Left ventricular hypertrophy

An abnormal weakness and loss of sensation is felt in Mr Smith's left arm and leg as well as dizziness during this time he was unable to get up from his chair and had difficulties clearly expressing words. This abnormal weakness, loss of sensation and speech difficulty are all common symptoms of a Transient ischamic

In advanced heart failure (HF), increased arterial elastance and arterio-ventricular uncoupling, excessive sympathetic activation, and extensive abnormalities in the β-adrenoceptors (β-ARs) signalling contributeto cardiac remodelling such as desensitization of cardiac β-ARs, and progression of left ventricular dysfunction (Cohn et al., 2000; Floras, 2002; Kubanek et al., 2013). The term “ventricular remodelling” includes a complex of anatomic, functional, cellular, and molecular changes in the myocardium

become affected. In left ventricular failure decreased cardiac output and outflow into the periphery leads to pulmonary congestion, evidenced by pulmonary edema and impaired gas exchange (Porth, 2015). As a result,

atria are in a quiver status; the ventricles beat with a rapid rate due to the rapid atrial impulses (Ignatavicius and Workman, 2013). The ventricular contraction rhythm can be 120 to 200 beats per minute. The ECG result shows a chaotic rhythm, no P waves, no atrial contractions, no atrial kick and irregular ventricular contractions. The rapid, irregular ventricular rate decreases

AORTIC STENOSIS Calcific or degenerative aortic valve disease is considered one of the most, if not the most, common valvular lesion encountered among elderly patients.( Iung B, Baron G, Butchart EG, et al.) In fact, as shown in the Helsinki Aging Study, 501 randomly selected people, men and women, in an age range from 75 to 86 underwent echocardiography. (Iivanainen AM, Lindroos M, Tilvis R, et al) The outcome of the research was that, the prevalence of critical aortic stenosis increased with age

right ventricular hypertrophy, and fluid will start to back up into the body causing edema where gravity determines. Lying down may cause edema in the buttocks and flank areas but most commonly people see edema in their ankles and legs along with increase weight gain over short periods of time. This type of congestive heart failure is still very important and should be seen by a physician to prevent further problems, because patients with right sided heart failure are at high risk for left sided

artery disease and hypertension. Other risk factors are occurrence of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), valvular heart disease, diabetes, smoking, obesity and dyslipidemia [46, 47]. Diabetes mellitus as an anticipated factor of CHF was explained in some studies [44, 47]. Diabetes is considered as a risk factor for CHF but yet, its relationship with CHF has not been completely understood [47, 48]. Alterations of left ventricular function and structure that are associated with diabetes mellitus or

Abstract Obesity is one the most preventable metabolic diseases that afflicts millions of adults and children around the world. Childhood obesity is a result of many metabolic disorders such as diabetes, hypertension, heart disease, excess body fat, and abnormal cholesterol levels. There have been studies regarding various racial and ethnic implications in the occurrence of childhood obesity. By understanding the various reasons for these discrepancies in the various conditions that obesity presents

was significantly longer in rhesus macaques with LVH compared to control macaques, but no other ECG patterns were significantly different between these two groups (Table 1). This finding can be attributable to slower conduction time through the left ventricular walls due to the presence of

Case Study 1 Based on the patients physical exam, social activities, family history, recent laboratory results and imaging; from a nurse practitioner stand point I am concerned that the patient has coronary artery disease, new onset of congestive heart failure, as well as concerns that the patient may be suffering from depression. Mr. E. W. is an obese African-American male and has uncontrolled hypertension. Given Mr. E. W’s ethnicity, obesity and uncontrolled hypertension he is a likely candidate