Concept explainers
ercise 7.4 Classify each of the following reactions in as many ways as possible.
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Chapter 7 Solutions
Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation
- The carbon dioxide exhaled in the breath of astronauts is often removed from the spacecraft by reaction with lithium hydroxide 2LiOH(s)+CO2(g)Li2CO3(s)+H2O(l) Estimate the grams of lithium hydroxide required per astronaut per day. Assume that each astronaut requires 2.50 103 kcal of energy per day. Further assume that this energy can be equated to the heat of combustion of a quantity of glucose, C6H12O6, to CO2(g) and H2O(l). From the amount of glucose required to give 2.50 103 kcal of heat, calculate the amount of CO2 produced and hence the amount of LiOH required. The H for glucose(s) is 1273 kJ/mol.arrow_forwardThe equation for the fermentation of glucose to alcohol and carbon dioxide is: C6H12O6(aq) 2C2H5OH(aq) + 2CO2(g) The enthalpy change for the reaction is 67 kJ. Is this reaction exothermic or endothermic? Is energy, in the form of heat, absorbed or evolved as the reaction occurs?arrow_forwardA rebreathing gas mask contains potassium superoxide, KO2, which reacts with moisture in the breath to give oxygen. 4KO2(s)+2H2O(l)4KOH(s)+3O2(g) Estimate the grams of potassium superoxide required to supply a persons oxygen needs for one hour. Assume a person requires 1.00 102 kcal of energy for this time period. Further assume that this energy can be equated to the heat of combustion of a quantity of glucose, C6H12O6, to CO2(g) and H2O(l). From the amount of glucose required to give 1.00 102 kcal of heat, calculate the amount of oxygen consumed and hence the amount of KO2 required. The ff0 for glucose(s) is 1273 kJ/mol.arrow_forward
- The reaction of quicklime, CaO, with water produces slaked lime, Ca(OH)2, which is widely used in the construction industry to make mortar and plaster. The reaction of quicklime and water is highly exothermic: CaO(s)+H2O(l)Ca(OH)2(s)H=350kJmol1 (a) What is the enthalpy of reaction per gram of quicklime that reacts?. (b) How much heat, in kilojoules, is associated with the production of 1 ton of slaked lime?arrow_forwardWhen lightning strikes, the energy can force atmospheric nitrogen and oxygen to react to make NO: N2(g)+O2(g)2NO(g)H=+181.8kJ (a) Is this reaction endothermic or exothermic? (b) What quantities of reactants and products are assumed if H = +181.8 kJ? (c) What is the enthalpy change when 3.50 g nitrogen is reacted with excess O2(g)?arrow_forwardNitrogen monoxide, a gas recently found to be involved in a wide range of biological processes, reacts with oxygen to give brown NO2 gas. 2 NO(g) + O2(g) NO2(g)rH = 114.1 kJ/mol-rxn Is this reaction endothermic or exothermic? What is the enthalpy change if 1.25 g of NO is converted completely to NO2?arrow_forward
- calculate the reaction energy of the following reactions and then determine if they are endothermic or exothermic: 3H2 + N2 => 2NH3arrow_forwardWhat is the enthalpy change, Delta Hrxn, for the following reaction? 2 NaOH (s) + CO2 (g) → Na2CO3 (s) + H2O (l)arrow_forwardWrite the chemical equation for the enthalpy of formation reaction for (NH4)2CO3 (s).arrow_forward
- Hydrazine, N2H4, is a colorless liquid used as a rocket fuel. Which of the reactions represents the formation reaction of hydrazine? a. N2 (g) + 2 H2 (g) → N2H4 (l) b. 2 N2 (g) + 4 H2 (g) → 2 N2H4 (l) c. 1212 N2 (g) + 2 H2 (g) → N2H4 (l) d. N2 (l) + 2 H2 (l) → N2H4 (l) e. N2H4 (l) → N2 (g) + 2 H2 (g)arrow_forwardcalculate the reaction energy of the following reactions and then determine if they are endothermic or exothermic:CH4 + 2O2 => CO2 + 2H2Oarrow_forwardWhich one of the following reactions has ∆S°rxn < 0? A. Combustion of glucose, C6H12O6(s) B. Formation reaction of CS2(g) C. Formation reaction of COS(g) D. None of the reactions listed E. Formation reaction of HBr(g)arrow_forward
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