Concept explainers
The Doppler effect is one of the sources of the line broadening in atomic absorption spectroscopy. Atoms moving toward the light source encounter higher-frequency radiation than atoms moving away from the source. The difference in wavelength
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Chapter 8 Solutions
PRINCIPLES OF INSTRUMENTAL ANALYSIS
- The Lyman series of spectral lines for the H atom, in the ultraviolet region, arises from transitions from higher levels to n = 1. Calculate the frequency and wavelength of the least energetic line in this series.arrow_forward6.103 Atomic absorption spectroscopy is based on the atomic spectra of the elements being studied. It can be used to determine the impurities in a metal sample. If an element is present, light at the appropriate wavelength is absorbed. You are working with a metal stamping company and the rolled steel you use to form panels for automobile doors is failing at an alarming rate. There is some chance that the problem is unacceptably high levels of manganese in the steel. Given that the atomic spectrum of manganese has three lines near 403 nm, how could you use a spectrometer to determine the amount of manganese in the steel?arrow_forward(a) Calculate the frequency and the wavelength of the line for the n = 6 to n = 4 transition. (b) Is this wavelength longer or shorter than that of the n = 7 to n = 4 transition?arrow_forward
- Calculate the wavelength (µm) of infrared light that has a frequency of 1.219 x 1012 s-1.arrow_forwardCalculate the wavenumber and wavelength of the line with n = 6 in the Balmer series of the spectrum of atomic hydrogen.arrow_forwardCalculate the size of the quantum involved in the excitation of an electronic motion of frequency 1.0 x 1015 Hz. Ans: 400 kJ/molarrow_forward
- What is (a) the energy. (b) the speed of an electron that has been ejected from an orbital of ionization energy 10.0 eV by a photon of radiation of wavelength 110 nm?arrow_forwardThe electronic spectrum of the molecule butadiene, H2C=CH–CH=CH2, can be approximated using the one-dimensional particle-in-a-box if one assumes that the conjugated double bonds span the entire four-carbon chain. If the electron absorbing a photon having wavelength 217 nm is going from the level n =2 to the level n =3, what is the approximate length of the C4H6 molecule?arrow_forwardOn February 18, the news Mars rover landed in the Herezo Crater. It communicates with Earth via radio waves with a wavelength of 3 cm. Calculate the amount of time for this electromagentic radiation to transverse the distance of 225 x 10^6 km between Earth and Mars.arrow_forward
- If an electron confined to a potential well of width 1.40 nm with infinite barriers on both sides transitions from n=10 to n=9, what will the wavelength of the emitted radiation be?arrow_forward15. The far-infrared spectrum of HI consists of a series of equally spaced lines with Δν(bar) = 12.8 ^-1 cm. What are (a) the moment of inertia and (b) the internuclear distance?arrow_forward(a) Ozone formation in the upper atmosphere starts when oxygen molecules absorb UV radiation of wavelengths ≤ 242 nm. Find the frequency and energy of the least energetic of these photons. (b) Ozone absorbs radiation of wavelengths 2200–2900 Å, thus protecting organisms from this radiation. Find the frequency and energy of the most energetic of these photons.arrow_forward
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