Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)
14th Edition
ISBN: 9781305073951
Author: Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 9, Problem 13SQ
Summary Introduction
Introduction: DNA consists of genetic instructions in the form of gene sequences. It directs messenger RNA (mRNA) synthesis in the cell. During the formation of mRNA in a process known as transcription, each letter in the gene sequence is copied which codes for a particular amino acid. The polypeptide chain is synthesized on the basis of amino acid sequences in the reading frame. This process is known as translation.
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Which is true of Prokaryote cells? A) Because their DNA exists in a nucleoid area, the synthesis of proteins depends on random interactions between mRNA and rRNA, B) They contain membrane-bounded compartments or organelles. C) A true nucleus contains the DNA in the form of chromosomes D) Some contain mitochondria E) They contain many organelles in the cytoplasm
Choose the combination of answers that most accurately completes the statement. Transfer RNA is the molecule that a. contributes to the structure of ribosomes b. adapts the genetic code to protein structure c. transfers the DNA code to mRNA d. provides the master code for amino acids
What is the first step in protein synthesis?
A. making an RNA copy of the DNA within the nucleus
B. making a sequence of amino acids
C. forming peptide bonds between amino acids
D. making a copy of RNA with DNA outside the nucleus
Chapter 9 Solutions
Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 9 - A chromosome contains many different genes that...Ch. 9 - A binding .site for RNA polymerase is called a ___...Ch. 9 - An RNA molecule is typically ______; a DNA...Ch. 9 - RNAs form by_____; proteins form by ________. a....Ch. 9 - The main function of a DNA molecule is to ________...Ch. 9 - The main function of an mRNA molecule is to ___ ....Ch. 9 - Prob. 7SQCh. 9 - Prob. 1DAACh. 9 - Prob. 2DAACh. 9 - Prob. 3DAA
Ch. 9 - Prob. 4DAACh. 9 - Prob. 8SQCh. 9 - Anticodons pair with ___ . a. mRNA codons b. DNA...Ch. 9 - Up to ______ amino adds can be encoded by an mRNA...Ch. 9 - Prob. 11SQCh. 9 - Prob. 12SQCh. 9 - Prob. 13SQCh. 9 - Energy that drives translation is provided mainly...Ch. 9 - Match the terms with the best description. __...Ch. 9 - Researchers are designing and testing antisense...Ch. 9 - An anticodon has the sequence GCG. What amino acid...Ch. 9 - Each position of a codon can be occupied by one of...Ch. 9 - Prob. 4CTCh. 9 - Translate the .sequence of bases in the previous...Ch. 9 - Bacteria use the.same stop codons as eukaryotes....
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- Which scenario would NOT cause a change to the amino acid that is added to a polypeptide chain? a. The mRNA sequence UCC changes to UCG. b. The mRNA sequence UCU changes to UAA. c. The mRNA sequence UCU changes to UUU. d. The mRNA sequence UCU changes to UGC. e. The mRNA sequence CGG changes to CAG.arrow_forwardWhere does the transcription of DNA into mRNA occur in eukaryotes? A. Nucleus B. tRNA C. Ribosomes D. Cytoplasmarrow_forwardIn eukaryotic cells, which occurs during the prophase of mitosis? A. appearance of the nuclear envelope B. breakup of the nuclear envelope C. replication of DNA D. separation of sister chromatids E. duplication of chromatidsarrow_forward
- What is the main difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells? A. The size of the cells B. Whether or are not they are able to perform cellular respiration C. The type of enzymes that are found in the cell D. Whether or not they have a nucleusarrow_forwardWhich statement describes all prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells? A. Ribosomes are present in the cytoplasm. B. Materials are stored in vacuoles. C. Chloroplasts are used for photosynthesis. D. Cell walls provide support and shapearrow_forwardWhich observation proves that a cell is a eukaryote? A) It contains DNA B) It contains ribosomes C) It has a cell membrane D) It has DNA inside a nucleusarrow_forward
- Which is not true of RNA? a. It is usually single-stranded. b. It functions in the cytoplasm. c. It contains uracil. d. It contains ribose. e. There are 4 functional types.arrow_forwardIn three sentence, how does ribosome relate to DNAarrow_forwardWhere does the transcription of DNA into mRNA occur in eukaryotes? a.tRNA b.Nucleus c.Cytoplasm d.Ribosomesarrow_forward
- What can you infer about a high molecular weight protein that cannot be transported into the nucleus? A. It contains errors in the amino acid sequence B. It lacks a signal sequence C. It is too large D. It lacks a nuclear localization signal (NLS)arrow_forwardWhat is the role of the nucleolus? A. produce DNA B. produce lipids C. produce ribosomes D. produce carbohydratesarrow_forwardAt the end of which step does the amino acid chain fold into a three dimensional protein? A. Transcription B. Translation C. Meiosis D. Mitosisarrow_forward
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