Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781305389892
Author: Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 8, Problem 3ITD
Summary Introduction
To review:
Whether the relationship between PPFD and net photosynthesis is best described as linear or curved. Also, the reason for this type of relationship is to be mentioned.
Introduction:
Photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) is a measurement of the light falling on the surface of plants, such as on the leaves. The rate of photosynthesis depends on the amount of light energy, atmospheric carbon dioxide, and water. Light energy is provided in the form of a unit of light for a plant, which is called PPFD.
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Consider the relationship between temperature and photosynthesis. As temperatures increase,gases such as CO2 diffuse faster. As a result, plant leaves will lose CO2 at a faster rate thannormal. If the amount of light reaching the leaf and the amount of water available are adequate,predict how this loss of gas will affect photosynthesis in the leaf.
The graph here shows the change in energy level for the reactants and the products of photosynthesis. Given the energy levels modeled in the graph, which statement accurately compares the energy of the products and the reactants with regards to photosynthesis?
A. Water and Oxygen have the highest energy compared to glucose and and carbon dioxide
B. Glucose and Oxygen gas have higher energy levels compared to water and carbon dioxide
C. Glucose and water have the same energy levels compared to carbon dioxide and oxygen gas
D. Glucose and oxygen have a lower energy energy level associated with them compared to carbon dioxide and water
When discussing why the rate of photosynthesis did not increase at higher light intensities, the investigator mentioned the possibility that high light intensities could damage chlorophyll, which would result in a decrease in oxygen production. Which of the following accurately explains the role of chlorophyll in oxygen production during photosynthesis and why damage to chlorophyll would results in lower oxygen production?
Select one or more:
a. Chlorophyll participates in carbon fixation during the Calvin Cycle. During this process, oxygen molecules are formed.
b. Chlorophyll captures energy from sunlight and releases high energy electrons that enter the electron transport chain in the Calvin Cycle. During this process, oxygen molecules are formed.
c. Chlorophyll participates in carbon fixation during the light reactions. During this process, oxygen molecules are formed.
d. Chlorophyll captures energy from sunlight and releases high energy electrons that enter the electron…
Chapter 8 Solutions
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 8.1 - What are the two stages of photosynthesis?Ch. 8.1 - In which organelle does photosynthesis take place...Ch. 8.2 - What is the difference in function between the...Ch. 8.2 - Prob. 2SBCh. 8.2 - What is the difference between the linear electron...Ch. 8.3 - What is the reaction that rubisco catalyzes? Why...Ch. 8.3 - How many molecules of carbon dioxide must enter...Ch. 8.4 - Prob. 1SBCh. 8.4 - Prob. 2SBCh. 8.4 - How are carbon fixation and the Calvin cycle...
Ch. 8.5 - How are the reactants and products of...Ch. 8 - An organism exists for long periods by using only...Ch. 8 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 8 - Which of the following is a correct step in the...Ch. 8 - Prob. 4TYKCh. 8 - Prob. 5TYKCh. 8 - Which of the following statements about the C4...Ch. 8 - Prob. 7TYKCh. 8 - The oxygen released by photosynthesis comes from:...Ch. 8 - You bite into a spinach leaf. Which one of the...Ch. 8 - Animal metabolism and plant metabolism are related...Ch. 8 - Discuss Concepts Suppose a garden in your...Ch. 8 - Prob. 12TYKCh. 8 - Discuss Concepts Like other accessory pigments,...Ch. 8 - Prob. 14TYKCh. 8 - Prob. 15TYKCh. 8 - Prob. 16TYKCh. 8 - Photosynthesis directly opposes respiration in...Ch. 8 - Prob. 2ITDCh. 8 - Prob. 3ITDCh. 8 - Prob. 4ITD
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- Photosynthesis directly opposes respiration in determining how plants influence atmospheric CO2 concentrations. When a leaf is in the light, both photosynthesis and respiration are occurring simultaneously. The data in the Table were collected from the leaf of a sagebrush plant that was enclosed in a chamber that measures the rate of CO2 exchange. The same leaf was used to collect the data in Interpret the Data in Chapter 7. Respiration is shown as a negative and photosynthesis as a positive rate of CO2 exchange. The net photosynthesis rate is the amount of CO2 (in micromoles per square meter per second) assimilated by the leaf while respiration is occurring; a positive value indicates more photosynthesis is occurring than respiration. The light exposed to the leaf is quantified as the number of photons in the 400 to 700 nm wavelength, the photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD); 2,000 mol/m2/s is equivalent to the amount of light occurring at midday in full Sun. Observation Photosynthetic Photon Flux Density (PPFD) (mol/m2/s) Net Photosynthesis (mol/m2/s) 1 2,000 9.1 2 1,500 8.4 3 1,250 8.2 4 1,000 7.4 5 750 6.3 6 500 4.8 7 250 2.2 8 0 -2.0 Why is net photosynthesis negative when PPFD is zero? Looking at the respiration data from Interpret the Data in Chapter 7, at what temperature do you think these data were collected? Source: Data based on unpublished research by Brent Ewers, University of Wyoming.arrow_forwardIs the following statement true or false? Unlike animals, which make many ATP by aerobic respiration, plants make all of their ATP by photosynthesis.arrow_forwardMatch each term with its most suitable description. ____ PGAL formation a. absorbs light ____CO2 fixation b. converts light to chemical energy ____ autotroph c. self-feeder ____ ATP forms NADPH does not d. electrons cycle back to photosystem ____ photorespiration e. problem in C3 plants ____ photosynthesis f. Calvin-Benson cycle product ____ pigment g. water molecules split ____ photolysis in photosynthesis h. rubisco functionarrow_forward
- Figure 8.6 On a hot, dry day, plants close their stomata to conserve water. What impact will this have on photosynthesis?arrow_forwardAs CO2 concentrations increase in the atmosphere, biologists continue to explore the role of respiration from plants as a small but potentially important contribution beyond fossil fuel combustion. The data in the Table were collected from the leaf of a sagebrush plant from a semiarid ecosystem in Wyoming, enclosed in a chamber that measures the rate of CO2 exchange. The respiration rate is the amount of CO2 in micromoles lost by the leaf per square meter per second, which results in the negative numbers. The temperature values are from the leaves as they are heated or cooled during the measurements. Observation Temperature (C) Respiration Rate (mol/m2/s) 1 25 -2.0 2 30 -2.7 3 35 -4.1 4 40 -5.8 5 20 -1.3 6 15 -1.0 7 10 -0.7 Cengage Learning 2017 What describes the relationship between temperature and respiration, a line or a curve? Does the Q10 that you calculated in 2 suggest a line or a curve? Source: Data based on unpublished research by Brent Ewers, University of Wyoming.arrow_forwardFigure 8.18 Which of the following statements is true? In photosynthesis, oxygen, carbon dioxide, ATP, and NADPH are reactants. G3P and water are products. In photosynthesis, chlorophyll, water, and carbon dioxide are reactants. G3P and oxygen are products. In photosynthesis, water, carbon dioxide, ATP, and NADPH are reactants. RuBP and oxygen are products. In photosynthesis, water and carbon dioxide are reactants. G3P and oxygen are products.arrow_forward
- Figure 5.7 On a hot, dry day, plants close their stomata to conserve Water. What impact will this have on photosynthesis?arrow_forwardWhat two products result from photosynthesis? a. water and carbon dioxide b. water and oxygen c. glucose and oxygen d. glucose and carbon dioxidearrow_forwardWhich part of the Calvin cycle would be affected if a cell could not produce the enzyme RuBIsCO?arrow_forward
- Using the graph comparing photosynthetic rate and absorption of different wavelengths of light, what can be concluded? a) The photosynthesis rate at 550 nm is the highest b) Chlorophyll a absorbs wavelengths at both ends of the spectrum c) Chlorophyll b is associated with the greatest rate of photosynthesis. d) Carotenoids absorb the narrowest range of wavelengths of lightarrow_forwardIf a plant is to grow larger, which must occur in a 24-hour period: photosynthesis exceeds respiration or respiration exceeds photosynthesis? Explain your choice in detail.arrow_forwardDuring the light reactions of photosynthesis, pigments within the thylakoids membranes absorb solar energy, split water, and releasearrow_forward
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