Physical Science (12th Edition), Standalone Book
12th Edition
ISBN: 9781260150544
Author: Bill W. Tillery
Publisher: McGraw Hill Education
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Chapter 8, Problem 1QFT
To determine
To explain: The experimental evidencewhich led Rutherford to think about the concept of a nucleus in an atom.
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Explain the structure of the atom in general.
(a) After J. J. Thompson experimentally discovered the existence of electrons in 1897, he
went on to propose the plum pudding model of matter. What was the plum pudding model?
What did Ernest Rutherford conclude about the structure of matter based on his experimental
results from bombarding gold foil with alpha particles? (b) What was the proposed atomic
model of matter put forward by Rutherford? Theoretically what was the problem with his
proposed model of the atom? (c) What was the modification made by Niels Bohr to
Rutherford's model, i.e., what were the assumptions that Bohr made for his version of the
atomic model of matter? (d) What observational phenomena was Bohr's proposed model able
to explain? How did his model explain these phenomena? (e) Draw an energy level diagram
with one representative transition to support your answer to part (d).
Rutherford found the size of the nucleus to be about 10-15 m. This implied a huge density. What would this density be in kg/m3 for gold? (Assume that the "size" of the nucleus is its diameter.)
kg/m3
Chapter 8 Solutions
Physical Science (12th Edition), Standalone Book
Ch. 8 - Prob. 1ACCh. 8 - Prob. 2ACCh. 8 - Prob. 3ACCh. 8 - 4. Millikan measured the charge on oil droplets...Ch. 8 - Prob. 5ACCh. 8 - Prob. 6ACCh. 8 - Prob. 7ACCh. 8 - Prob. 8ACCh. 8 - Prob. 9ACCh. 8 - Prob. 10AC
Ch. 8 - Prob. 11ACCh. 8 - Prob. 12ACCh. 8 - Prob. 13ACCh. 8 - Prob. 14ACCh. 8 - Prob. 15ACCh. 8 - Prob. 16ACCh. 8 - Prob. 17ACCh. 8 - Prob. 18ACCh. 8 - Prob. 19ACCh. 8 - Prob. 20ACCh. 8 - Prob. 21ACCh. 8 - Prob. 22ACCh. 8 - Prob. 23ACCh. 8 - Prob. 24ACCh. 8 - Prob. 25ACCh. 8 - Prob. 26ACCh. 8 - 27. Elements that have properties of both the...Ch. 8 - Prob. 28ACCh. 8 - Prob. 29ACCh. 8 - Prob. 30ACCh. 8 - Prob. 31ACCh. 8 - Prob. 32ACCh. 8 - Prob. 33ACCh. 8 - Prob. 34ACCh. 8 - Prob. 35ACCh. 8 - Prob. 36ACCh. 8 - Prob. 37ACCh. 8 - Prob. 38ACCh. 8 - Prob. 39ACCh. 8 - Prob. 40ACCh. 8 - Prob. 41ACCh. 8 - Prob. 42ACCh. 8 - Prob. 43ACCh. 8 - Prob. 44ACCh. 8 - Prob. 45ACCh. 8 - Prob. 46ACCh. 8 - Prob. 47ACCh. 8 - Prob. 48ACCh. 8 - Prob. 49ACCh. 8 - Prob. 1QFTCh. 8 - Prob. 2QFTCh. 8 - Prob. 3QFTCh. 8 - Prob. 4QFTCh. 8 - Prob. 5QFTCh. 8 - Prob. 6QFTCh. 8 - Prob. 7QFTCh. 8 - Prob. 8QFTCh. 8 - Prob. 9QFTCh. 8 - Prob. 10QFTCh. 8 - Prob. 11QFTCh. 8 - Prob. 12QFTCh. 8 - Prob. 1FFACh. 8 - Prob. 2FFACh. 8 - Prob. 3FFACh. 8 - Prob. 4FFACh. 8 - Prob. 5FFACh. 8 - Prob. 6FFACh. 8 - Prob. 1PEACh. 8 - Prob. 2PEACh. 8 - Prob. 3PEACh. 8 - Prob. 4PEACh. 8 - Prob. 5PEACh. 8 - Prob. 6PEACh. 8 - Prob. 7PEACh. 8 - Prob. 8PEACh. 8 - Prob. 9PEACh. 8 - Prob. 10PEACh. 8 - Prob. 11PEACh. 8 - Prob. 12PEACh. 8 - Prob. 13PEACh. 8 - Prob. 14PEACh. 8 - Prob. 15PEACh. 8 - Prob. 16PEACh. 8 - Prob. 17PEACh. 8 - Prob. 18PEACh. 8 - Prob. 19PEACh. 8 - Prob. 1PEBCh. 8 - Prob. 2PEBCh. 8 - Prob. 3PEBCh. 8 - Prob. 4PEBCh. 8 - Prob. 5PEBCh. 8 - 6. If the charge-to-mass ratio of a proton is 9.58...Ch. 8 - Prob. 7PEBCh. 8 - 8. Using any reference you wish, write the...Ch. 8 - Prob. 9PEBCh. 8 - 10. Referring to Figure 8.16 only, write the...Ch. 8 - 11. An electric motor draws a current of 11.5 A in...Ch. 8 - Prob. 12PEBCh. 8 - Prob. 13PEBCh. 8 - Prob. 14PEBCh. 8 - Prob. 15PEBCh. 8 - Prob. 16PEBCh. 8 - Prob. 17PEBCh. 8 - Prob. 18PEBCh. 8 - Prob. 19PEB
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- (a) An aspiring physicist wants to build a scale model of a hydrogen atom for her science fair project. If the atom is 1.00 m in diameter, how big should she try to make the nucleus? (b) How easy will this be to do?arrow_forwardExplain how a hydrogen atom in the ground state (l = 0) can interact magnetically with an external magnetic field.arrow_forwardIn the planetary model of the atom where electrons orbit a centralized nucleus, what is the approximate ratio of the radius of the nucleus to that of the electron orbits?arrow_forward
- QUESTION 19 In 1911, when Rutherford observed alpha particles being scattered at back angles from a gold foil, he reached the conclusion that alpha particles are helium nuclei. alpha particles are very tightly bound. the plum-pudding model of the atom must be wrong . gold has a much higher atomic number than previously thought.arrow_forwardOne of the most ground-breaking experiment in the history of the atom was performed by Ernest Rutherford, a physicist who’s proposed the nuclear model of the atom. Within 100 words and with the aid of a schematic diagram, describe the unprecedented work done by Rutherford.arrow_forwardUsing the Bohr formulas, estimate the average distance from the nucleus for an electron in the innermost (n=1) orbit in uranium (Z = 92). What is its kinetic energy and potential energy? Approximately how much energy would be required to remove it? PLEASE draw the diagram/situationarrow_forward
- The electron in the hydrogen atom (in its ground state) orbits the nucleus at a distance of 0.5292 Å. (a) Calculate the gravitational force and (b) the electrostatic force of attraction between the two. (c) Comment on the magnitude and the importance of these two forces. [G, gravitational constant = 6.672 x 10-11 N m2 kg-2; 4πЄo = 1.113 x 10-10 C2 m-1 J-1]arrow_forwardHow does the wave model of electrons orbiting the nucleus account for the fact that the electrons can have only discrete energy values? Question options: The wave model accounts for the types of orbitals an electron may occupy, not it's energy levels. Electrons are only able to vibrate at particular frequencies. The energy values of an electron only occur where its wave properties and probability clouds are mutually reinforcing. When an electron wave is confined as standing wave, it is reinforced only at particular frequencies.arrow_forwardBefore the neutron was discovered, the only possible constitution of a nucleus with a given (A,Z) was A protons and (A-Z) electrons, leaving a net charge of +Ze. Early indications were that the nitrogen nucleus (A = 14,Z = 7) had a total angular mo- mentum that was an integral multiple of ħ. Is this consistent with a nucleus made of A protons and A-Z electrons? How does the inclusion of neutrons change things?arrow_forward
- Why is the classical (Rutherford) model for an atom—of electron orbitting around the nucleus—not able to explain the atomic structure?arrow_forwardWhich model of the hydrogen atom, the Bohr model orthe quantum-mechanical model, predicts that the electronspends more time near the nucleus? Explainarrow_forwardSelect all of the following statements that are basic assumptions of the Bohr model of the atom. A) Atoms have a central nucleus with electrons in orbit about this nucleus. B) Atoms are solid spheres of matter.Atoms are made of positive material with electrons fixed in place in this positive material. C) Electrons orbit the nucleus, but the orbits can have only certain sizes and energy values. D) Electrons can jump from one orbit to another around the nucleus. E) They must gain energy to jump to a higher level, and they release energy when jumping to a lower level.arrow_forward
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