Concept explainers
(a)
What is the yield strength if the following data are associated with an alloy of steel, plot a graph of stress versus strain for the alloy?
Strain (%) | Stress ( | Strain (%) | Stress ( |
0 | 0 | 1 | 300 |
0.1 | 125 | 1.5 | 325 |
0.2 | 250 | 2 | 350 |
0.3 | 230 | 2.5 | 375 |
0.4 | 230 | 3 | 400 |
0.5 | 235 | 3.5 | 375 |
0.6 | 240 | 4 | 350 |
0.7 | 250 | 4.5 | 325 |
0.8 | 260 | 5 | 300 |
0.9 | 270 |
Answer to Problem 37QAP
The yield strength is the tensile stress at which the material becomes permanently deformed
Explanation of Solution
Calculation:
The graph is drawn and is given by
The yield strength is the tensile stress at which the material becomes permanently deformed
Conclusion:
The yield strength is the tensile stress at which the material becomes permanently deformed
(b)
The ultimate strength if the following data are associated with an alloy of steel, plot a graph of stress versus strain for the alloy?
Strain (%) | Stress ( | Strain (%) | Stress ( |
0 | 0 | 1 | 300 |
0.1 | 125 | 1.5 | 325 |
0.2 | 250 | 2 | 350 |
0.3 | 230 | 2.5 | 375 |
0.4 | 230 | 3 | 400 |
0.5 | 235 | 3.5 | 375 |
0.6 | 240 | 4 | 350 |
0.7 | 250 | 4.5 | 325 |
0.8 | 260 | 5 | 300 |
0.9 | 270 |
Answer to Problem 37QAP
The ultimate strength is the maximum tensile stress the material can withstand
Explanation of Solution
Calculation:
The graph is drawn and is given by
The ultimate strength is the maximum tensile stress the material can withstand
Conclusion:
The ultimate strength is the maximum tensile stress the material can withstand
(c)
Young's modulus for the material if the following data are associated with an alloy of steel, plot a graph of stress versus strain for the alloy?
Strain (%) | Stress ( | Strain (%) | Stress ( |
0 | 0 | 1 | 300 |
0.1 | 125 | 1.5 | 325 |
0.2 | 250 | 2 | 350 |
0.3 | 230 | 2.5 | 375 |
0.4 | 230 | 3 | 400 |
0.5 | 235 | 3.5 | 375 |
0.6 | 240 | 4 | 350 |
0.7 | 250 | 4.5 | 325 |
0.8 | 260 | 5 | 300 |
0.9 | 270 |
Answer to Problem 37QAP
The Young's modulus is the slope of the initial linear region
Explanation of Solution
Given info:
Formula used:
Calculation:
The graph is drawn and is given by
The Young's modulus is the slope of the initial linear region
Conclusion:
The Young's modulus is the slope of the initial linear region
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 9 Solutions
COLLEGE PHYSICS
- (a) The "lead" in pencils is a graphite composition with a Young's modulus of about 1109 N/ m2. Calculate the change in length of the lead in an automatic pencil if you tap it straight into the pencil with a force of 4.0 N. The lead is 0.50 mm in diameter and 60 mm long. (b) Is the answer reasonable? That is, does it seem to be consistent with what you have observed when using pencils?arrow_forwardA high-speed lifting mechanism supports an 800.-kg object with a steel cable that is 25.0 m long and 4.00 cm2 in cross-sectional area. (a) Determine the elongation of the cable. (b) By what additional amount does the cable increase in length if the object is accelerated upward at a rate of 3.0 m/s2? (c) What is the greatest mass that can be accelerated upward at 3.0 m/s2 if the stress in the fable is not to exceed the elastic limit of the cable, which is 2.2 108 Pa?arrow_forwardAssume Youngs modulus for bone is 1.50 1010 N/m2. The bone breaks if stress greater than 1.50 108 N/m2 is imposed on it. (a) What is the maximum force that can be exerted on the femur bone in the leg if it has a minimum effective diameter of 2.50 cm? (b) If this much force is applied compressively, by how much does the 25.0-cm-long bone shorten?arrow_forward
- Use the graph in Figure P14.46 to list the three materials from greatest Youngs modulus to smallest. Explain your reasoning. FIGURE P14.46arrow_forward(a) When water freezes, its volume increases by 9.05% (that is, V/V0=9.05102 ). What force per unit area is water capable of exerting on a container when it freezes? (It is acceptable to use the bulk modulus of water in this problem.) (b) Is it surprising that such forces can fracture engine blocks, boulders, and the like?arrow_forwardA steel cable 2.00 m in length and with cross-sectional radius 0.350 mm is used to suspend from the ceiling a 10.0-kg model aircraft that is flying in a horizontal circle with an angular speed of 6.00 rad/s. What is the strain produced in the cable?arrow_forward
- A disk between vertebrae in the spine is subjected to a shearing force of 600 N. Find its shear deformation, taking it to have the shear modulus of 1109 N /m2. The disk is equivalent to a solid cylinder 0.700 cm high and 4.00 cm in diameter.arrow_forward(a) Estimate the force with which a karate master strikes a board, assuming the hands speed at the moment of impact is 10.0 m/s and decreases to 1.00 m/s during a 0.002 00-s time interval of contact between the hand and the board. The mass of his hand and arm is 1.00 kg. (b) Estimate the shear stress, assuming this force is exerted on a 1.00-cm-thick pine board that is 10.0 cm wide, (c) If the maximum shear stress a pine board can support before breaking is 3.60 106 N/m2, will the board break?arrow_forwardA company is testing a new material made of recycled plastic for use in construction. Figure P14.48 is a graph of the stress as a function of strain for this material. Find Youngs modulus for this material and compare your result with the data for conventional building materials listed in Table 14.1.arrow_forward
- Normal forces of magnitude 1.0106N are applied uniformly to a spherical surface enclosing a volume of a liquid. This causes the radius of the surface to decrease from 50.000 cm to 49.995 cm. What is the bulk modulus of the liquid?arrow_forwardArtificial diamonds can be made using high-pressure, high-temperature presses. Suppose an artificial diamond of volume 1.00 106 m3 is formed under a pressure of 5.00 GPa. Find the change in its volume when it is released from the press and brought to atmospheric pressure. Take the diamonds bulk modulus to be B = 194 GPa.arrow_forwardReview. On a day that the temperature is 20.0C, a concrete walk is poured in such a way that the ends of the walk are unable to move. Take Youngs modulus for concrete to be 7.00 109 N/m2 and the compressive strength to be 2.00 109 N/m2. (a) What is the stress in the cement on a hot day of 50.0C? (b) Does the concrete fracture?arrow_forward
- Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations...PhysicsISBN:9781133939146Author:Katz, Debora M.Publisher:Cengage LearningUniversity Physics Volume 1PhysicsISBN:9781938168277Author:William Moebs, Samuel J. Ling, Jeff SannyPublisher:OpenStax - Rice UniversityPhysics for Scientists and EngineersPhysicsISBN:9781337553278Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern ...PhysicsISBN:9781337553292Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage LearningCollege PhysicsPhysicsISBN:9781938168000Author:Paul Peter Urone, Roger HinrichsPublisher:OpenStax CollegeCollege PhysicsPhysicsISBN:9781285737027Author:Raymond A. Serway, Chris VuillePublisher:Cengage Learning