Microbiology: A Systems Approach
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781259706615
Author: Marjorie Kelly Cowan Professor
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Textbook Question
Chapter 9, Problem 5CTQ
Use your knowledge of DNA recombination events to complete the following:
- a. Propose two ways in which antibiotic resistance may develop in a bacterium.
- b. Explain how transposable elements may be used to treat humans with mutations in insulin-producing genes.
- c. Describe how bacterial cells acquire the ability to produce toxins.
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Students have asked these similar questions
a. Why do bacteria make restriction endonucleases? b. What is it about the endonucleases that prevents bacteria from destroying their own DNA?
One experiment that showed the DNA carried genetic information was the "Transformation" experiment by Avery, McCarty, and MacLeod where they injected mice with non-pathogenetic bacteria that had been incubated in the remains of pathogenic bacteria. What did they find when they incubated non-pathogenic bacteria in just the protein from the pathogenic bacteria?
In this case there was no transformation
They found that the non-pathogenic bacteria were transformed into pathogenic bacteria
In this case the mice were sickened but did not die
They found that some of the protein could cause transformation but other proteins could not
Please answer the following question and explain
Q1. If MacLeod and McCarty had accidentally contaminated their RNase enzyme with DNase, how would this have changed the conclusion that they made from their experiments? Pick the correct letter option
A. They would have concluded that DNA is the only molecule required for genetic transformation.
B. They would have concluded that DNA and protein are both required for genetic transformation.
C. They would have concluded that RNA is the only molecule required for genetic transformation.
D. They would have concluded that RNA and DNA are both required for genetic transformation.
E. They would have concluded that proteins are the only molecules required for genetic transformation
Chapter 9 Solutions
Microbiology: A Systems Approach
Ch. 9.1 - Define the terms genome and gene.Ch. 9.1 - Differentiate between genotype and phenotype.Ch. 9.1 - Diagram a segment of DNA, labeling all important...Ch. 9.1 - Summarize the steps of bacterial DNA replication...Ch. 9.1 - Compare and contrast the synthesis of leading and...Ch. 9.2 - Explain how the classical view of the central...Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 7AYPCh. 9.2 - Illustrate the steps of transcription, noting the...Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 9AYPCh. 9.2 - Prob. 10AYP
Ch. 9.2 - Identify the locations of the promoter, the start...Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 12AYPCh. 9.2 - Prob. 13AYPCh. 9.3 - Define the term operon and explain one advantage...Ch. 9.3 - Differentiate between repressive and inducible...Ch. 9.3 - Prob. 16AYPCh. 9.4 - Explain the defining characteristics of a...Ch. 9.4 - Describe three forms of horizontal gene transfer...Ch. 9.5 - Prob. 19AYPCh. 9.5 - Prob. 20AYPCh. 9 - What is the smallest unit of heredity? a....Ch. 9 - The nitrogen bases in DNA are bonded to the a....Ch. 9 - DNA replication is semiconservative because the...Ch. 9 - In DNA, adenine is the complementary base for...Ch. 9 - Transfer RNA is the molecule that a. contributes...Ch. 9 - Prob. 6MCQCh. 9 - The lac operon is usually in the _____ position...Ch. 9 - Prob. 8MCQCh. 9 - Prob. 9MCQCh. 9 - When genes are turned on differently under...Ch. 9 - The DNA pairs are held together primarily by...Ch. 9 - Prob. 12TFCh. 9 - Prob. 13TFCh. 9 - Prob. 14TFCh. 9 - Prob. 15TFCh. 9 - Explain the relationship among the following...Ch. 9 - On paper, replicate the following segment of DNA:...Ch. 9 - Provide evidence in support of or refuting the...Ch. 9 - Using the DNA sequence 3 TAC CAG ATA CAC TCC CCT...Ch. 9 - Use your knowledge of DNA recombination events to...Ch. 9 - Prob. 1VCCh. 9 - From chapter 4, figure 4.11a. Speculate on why...Ch. 9 - Concept Mapping | Blooms Level 6: Create Appendix...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- What did the Hershey / Chase experiments (above) demonstrate about the molecules responsible for genetic inheritance patterns in the T2 bacteriophage? A. the genetic material consists of carbohydrates, not RNA B. the genetic material consists of protein, not lipids C. the genetic material consists of DNA, not polypeptides D. the genetic material consists of protein, not DNA E. the genetic material consists of lipids, not polypeptidesarrow_forwardthe most efficient general strategy for whole genome sequencing is ? (a) double the coding sequence after sequencing the proteins (b) shotgun sequence and assemble based on overlaps (c) identify mutations that affect glycolysis (d) obtain recombinant DNA clone maps before starting the sequencing (e) obtain comprehensive SNP maps before determining the order of DNA clonearrow_forwarda. What is the purpose of molecular cloning?b. What purpose do selectable markers serve in vectors?c. What is the purpose of the origin of replication in aplasmid vector?d. Why do cloning vectors have polylinkers?arrow_forward
- The first publications describing the successful production and intracellular replication of recombinant DNA appeared in the early 1970’s. Since then, there is a long list of breakthroughs achieved by recombinant DNA technology. But which one of the following are NOT on that list? Select more than one answer ifneeded. a) Recombinant Factor VIII protein for the treatment of hemophiliacs b) Positional cloning of over 100 human disease genes c) Bacteria producing human insulin for the treatment of diabetic patients d) Reproductive cloning of over a dozen humansarrow_forwardImagine you followed all steps correctly and found that the amount of recombinant DHFR producedthrough our method was low. What is one thing you could do to try to increase the protein yield(amount produced) and why do you anticipate it to increase protein production?arrow_forwardWhich statement is true? a. There is no danger involved in recombinant DNA research in humans. b. Stringent safety rules make the use of recombinant DNA research impossible. c. There is no danger in releasing recombinant organisms into the environment. d. Stringent safety rules make the use of recombinant DNA research possible. e. There is no danger involved in recombinant DNA research in bacteria.arrow_forward
- show your rationale How many RT-PCR products generated from 13 copies of mRNA (= cDNA) from 33 PCR amplification cycles? What was the original starting number of mRNA molecules if after 36 PCR cycles, the reaction had generated 996,432,412,672 copies?arrow_forwardResearchers are designing several experiments to test the ability of Salmonella bacteria to develop antibiotic resistance. A culture of Salmonella bacteria is exposed to the same concentrations (200 mg/L) of an antibiotic for four days. The table shows the number of isolated resistant bacteria over a four-day period. Which of the following statements best explains these results? A - The bacteria were not affected by the antibiotic. B - After being exposed to the antibiotic, the bacteria altered their DNA. C - A new species of bacteria emerged after the antibiotics were introduced. D - Random mutations led some bacteria to be resistant and, over time, they increased in the population.arrow_forwardIf you mutated once per year, there could be 40 changes, but this is unlikely. Why? (Hint: Consider what natural processes we are simulating.)arrow_forward
- In your own words, describe the series of steps necessary to clone a gene.arrow_forwardBased on your understanding of homologous recombination answer the following questions.1. What enzyme is involved directly in Holliday junction formation? 2. What is the importance of the chi site in homologous recombination? 3. How Holliday junction is resolved specifically in bacteria? 4. What do you think this type of recombination occurs between bacteria andbacteriophage?arrow_forwardAnswer all of the following questions a) Define the following terms: biotechnology, Plasmid,Genetic engineering and Transformation b) List two types of medical products that can be produced using DNA tech- nology c) Relate bioethics to the continued development of genetic engineering techniques. d) Describe two major goals of the Human Genome Project. e) Distinguish between proteomics and genomics. f) Outline the different applications of biotechnology g) List some techniques of genetic engineering. h) Delineate the transgenic organisms and their significance. i) Explain the procedure for the following PCR, Gel electrophpresis and Gene therapy j) Describe human genome project and its main goals. k) Discuss the drastic environmental impacts of oil spills and how the mi- crobes like bacteria can help mitigate the problem. l) Give an account of significance of transgenic organisms in food industry. m) Describe the uses of DNA finger printing. n) What is gene cloning? o) Elaborately…arrow_forward
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