EBK MICROECONOMICS
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780134458496
Author: List
Publisher: VST
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Question
Chapter 8, Problem 6P
(a)
To determine
The country having an
(b)
To determine
Country having a
(c)
To determine
Country that will trade with country Y.
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Which of the following BEST describes comparative advantage?
Country A can produce a product at a lower opportunity cost than Country B
Country A can produce more of a product than Country B
Country A has a currency worth more than the currency of country B
Country A uses a smaller amount of a resource to produce than Country B
Suppose that a worker in Freedonia can produce either 6 units of corn or 4 units of wheat per year, and a worker in Sylvania can produce either 4 units of corn or 6 units of wheat per year. Each nation has 10 workers. For many years the two countries traded, each completely specializing in producing the grain for which it has a comparative advantage. Now, however, war has broken out between them and all trade has stopped. Without trade, Freedonia produces and consumes 30 units of corn and 20 units of wheat per year. Sylvania produces and consumes 20 units of corn and 30 units of wheat. By how much has the combined yearly output of the two countries declined?
In Country T, it takes 10 resources to produce 1 ton of cocoa and 13.5 resources to produce 1 ton of rice. In Country Y, it takes 40 resources to produce 1 ton of cocoa and 20 resources to produce 1 ton of rice. Country T has a comparative advantage over Country Y in cocoa. This follows the theory of comparative advantage, and we can say that engaging in free trade benefits all countries that participate in it; however, this conclusion stems from which of these inaccurate assumptions?
Multiple Choice
We have assumed constant returns to scale.
We have assumed the prices of resources and exchange rates in the two countries are dynamic.
We have assumed there are barriers to the movement of resources from the production of one good to another within the same country.
We have assumed that agrarian nations do not specialize in producing particular products.
We have assumed diminishing returns to specialization.
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- Y 100 Country A X Y 40 Country B 40 X 20 a) How much of Good Y will Country B produce if they specialize in their comparative advantage? 40 b) By themselves, if Country B produces 18 units of Y, what is the maximum amount they could produce of Good X? 18 c) If the terms of trade proposed are 5 X for 10Y, how much will Country B be able to consume of Good Y after trade if they specialize in their comparative advantage before trading? 40arrow_forwardThe table below shows the maximum quantities of two goods that each country can produce. If the countries follow the principle of comparative advantage, which of the following is a potential benefit of trade? Vibranium (tons) Gold (tons) Wakanda 8 tons 2 tons Zamunda 2 tons 1 ton Group of answer choices Trade can allow each country to increase consumption beyond its production possibilities frontier. Trade can allow each country to shift its production possibilities frontier outward to higher levels of production. Trade can allow each country to become less vulnerable to the actions of the other country. All of these answers are correct.arrow_forwardThe U.S. can produce 100 pounds of beef or 10 cars; in contrast Germany can produce 40 pounds of beef or 30 cars. Which country has the absolute advantage in beef? Which country has the absolute advantage in producing cars? What is the opportunity cost of producing one pound of beef in the U.S. What is the opportunity cost of producing one pound of beef in Germany?arrow_forward
- Suppose that country A using one unit of labor can produce 80 pounds of apples or 20 pounds of oranges, while country B using the same unit of labor can produce 40 pounds of apples or 15 pounds of oranges. This shows that: A) B has a comparative advantage in the production of apples. B) If A and B trade, A should specialize in the production of oranges. C) B has a comparative advantage in the production of oranges.arrow_forwardSuppose that each country completely specializes in the production of the good in which it has a comparative advantage, producing only that good. In this case, the country that produces rye will produce million bushels per month, and the country that produces jeans will produce million pairs per month.arrow_forwardThe table below for the United States and Mexico shows maximum feasible production rates per acre of wheat if no rice is produced and maximum feasible production rates per acre of rice if no wheat are produced. Assume that the opportunity costs of producing these goods are constant in both countries. Output per Acre with Trade Wheat 80 tons United States Mexico 55 tons For the United States, the opportunity cost of 1 ton of wheat is tons of rice. (Enter your response rounded to two decimal places.) has a comparative advantage in wheat, and has a comparative advantage in rice. Now consider the following table that shows the production and consumption of wheat and rice if there is no trade. Output per Acre with No Trade Wheat 40.0 tons 27.5 tons United States Mexico Total output of wheat if the two countries do not trade tons. (Enter your response rounded to one decimal place.) Total output of rice if the two countries do not trade tons. (Enter your response rounded to one decimal place)…arrow_forward
- American worker takes 20 hours to produce one computer and 300 hours to produce an RV. A Japanese worker takes 30 hours to produce one computer and 450 Hours to produce an RV. Which country has a comparative advantage in what product? Why?arrow_forwardSuppose that Country A can produce 6060 bags of sugar or 3030 bags of flour per worker hour. Country B can produce 4040 bags of sugar or 1010 bags of flour per worker hour. Assume that there is 100%100% specialization, and each country has 55 worker hours.If each country specializes in its comparative advantage, calculate the quantity of the good that Country B should produce.arrow_forwardIf each country specializes in the good in which it has a comparative advantage,....will gain from that trade becausearrow_forward
- According to the concept of comparative advantage, a good should be produced in that nation where: its domestic opportunity cost is greatest. money is used as a medium of exchange. its domestic opportunity cost is least. the terms of trade are maximizedarrow_forwardWhich of the following best represents the benefit of trade based on comparative advantage? Large countries will benefit, but small countries will be better off without trade. Countries with better technology cannot benefit by trading with countries that have less technology. Small countries will benefit at a cost to larger countries. Each country can buy a good at a cost that is less than what is would cost to produce the good in the home country.arrow_forwardAccording to the concept of comparative advantage, a good should be produced in that nation where: its domestic opportunity cost is least. money is used as a medium of exchange. its domestic opportunity cost is greatest. the terms of trade are maximized.arrow_forward
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