Strategy, and Error Rate in Visuomotor Performance," by Streufert et al., Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol. 77, No. 4). Use a 0.05 significance level to test the claim that the two sample groups come from populations with the same mean. Treatment Group: nj 22, x¡ 0.049, s = 0.015 %3D %3D Placebo Group: n = 22, x, 0.000, s, = 0.000 %3D %3Darrow_forward
- The yield of alfalfa from a random sample of six test plots is 1.4, 1.6, 0.9, 1.9, 2.2,and 1.2 tons per acre. Assume the data can be looked upon as a sample from anormal population. Test at the 0.05 level of significance whether this supports thecontention that the average yield for this kind of alfalfa is 1.5 tones per acre.arrow_forwardThe authors of the paper "Statistical Methods for Assessing Agreement Between Two Methods of Clinical Measurement" compared two different instruments for measuring a subject's ability to breathe out air.+ (This measurement is helpful in diagnosing various lung disorders.) The two instruments considered were a Wright peak flow meter and a mini-Wright peak flow meter. Seventeen subjects participated in the study, and for each subject air flow was measured once using the Wright meter and once using the mini-Wright meter. Mini- Subject Wright Meter 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 512 430 520 428 500 600 364 380 658 Wright Meter 494 395 516 434 476 557 413 442 650 Subject 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 Mini- Wright Meter 445 432 626 260 477 259 350 451 Wright Meter 433 417 656 267 478 178 423 427 (a) Suppose that the Wright meter is considered to provide a better measure of air flow, but the mini-Wright meter is easier to transport and to use. If the two types of meters produce different readings but there is a…arrow_forwardPatients with rheumatoid arthritis are at a greater risk of developing osteoporosis. The reasons are not well understood due to the difficulty in qualitatively assessing bone metabolism and mineral content. A researcher measures human calcitonin (HCT) levels in men with rheumatoidarthritis. The researcher randomly selects 43 men with rheumatoid arthritis and measured the mean HCT level of 33.8 pg/mL. Assume that HCT for individuals with rheumatoid arthritis follows a normal distribution with standard deviation σ = 23.6 pg/mL. 6. Describe the effect on your confidence interval if you increase or decrease the samplesizearrow_forward
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