Biology: How Life Works
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9781319017637
Author: James Morris, Daniel Hartl, Andrew Knoll, Melissa Michael, Robert Lue, Andrew Berry, Andrew Biewener, Brian Farrell, N. Michele Holbrook
Publisher: Macmillan Higher Education
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Chapter 9.2, Problem 4SAQ
Summary Introduction
Cell to cell communication takes place by sending as well as receiving chemical signals. Four players are involved in the communication between the two cells. They are signaling cell, a signaling molecule, a receptor plus the cell that responds.
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- A hormone molecule binds to a receptor on a cell membrane. It doesnt enter the cell; rather, the binding activates a second messenger inside the cell that triggers an amplified response to the hormonal signal. Is the signaling molecule a steroid or a nonsteroid hormone?arrow_forwardWhich Membrane receptors are important in hormonal signalling ?arrow_forwardWhat is paracrine signalling?arrow_forward
- Under in vivo conditions, chronic treatment with a noncompetitive antagonist may lead to the up-regulation of the targeted receptor over time. True False Cytokines are peptides that are generally made in advance by specific types of cells, stored in vesicles, and act as autocrine or paracrine factors. True False Thyroid hormone is stored in an extracellular compartment. True Falsearrow_forwardHow does 17 beta estradiol action differ from that of hormones that bind G-protein-coupled receptors?arrow_forwardHow could the origin of endocrine control systems lie in ordinary cellular events? How might the earliest multicellular organisms have evolved some sort of endocrine coordination?arrow_forward
- What is the principal difference of endocrine system from other signaling systems? Select one: A. Endocrine signals diffuse to neighboring target cells. B. Endocrine signals produce self-activation of the secreting cells. C. Endocrine system uses cell-cell contact to transduce signals. D. Endocrine signals are delivered by blood. E. Endocrine signals always generate faster responses in target cells.arrow_forwardGTPγS is a nonhydrolyzable analog of GTP. Suppose this compound were added to a cell-free system containing active components of an adrenergic signaling system. What consequences would you expect? What would be the effects on cAMP levels?arrow_forwardcompare and contrast the signaling events involved with the second messanger camp and IP3arrow_forward
- What is the specific role of the protein kinase enzymes in the signal transduction pathway initiated by water-soluble hormones?arrow_forwardName and explain 5 modes of hormonal/neuroendocrine and neuronal signaling. Choose one and describe in a great detail listing cells, receptors, organs, and pathway.arrow_forwardHow is paracrine regulation similar to endocrine regulation? How does it differ?arrow_forward
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Intro to Cell Signaling; Author: Amoeba Sisters;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-dbRterutHY;License: Standard youtube license