Concept explainers
Interpretation: The Lewis structure of the given oxyacids of chlorine using the formal charge and the possible resonance structure is to be identified.
Concept introduction: The Lewis symbols of the atoms indicate the total number of valence electrons surrounding the atom or the ions.
Formal charge is calculated by the formula,
To determine: The Lewis structure of all the resonance forms of
Answer to Problem 8.142AP
Solution
There are two resonating structures of
Explanation of Solution
Explanation
The
Therefore, the electronic configuration of oxygen is
Thus, the number of valence electrons of oxygen is
The atomic number of chlorine is
Therefore, the electronic configuration of chlorine is
Thus, the number of valence electrons of chlorine is
The atomic number of hydrogen is
Therefore, the electronic configuration of hydrogen is
Thus, the number of valence electrons of hydrogen is
Thus, the total number of valence electrons of
Therefore, the possible Lewis structures of
Figure 1
Formal charge is calculated by the formula,
Therefore, the formal charge of chlorine on the right Lewis structure containing four nonbonding electrons and four bonding electrons is,
The formal charge of oxygen on the right Lewis structure containing six nonbonding electrons and two bonding electrons is,
The formal charge of chlorine on the left Lewis structure containing six nonbonding electrons and two bonding electrons is,
The formal charge of oxygen on the left Lewis structure containing four nonbonding electrons and four bonding electrons is,
Therefore, the left Lewis structure is correct.
The total number of valence electrons of
Therefore, the possible Lewis structures of
Figure 2
The formal charge of chlorine on the right Lewis structure containing four nonbonding electrons and four bonding electrons is,
The formal charge of oxygen on the right Lewis structure containing six nonbonding electrons and two bonding electrons is,
The formal charge of chlorine on the left Lewis structure containing four nonbonding electrons and six bonding electrons is,
The formal charge of oxygen on the left Lewis structure containing four nonbonding electrons and four bonding electrons is,
The left Lewis structure is correct and the two structures are the resonating structures of each other.
The total number of valence electrons of
Therefore, the possible Lewis structures of
Figure 3
The formal charge of chlorine on the Lewis structure containing two nonbonding electrons and eight bonding electrons is,
The formal charge of chlorine on the Lewis structure containing two nonbonding electrons and six bonding electrons is,
The formal charge of oxygen on the Lewis structure containing six nonbonding electrons and two bonding electrons is,
The formal charge of chlorine on the Lewis structure containing two nonbonding electrons and ten bonding electrons is,
The formal charge of oxygen on the left Lewis structure containing four nonbonding electrons and four bonding electrons is,
Therefore, the extreme right Lewis structure is correct and the three structures are the resonating structures of each other.
Conclusion:
There are two resonating structures of
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