EP COSMIC PERSPECTIVE-MOD.MASTERING
9th Edition
ISBN: 9780137453481
Author: Bennett
Publisher: SAVVAS L
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Chapter S3, Problem 43EAP
To determine
To Explain: The misconception that black holes are funnel shaped and the way a black hole would really look like if one could see it.
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Discuss the causes, characteristics, and major features of black holes. Explain why the concept of a black hole does or doesn't seem reasonable to you and provide some rationale for your views?
Gravitational forces are affected by two variable. List these two variable and indicate how they can lead to the formation of black holes. Use the word "event horizon" in your answer and indicate what it means.
Part 1. Stellar Mass Black Holes
These are the collapsed cores of massive stars which end their life in supernova explosions. The
stellar core can no longer use nuclear fusion to hold up the immense gravity, and collapses until
its escape velocity rises higher than the speed of light. Voila! A black hole is formed.
Part A: The Schwarzschild Radius
The Schwarzschild Radius is defined as:
2GM
(1)
=
c2
where r, is the Schwarzschild radius, G is the gravitational constant, M is the mass of the black
hole, and c is the speed of light.
1. Let's say we have a black hole with a mass 10 times that of the Sun (the Sun's mass is 2 x
1030 kg, so the mass of the black hole is then 2 x 1031 kg). Using the definitions for G and
c, what would the Schwarzschild radius of this black hole be?
2. If the radius of the Sun is 7 x 108 m, how does the black hole's radius compare? (Divide
the radius of the Sun by the Schwarzschild radius). Your answer should be in the form of
times smaller/bigger than the…
Chapter S3 Solutions
EP COSMIC PERSPECTIVE-MOD.MASTERING
Ch. S3 - Prob. 1EAPCh. S3 - Prob. 2EAPCh. S3 - Prob. 3EAPCh. S3 - Prob. 4EAPCh. S3 - Prob. 5EAPCh. S3 - What is a space time diagram? Define worldline and...Ch. S3 - 7. How do rules of geometry differ depending on...Ch. S3 - Prob. 8EAPCh. S3 - Prob. 9EAPCh. S3 - 10. According to general relativity, what is...
Ch. S3 - Prob. 11EAPCh. S3 - What is gravitational time dilation. What...Ch. S3 - Prob. 13EAPCh. S3 - Prob. 14EAPCh. S3 - Prob. 15EAPCh. S3 - Does It Make Sense? Decide whether the statement...Ch. S3 - Prob. 17EAPCh. S3 - Prob. 18EAPCh. S3 - Prob. 19EAPCh. S3 - Prob. 20EAPCh. S3 - Prob. 21EAPCh. S3 - Does It Make Sense?
Decide whether the statement...Ch. S3 - Prob. 23EAPCh. S3 - Prob. 24EAPCh. S3 - Prob. 25EAPCh. S3 - Choose the best answer to each of the following....Ch. S3 - Prob. 27EAPCh. S3 - Prob. 28EAPCh. S3 - Prob. 29EAPCh. S3 - Prob. 30EAPCh. S3 - Prob. 31EAPCh. S3 - Prob. 32EAPCh. S3 - Prob. 33EAPCh. S3 - Prob. 34EAPCh. S3 - Prob. 35EAPCh. S3 - Prob. 38EAPCh. S3 - Prob. 39EAPCh. S3 - Prob. 41EAPCh. S3 - Alternative Geometries. Find three everyday...Ch. S3 - Prob. 43EAPCh. S3 - Prob. 44EAPCh. S3 - Prob. 45EAPCh. S3 - Prob. 51EAPCh. S3 - Worldlines at High Speed. Make a spacetime diagram...Ch. S3 - Prob. 53EAPCh. S3 - Prob. 54EAPCh. S3 - Long Trips at Constant Acceleration: Earth Time....Ch. S3 - Prob. 56EAPCh. S3 - Prob. 57EAPCh. S3 - Prob. 58EAPCh. S3 - Gravitational Time Dilation on Earth. For a...Ch. S3 - Gravitational Time Dilation on the Sun. Use the...
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- Look up G, c, and the mass of the Sun in Appendix E and calculate the radius of a black hole that has the same mass as the Sun. (Note that this is only a theoretical calculation. The Sun does not have enough mass to become a black hole.)arrow_forwardSuppose you drop a clock toward a black hole. As you look at the clock from a high orbit, what will you notice? Time on the clock will run faster as it approaches the black hole, and light from the clock A. will be increasingly blueshifted. B. The clock will fall toward the black hole at a steady rate, so that you'll see it plunge through the event horizon within just a few minutes. C. The clock will fall faster and faster, reaching the speed of light as it crosses the event horizon. D. Time on the clock will run slower as it approaches the black hole, and light from the clock will be increasingly redshifted.arrow_forwardThe wavelength of a photon has been redshifted from 495 nm to 505 nm.What is the Redshift of the photon? What is the velocity of the photon source in both SI and US units? (2separate answers to 2 decimal places)arrow_forward
- The Andromeda Galaxy, M31, is the closest large spiral Galaxy to our Milky Way. When we lookat its chemical spectrum, we see that it's hydrogen alpha emission line has an observed wavelength of 655nm. a. Calculate z, being careful with the sign b. How fast is it moving in km/s c. Is it redshifted or blueshifted? Is it moving toward or away from us?arrow_forwardWhich statement concerning black hole masses and Schwarzschild radii is not true? A. Even an object as small as you could become a black hole if there were some way to compress you to a size smaller than your Schwarzschild radius. B. The more massive the black hole, the larger the Schwarzschild radius. C. For black holes produced in massive star supernovae, Schwarzschild radii are typically a few to a few tens of kilometers. D. In a binary system with a black hole, the Schwarzschild radius depends on the distance from the black hole to the companion star.arrow_forwardCalculate your body’s volume.Next, assume that the nuclei are densely packed. Atomic distances are replaced by the radii of the nuclei. What would your body’s volume be like?How tall would you be? Could you become a black hole?arrow_forward
- what is the mass of the black hole ? give your answer as a multiple of Ms where Ms is the solar mass, Ms = 2.0 * 10^(30) express your answer as a multiple of the solar mass mass Ms.arrow_forwardAn astronomer observed the motions of some galaxies. Based on his observations, he made the following statements. Which one of them is most likely to be false? Take Hubble's constant to be 67 km/s/Mpc. A. A galaxy observed to be moving away from us at a speed of 70 km/s is at a distance of about 1 Mpc from us. B. A galaxy observed to be moving away from us at a speed of 700 km/s is at a distance of about 10 Mpc from us. C. A galaxy observed to be moving away from us at a speed of 7000 km/s is at a distance of about 100 Mpc from us. D. A galaxy observed to be moving away from us at a speed of 70000 km/s is at a distance of about 1 Gpc from us. Is the answer D? Thank you!arrow_forwardGalaxy B moves away from galaxy A at 0.501 times the speed of light. Galaxy C moves away from galaxy B in the same direction at 0.729 times the speed of light. How fast does galaxy C recede from galaxy A? Express your answer as a fraction of the speed of light. Galaxy C recedes from Galaxy A at Carrow_forward
- When observed from Earth, the wavelengths of light emitted by a star are shifted toward the red end of the electromagnetic spectrum. Why does this redshift occur? A The star is at rest relative to Earth. The star is moving toward Earth at decreasing speed. The star is moving toward Earth at increasing speed. D The star is moving away from Earth. DOOOarrow_forward1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 Cosmic background data from COBE 0.4 0.2 0.0 0.5 10 Wavelength A in mm c) Background (CMB) undertaken by the COBE satellite. Use this diagram to estimate the current temperature of the CMB. Based on your estimate, what would the temperature of the CMB have been at a redshift of z = 5000? The left hand diagram above shows the results from observations of the Cosmic Microwave Radiated Intensity per Unit Wavelength (16° Watts/m per mm)arrow_forwardFalling into Gargantua part I: Why does Gargantua appear the way it does? Because it has two accretion disks, a horizontal and a vertical one. The vertical halo is the light of the accretion disk on the far side lensed by the gravity of the black hole. Because that’s the way the art director wanted. Falling into Gargantua part II: What would Cooper’s view be of the rest of the universe as he falls across the event horizon of the black hole Gargantua? Nothing - he would no longer be able view the rest of the universe He would see the future history of the universe unfold as his field of view shrinks to a bright spot He would observe a time reversed history of the cosmos as his field of view shrinks to a bright spot.arrow_forward
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