Concept explainers
Which of the following is True for one glucose molecule?
a. Fermentation produces 2 ATP.
b. Glycolysis followed by fermentation nets 4 ATP.
c. Ethanol is one end product of glycolysis.
d. The overall equation for photosynthesis is the reverse of that for aerobic glucose breakdown.
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Introduction:
In the body, there are trillions of cells and each cell is performing a function. The energy used to power these functions comes from the food that the organisms eat, but is not used in the same form. Rather, the energy in the food is converted into forms that the cell can utilize like adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
Answer to Problem 1MC
Correct answer:
The equation of glycolysis under aerobic conditions is the reverse of the photosynthesis.
Explanation of Solution
Explanation for the correct answer:
Option (d) is given that photosynthetic equation and the equation of glycolysis in the presence of oxygen are reversed with respect to each other. This is a true statement as in aerobic respiration; glucose is broken down into carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) in the presence of oxygen releasing energy. On the contrary, during photosynthesis, H2O and CO2 are utilized as reactants in the presence of sun’s energy to be converted into glucose and oxygen. Hence, option (d) is correct.
Justification for the incorrect answers:
Option (a) is given that two ATPs are produced by the process of fermentation. This is a false statement as fermentation does not produce ATP. Only nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) ions are regenerated. So, it is an incorrect option.
Option (b) is given that the net ATP production of glycolysis and fermentation combined is four. This is wrong as the glycolysis only produces two ATP molecules and fermentation produces none. So, it is an incorrect option.
Option (c) is given that at the end of glycolysis, ethanol is produced. This is a wrong statement as the production of ethanol occurs in the process of fermentation and not in glycolysis. So, it is an incorrect option.
Hence, options, (a), (b), and (c) are incorrect.
Thus, it can be concluded that the equation of glucose breakdown in the presence of oxygen is the reverse of the photosynthetic equation.
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Chapter 8 Solutions
BIOLOGY: LIFE ON EARTH-W/MASTERING ACCE
- Which of the following pathways requires molecular oxygen (O2)? a. aerobic respiration b. lactate formation c. alcoholic fermentation d. photosynthesisarrow_forwardWhat do the electrons added to NAD do? a. They become part of a fermentation pathway. b. They go to another pathway for ATP production. c. They energize the entry of the acetyl group into the citric acid cycle. d. They are converted into NADP.arrow_forwardTo reduce six molecules of carbon dioxide to glucose via photosynthesis, how many molecules of NADPH and ATP are required? a. 6 NADPH and 6 ATP b. 12 NADPH and 12 ATP c. 12 NADPH and 18 ATP d. 18 NADPH and 12 ATP e. 24 NADPH and 18 ATParrow_forward
- What is the difference between cellular respiration and fermentation? Select an answer. a) cellular respiration does not need oxygen, while fermentation needs oxygen b) cellular respiration needs oxygen, while fermentation does not need oxygen c) cellular respiration produces very little energy, while fermentation produces a lot of energy d) Almost all cells carry out fermentation, while few carry out cellular respirationarrow_forwardIf you took a well-watered corn plant and placed it in a dark atmosphere of helium and carbon dioxide, which process could occur? A. light-dependent reactions B. light-independent reactions C. citric acid cycle D. pyruvate oxidationarrow_forwardPlants undergo both photosynthesis and cellular respiration. Why don’t plants simply use the ATP pro¬duced in the light reactions of photosynthesis to drive cellular processes? A) The ATP produced during photosynthesis is chemically different from the ATP produced during cellular respiration and cannot be used for anabolic reactions B) ATP cannot be stockpiled so the plants would have no energy during non-daylight hours C) The plants have no way of getting the ATP made during photosynthesis out of the chloroplasts to the rest of the cell D) Plants rely on cellular respiration to remove excess O2 and prevent photorespirationarrow_forward
- Explain briefly why the following ideas are false. a. Photosynthesis is the food-making process done by plants. b The Calvin cycle was called the dark reactions because it can only take place in the absence of light. c. Photosynthesis can only be powered by sunlight.arrow_forwardCompare and contrast cellular respiration and photosynthesis. A. Photosynthesis stores energy in NADH while cellular respiration stores energy in ATP. B. Respiration is catabolic while photosynthesis is anabolic. C. Only respiration creates ATP. D. Photosynthesis releases C02 while respiration releases 02.arrow_forwardWhat is the role of NAD+ in the process of cellular respiration? a. It functions as an electron carrier. b. It functions as an enzyme. c. It is the final electron acceptor for anaerobic respiration. d. It is a nucleotide source for the synthesis of ATP.arrow_forward
- What would be the effect on production of ATP from photosynthesis, assuming no effect on enzyme/protein stability, if the pH of the chloroplast stroma were lowered? a) It would increase b) It would decrease c) It would stay the samearrow_forwardHow are the NADPH and G3P molecules made during photosynthesis similar? a. They are both end products of photosynthesis. b. They are both substrates for photosynthesis. c. They are both produced from carbon dioxide. d. They both store energy in chemical bonds.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is NOT an example of anabolism? a. the TCA cycle b. glycolosis c. the reverse TCA cycle d. amino acid biosynthesis e. the Calvin cyclearrow_forward
- Concepts of BiologyBiologyISBN:9781938168116Author:Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James WisePublisher:OpenStax College
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