Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
Concept introduction:
The heat of the reaction
The formula to calculate
Or,
The bond energy of reactants is positive and the bond energy of products is negative.
The standard enthalpy of reaction is calculated by the summation of standard enthalpy of formation of the product minus the summation of standard enthalpy of formation of product at the standard conditions. The formula to calculate the standard enthalpy of reaction
Here, m and n are the stoichiometric coefficients of reactants and product in the balanced chemical equation.
(b)
Interpretation:
Concept introduction:
The heat of the reaction
The formula to calculate
Or,
The bond energy of reactants is positive and the bond energy of products is negative.
(c)
Interpretation:
The reason for the relatively closer value for the hydration in part (a) but not that close for the hydrolysis in part (b) is to be determined.
Concept introduction:
Bond energy is the amount of energy needed to break a bond between two gaseous atoms. Bond energy is measured in
The formula to calculate
Or,
The bond energy of reactants is positive and the bond energy of products is negative.
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