Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The formulas of the simplest compounds formed by the reaction of hydrogen with silicon, germanium, tin, and lead has to be determined.
Concept Introduction:
Valence electrons are outer shell electrons that take part in the
Chemical properties of an element can be determined by the number of valence electrons.
The elements with same valence electrons have similar chemical and physical properties and are placed in the same group in periodic table.
The periodic table is given below:
Group 4A in the periodic table contains 4 valence electrons and the outer electronic configuration of halogens is
Hydrides are binary compounds formed by hydrogen with another element.
(b)
Interpretation:
Concept Introduction:
According to physical and chemical properties, the elements can be further divided into metals, non-metals and metalloids.
In a group, the metallic character of an element increases from top to bottom whereas in a period, it decreases from left to right.
Ionic compounds are formed by the transfer of electrons between a metal and a nonmetal. Molecular (covalent) compounds are formed by the sharing of electrons between two nonmetals.
(c)
Interpretation:
The reaction between radium
Concept Introduction:
Valence electrons are outer shell electrons that take part in the chemical bond formation of an atom.
Chemical properties of an element can be determined by the number of valence electrons.
The elements with same valence electrons have similar chemical and physical properties and are placed in the same group in periodic table.
The periodic table is given below:
Group 2A in the periodic table contains 2 valence electrons and the outer electronic configuration of halogens is
Alkaline earth metals react with water to produce a metal hydroxide and molecular hydrogen.
(d)
Interpretation:
Metal in Group 2A would you expect to exhibit similar properties has to be given and the reason for this has to be explained.
Concept Introduction:
Diagonal relationship is the trend observed in the chemical behavior of a certain pairs of elements that are diagonally adjacent in different periods and groups in the periodic table.
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Chemistry
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- (a) List four physical characteristics of a solid metal. (b) List two chemical characteristics of a metallic element.arrow_forward(a) One of the alkali metals reacts with oxygen to form a solidwhite substance. When this substance is dissolved in water,the solution gives a positive test for hydrogen peroxide, H2O2.When the solution is tested in a burner flame, a lilac-purpleflame is produced. What is the likely identity of the metal?(b) Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction ofthe white substance with water.arrow_forwardThe oxygen and nitrogen families have some obvious sim-ilarities and differences.(a) State two general physical similarities between Group5A(15) and 6A(16) elements. (b) State two general chemical similarities between Group5A(15) and 6A(16) elements.(c) State two chemical similarities between P and S.(d) State two physical similarities between N and O.(e) State two chemical differences between N and O.arrow_forward
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