(a)
Interpretation:
A graph should be plotted using the spreadsheet for given information.
Concept introduction:
Flame emission spectrography is so named because the atoms are exposed to a flame to get the required amount of energy of excitation. This is a classical method and has been widely replaced by the plasma spectroscopies.
(b)
Interpretation:
The least square equation for the given data should be determined.
Concept introduction:
Flame emission spectrography is named so, because the atoms are exposed to a flame to get the required amount of energy of excitation. This is a classical method and has been widely replaced by the plasma spectroscopies.
(c)
Interpretation:
The statistics of the line plotted in option b should be determined.
Introduction:
Flame emission spectrography is so named because the atoms are exposed to a flame to get the required amount of energy of excitation. This is a classical method and has been widely replaced by the plasma spectroscopies.
(d)
Interpretation:
The percentage of Na2O in each given sample and the absolute and relative standard deviations should be determined.
Introduction:
Flame emission spectrography is so named because the atoms are exposed to a flame to get the required amount of energy of excitation. This is a classical method and has been widely replaced by the plasma spectroscopies.
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Chapter 9 Solutions
Principles of Instrumental Analysis, 6th Edition
- Exactly 5.00 mL aliquots of a solution containing analyte X were transferred into 50.00-mL volumetric flasks and the pH of the solution is adjusted to 9.0. The following volumes of a standard solution containing 2.00 µg/mL of X were then added into each flask and the mixture was diluted to volume: 0.000, 0.500, 1.00, 1.50 and 2.00 mL. The fluorescence of each of these solutions was measured with a fluorometer, and the following values were obtained: 3.26, 4.80, 6.42, 8.02 and 9.56, respectively. ii. Using relevant functions in Excel, derive a least-squares equation for the data, and use the parameters of this equation to find the concentration of the phenobarbital in the unknown solution.arrow_forwardAn atomic absorption method for the determination of the amount of iron present in used jet engine oil was found from pooling 30 triplicate analyses to have a standard deviation s = 3.1 µg Fe/mL. If s is a good estimate of o, calculate the 95 and 99% confidence intervals for the result 21.7 µg Fe/mL if it was based on the following criteria. (a) a single analysis 95% confidence interval= 21.7 + 99% confidence interval = 21.7 + (b) the mean of two analyses 95% confidence interval = 21.7 + 99% confidence interval= (c) the mean of six analyses 21.7 ± 95% confidence interval = 21.7 + 99% confidence interval= 21.7 + μg Fe/mL μg Fe/mL μg Fe/mL μg Fe/mL μg Fe/mL μg Fe/mLarrow_forwardThe determination of iron in wines was carried out by atomic absorption spectrophotometry, using the standard addition method. To do this, 10 mL of wine were placed in five 50 mL volumetric flasks; then 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 mL of a 10 ppm iron standard solution were added to each of them. Next, they were gauged with distilled water and the absorbance was measured, obtaining the values of 0.040, 0.062, 0.081, 0.102 and 0.125 respectively. Calculate the regression parameters and obtain the iron concentration in the wine, in µg / mL.arrow_forward
- You have measured the blank for a determination of arsenic in food samples by hydride-generation atomic fluorescence spectrometry. The blank values are: 0.23 ppb, 0.14 ppb, 0.16 ppb, 0.28 ppb, 0.18 ppb, 0.09 ppb, 0.10 ppb, 0.20 ppb, 0.15 ppb, 0.21 ppb As. What is the LOD?arrow_forwardAn atomic absorption method for the determination of the amount of iron present in used jet engine oil was found from pooling 30 triplicate analyses to have a standard deviation s = 3.6 mg Fe/mL. If s is a good estimate of σ, calculate the 95 and 99% confidence intervals for the result 18.5 mg Fe/mL if it was based on (a) a single analysis, (b) the mean of two analyses, and (c) the mean of four analyses.arrow_forwardAs a forensic toxicologist, you have been given a task on determining amount of cadmium, mercury, chromium, copper and lead metal contents in medicinal herbs using flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). Hollow cathode lamp (HCL) was selected as radiation source for this analysis. The highest concentration came from lead element followed by chromium and copper, however cadmium and mercury were not detected in the sample. a) Based on your knowledge, conclude whether the above result is valid or not. b) If you are given an option of electrothermal or flame atomizer for above case study, determine which one is suitable and justify your answer.arrow_forward
- Define mass spectroscopy and the underlying principle/background of its method for characterizing samples.arrow_forwardA sample of water from the North Sea was analysed by ion-chromatography and the sulfate concentration determined to be 2960 mg/L. A sample of formation water from a reservoir near Shetland was analysed by atomic emission spectroscopy and the strontium concentration determined to be 770 mg/L. If the Ksp value for strontium sulfate is 3.44x10- mol- L-2 predict whether precipitation should occur if 500 ml of the seawater is mixed with 500 ml of the formation water.arrow_forwardA sample of body serum is to be analysed for sodium by flame emission spectroscopy. 1.00cm' aliquot of serum was pipetted into each of two 50.0cm' volumetric flasks. The first flask was diluted to volume with deionised water. The absorbance of this first solution was0.350. To the second flask 10.0 cm' of a 25.0 ppm sodium standard was added and the flask made up to volume with deionised water. The absorbance of this second solution was 0.720.(i) Calculate the concentration of the sodium in the body serum in mg dm-3.arrow_forward
- Prepare a calibration curve to determine the Pb content in a well water sample using atomic absorption spectrophotometry; the following data were recorded: % T 100 75.2 56.6 42.5 31.9 24.6 13.8 ppm Pb 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.4 A 50 mL aliquot of well water is taken and diluted twice, the% T reading is taken and a value of 40.6% is recorded. Calculate the ppm of Pb in the well water.arrow_forwardA solution was prepared from an amount n = (0.500 ± 0.005) mol dissolved in a volume V = (250.0 ± 0.5) cm3. What is the absolute uncertainty in the concentration in units of mol dm-3?arrow_forward(a) A sample of body serum is to be analysed for sodium by flame emission spectroscopy. 1.00cm3 aliquot of serum was pipetted into each of two 50.0 cm3 volumetric flasks. The firstflask was diluted to volume with deionised water. The absorbance of this first solution was0.350. To the second flask 10.0 cm3 of a 25.0 ppm sodium standard was added and theflask made up to volume with deionised water. The absorbance of this second solution was0.720.(i) Calculate the concentration of the sodium in the body serum in mg dm–3arrow_forward
- Principles of Instrumental AnalysisChemistryISBN:9781305577213Author:Douglas A. Skoog, F. James Holler, Stanley R. CrouchPublisher:Cengage Learning
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