Testing Hypotheses. In Exercises 9-24, assume that a simple random sample has been selected and test the given claim. Unless specified by your instructor, use either the P-value method or the critical value method for testing hypotheses. Identify the null and alternative hypotheses, test statistic, P-value (or
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- What Are We Testing? Refer to the sample data in Exercise 1. Assuming that we use the Wilcoxon rank-sum test with those data, identify the null hypothesis and all possible alternative hypotheses.arrow_forwardClassify the conclusion of the hypothesis test as a Type I error, a Type II error, or a correct decision. In 1992, the average math SAT score for students at one school was 479. Five years later, a teacher wants to perform a hypothesis test to determine whether the average math SAT score of students at the school has changed from the 1992 mean of 479. The hypotheses are: H0:μ =479 H1:μ ≠479 Suppose that the results of the sampling lead to rejection of the null hypothesis. Classify that conclusion as a Type I error, a Type II error, or a correct decision, if in fact the average math SAT score of students at the school has changed from the 1992 mean of 479.arrow_forwardDiscuss the errors that can be made in hypothesis testing. What is a Type I error? Why might it occur? What is a Type II error? How does it happen?arrow_forward
- In the process of completing a hypothesis test, when it comes to decide if we should "Reject the Null Hypothesis" or if we "Do Not Reject the Null Hypothesis", how can we use the P-value to help make our decision? Choose the correct answer to fill in the blank. If our p-value is (less than/ greater than) _________________ the signicance level (?), then we (Reject the Null Hypothesis/ Do Not Reject the Null Hypothesis) _____________________.arrow_forwardprovide an example of hypothesis testing using the t score testarrow_forwardFind the P-value for the indicated hypothesis test.In a sample of 47 adults selected randomly from Vancouver, it is found that 9 of them have been exposed to the flu. Find the P-value for a test of the claim that the proportion of all adults in Vancouver that have been exposed to this strain of the flu is more than 8%.arrow_forward
- a. Let p denote the population proportion of correct hand selections by touch therapists. Identify the null and alternative hypotheses to test the claim that touch therapists use a method equivalent to random guesses. b. Identify the test statistic. c. Identify the P-value. d. State the conclusion about the null hypothesis, as well as the final conclusion that addresses the original claim. Address whether the results suggest that touch therapists are effective.arrow_forwardCalculate the test statistic Calculate the p value What is the conclusion for this hypothesis test?arrow_forwardTrue or False. In order to know whether a hypothesis test is one-tailed or two-tailed, the null hypothesis should be taken into consideration.arrow_forward
- Calculate the test statistic Calculate the p value What is the conclusion for this hypothesis test? What is the fundamental error with this analysis?arrow_forwardtest the given claim. Identify the null hypothesis, alternative hypothesis, test statistic, P-value or critical value(s), conclusion about the null hypothesis, and final conclusion that addresses the original claim. Are Seat Belts Effective? A simple random sample of front-seat occupants involved in car crashes is obtained. Among 2823 occupants not wearing seat belts, 31 were killed. Among 7765 occupants wearing seat belts, 16 were killed (based on data from “Who Wants Airbags?” by Meyer and Finney, Chance, Vol. 18, No. 2). We want to use a 0.05 significance level to test the claim that seat belts are effective in reducing fatalities. a. Test the claim using a hypothesis test. b. Test the claim by constructing an appropriate confidence interval. c. What does the result suggest about the effectiveness of seat belts?arrow_forwardTest the claim that the proportion of men who own dogs is smaller than the proportion of women who own dogs at the .005 significance level. Based on a sample of 80 men, 40% owned dogsBased on a sample of 80 women, 60% owned dogs Critical Value = Test Statistic = Based on this do we reject the null hypothesis or fail to reject the null hypothesis?arrow_forward
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