CAMPBELL BIOLOGY (LL)-W/MOD.MASTERING.
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134819822
Author: Urry
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Question
Chapter 8, Problem 11TYU
Summary Introduction
To explain: The kinetic and potential energy in the penguins jump that are jumping into water, the energy conversions when the penguins climb back on the glacier after eating fishes, and the role of enzymes and ATP in the
Introduction: The penguins jump from the glacier into the ocean to catch fish. The potential energy conserved in their body, due to the height of the glacier is converted into the kinetic energy of motion. This is according to the law of conservation of energy.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
Explain what is happening in this photo in terms of kineticenergy and potential energy. Include the energy conversionsthat occur when the penguins eat fish and climb back upon the glacier. Describe the role of ATP and enzymes in theunderlying molecular processes, including what happens tothe free energy of some of the molecules involved.
1) Define metabolism and describe the importance of metabolism to life.
2) Calculate the change in free energy (∆G ) for the below reaction and answer the two follow up questions:
Gfinal state = 3.4 kcal/ mol and Ginitial state = 10.7 kcal/ mol
Recall: ∆G = Gfinal state – Ginitial state
a. Is this a spontaneous or non-spontaneous reaction? Explain.
b. Is there energy released from this reaction which can be used to do work? Explain.
2) List four conditions which impact an enzymes rate of activity. Explain.
General Biology 1
Explain the answers to A and B in great length (a couple of medium to long paragraphs). Give a coherent and relevant answer.
A. What are the two forms of Energy? Give examples on each form. Hint: Mechanical energy, chemical energy, and electrical energy.
B. Summarize the Laws of Thermodynamics.
Chapter 8 Solutions
CAMPBELL BIOLOGY (LL)-W/MOD.MASTERING.
Ch. 8.1 - MAKE CONNECTIONS How does the second law of...Ch. 8.1 - Describe the forms of energy found in an apple as...Ch. 8.1 - WHAT IF? If you place a teaspoon of sugar in the...Ch. 8.2 - Cellular respiration uses glucose and oxygen,...Ch. 8.2 - VISUAL SKILLS How would the processes of...Ch. 8.2 - WHAT IF? Some nighttime partygoers wear glow-in-...Ch. 8.3 - How does ATP typically transfer energy from an...Ch. 8.3 - Prob. 2CCCh. 8.3 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Does Figure 8.11a show passive...Ch. 8.4 - Many spontaneous reactions occur very slowly. Why...
Ch. 8.4 - Prob. 2CCCh. 8.4 - WHAT IF? Malonate is an inhibitor of the enzyme...Ch. 8.4 - Prob. 4CCCh. 8.5 - How do an activator and an inhibitor have...Ch. 8.5 - Prob. 2CCCh. 8 - Explain how the highly ordered structure of a cell...Ch. 8 - Explain the meaning of each component in the...Ch. 8 - Describe the ATP cycle: How is ATP used and...Ch. 8 - How do both activation energy barriers and enzymes...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.5CRCh. 8 - Choose the pair of terms that correctly completes...Ch. 8 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 8 - Which of the following metabolic processes can...Ch. 8 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 8 - Some bacteria art metabolically active in hot...Ch. 8 - If an enzyme is added to a solution where its...Ch. 8 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 8 - EVOLUTION CONNECTION Some people argue that...Ch. 8 - Prob. 9TYUCh. 8 - WRITE ABOUT A THEME: ENERGY AND MATTER Life...Ch. 8 - Prob. 11TYU
Knowledge Booster
Similar questions
- Test Your Understanding Know and Comprehend 7. In a redox reaction, (a) energy is transferred from a reducing agent to an oxidizing agent (b) a reducing agent becomes oxidized as it accepts an electron (c) an oxidizing agent accepts a proton (d) a reducing agent donates a proton (e) the electrons in an atom move from its valence shell to a shell closer to its nucleusarrow_forwardRelating to bioenergetics: a. The equilibrium constant for a particular reaction is 6.8 x 10-5 which makes this reaction exergonic. True or False?b. All processes that occur in the universe are spontaneous and have low enough activation energies that molecules can often overcome the energy barrier. True or False?c. ATP has a highly negative free energy change in part because the negative charges on the oxygens repel each other in ATP but less so in ADP. True or False?arrow_forwardCompare the structures of ATP to these nucleic acids: cCAMP, dinucleotides, RNA, DNA. Your comparisons should include both similarities and differences. Your comparisons should:arrow_forward
- Thank you in advance!Based on the model on the picture, please help me identify these (even with no explanation): 4 What are the factors that affect △G? 5. What is energy coupling? In a coupling reaction, what must be the overall value of △G? 6. What does the cell do with the energy produced from exergonic reactions? 7. What molecule does the cell use as an energy carrier? Draw its structure. 8. Why is it that this energy carrier is considered to be high energy containing phosphate? 9. Bond of this energy carrier of cells is broken through what?arrow_forwardBrewing beer and the determining how to increase ABV involves understanding a little chemistry. Beer is produced with 5 basic ingredients grains, yeast, hops, and water. Grsains contain sugar which ferment into alchol and carbon dioxide. The system of equation that results is: 6x=2z+w 12x+2y=6z 6x+y=z+2w Where x is the number of sugar molecules, y is the number of molecules, z is the number of ethanol molecules and w is the number of dioxide molecules. If 8 molecures of sugar are used the determine the number of ethanol and carbon dioxide moleucles that would be the result _______ ethanol molecules, __________ carbon dioxide moleculesarrow_forward2. a) Compare anabolism and catabolism for energy input, monomers and polymers position as reactants or products. b) Why are considerations of enzymes important for discussions of cellular energetics? c) Why is ATP called the "currency" of the cell? Is ATP a short term or long term energy storage molecule? d) Compare the following reactions: 6CO2+6H2O+energy → +C6H12O6+6O2 and C6H12O6+6O2→6CO2+6H2O+energyarrow_forward
- Which statements are true and which are false? Modify each false statement so that it reads correctly. a. In a closed system, neither energy nor matter is exchanged with the surroundings. b. State functions are independent of the pathway. c. A process is isothermic if ΔH = 0. d. The sign and magnitude of ΔG give important information about the direction and rate of a reaction. e. At equilibrium, ΔG = ΔG°. f. For two reactions to be coupled, they must have a common intermediate.arrow_forwardTest Your Understanding 8. Induced fit means that when a substrate binds to an enzymes active site, (a) it fits perfectly, like a key in a lock (b) the substrate and enzyme undergo conformational changes (c) a site other than the active site undergoes a conformational change (d) the substrate and the enzyme become irreversibly bound to each other (e) c and darrow_forwardFigure 4.5 Energy inputs and outputs in chemical reactions. 1 Some reactions convert molecules with lower energy to molecules with higher energy, so they require a net energy input in order to proceed. 2 Other reactions convert molecules with higher energy to molecules with lower energy, so they end with an energy release Figure It Out: Which law of thermodynamics explains energy inputs and outputs in chemical reactions?arrow_forward
- Test Your Understanding Apply and Analyze 14. Consider the following reaction (in water): HCl H+ + Cl Name the reactant(s) and product(s). Does the expression indicate that the reaction is reversible? Could HCl be used as a buffer?arrow_forwardI need help with a biology question, Choose the letter of the best match from the following: 1.The reactant on which the enzyme works A. Substrate, 2. Allosteric inhibibitor binds here; changes enzyme shape B. Non-catalytic binding site 3. spot on the enzyme where the reactant binds and is changed into product C. Active site 4. part of the complete enzyme complex; a non protein, organic component D. Coenzymearrow_forwardPlease help with hw :} ATP is the energy currency of the cell.a. What about the structure of ATP makes it effective at storing free energy? b. Define what is meant by an endergonic or exergonic reaction. c. Explain how ATP can facilitate chemical reactions in the cell, using the terms endergonic and exergonic d. An enzyme is a biological catalyst. Explain what that means in terms of chemical reactions, including a discussion of transition states. e. Do enzymes affect the overall free energy change of a reaction? Explain.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Biology Today and Tomorrow without Physiology (Mi...BiologyISBN:9781305117396Author:Cecie Starr, Christine Evers, Lisa StarrPublisher:Cengage LearningBiology (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781337392938Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. BergPublisher:Cengage LearningBiology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781305389892Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillanPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap ...BiologyISBN:9781285866932Author:Lauralee SherwoodPublisher:Cengage LearningBiochemistryBiochemistryISBN:9781305577206Author:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. GrishamPublisher:Cengage Learning
Biology Today and Tomorrow without Physiology (Mi...
Biology
ISBN:9781305117396
Author:Cecie Starr, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Biology (MindTap Course List)
Biology
ISBN:9781337392938
Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
Biology
ISBN:9781305389892
Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap ...
Biology
ISBN:9781285866932
Author:Lauralee Sherwood
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Biochemistry
Biochemistry
ISBN:9781305577206
Author:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham
Publisher:Cengage Learning