Week 8_Weeds Dialogue-1

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Mt San Antonio College *

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Biology

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Feb 20, 2024

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AGOR 1_HORT SCI Weeds Dialogue Name: Instructions Review and preview the original format of this document in the Canvas module. The original numbering and charts need to stay in place. Do not delete anything from this document. Add in your short answer responses and highlight/bold multiple choice. Highlight or bold all text inputted into this document. Answer all questions and fill in all definitions. Save this document in a folder on your PC, so you have them for reference. When submitting the dialogue  Word Documents or PDF file format only  You may type/edit your responses and save them as Word or PDF  You may print out this document, clearly write in the answers, scan it, and save it as a PDF. After submitting, check your upload to be sure you have submitted the correct file. Grading Score Criteria 20/20 points All answers are complete and accurate with appropriate grammar. 15/20 points Missing/incorrect on 1-2 questions/definitions, or incomplete sentence(s), or modifying the format of this document in numbering or highlighting or bolding. (Complete sentences include capital letters, subject, predicate, and a period. Do not forget basic grammar, including capitalizing "I" when typing in the first person) 0-10/20 points Missing/incorrect on 5 more questions/definitions, or incomplete sentence(s), or modifying the format of this document in numbering or highlighting or bolding. 0 points Late, no submission, or or the wrong file uploaded

AGOR 1_HORT SCI Weeds Dialogue Name: Vocabulary 1. You know where to find these definitions now- the lecture, glossary, index, and the text. And you know not to use google as a source for definitions in this course. a. Yes, we are using the language of the California Master Gardener Handbook, not google. b. I’ll give google a shot and throw away some points. Term Definition Weed Plant that interferes with the intended use of land and water resources, cause health problems, or reduce aesthetic value of a site Noxious weeds Weeds so difficult to control that CA and other states have passed legislation providing for their intensive control or eradication by law Invasive (or noxious) plants Distinct group of weeds that occur in a natural habitat. Non-natives that infest natural ecosystems. An important difference between invasive plants and garden weeds is that invasive plants can disperse, establish and spread in uncultivated areas Cultural Controls Modify the environment to favor the crop and decrease weed advantage. The way we take care of our plants; pruning, irrigation, fertilization, soil compaction, plant selection Physical/Mechanical Controls Physically or mechanically combatting weeds. Hoeing, cultivation, hand pulling, rototilling, discing, mowing, chopping, running over, kicking, placement of barriers Biological Control Use of one living organism to control another. Insects and pathogens that may feed on weeds Chemical Control The use of herbicides Selective Herbicide Herbicides that differentiate between plant species- to be used to control weeds in a crop or ornamental situation in which the weeds are killed but the desirable plants are not injured Non-selective Herbicide Herbicides that do not differentiate between plant species- to be used when all vegetation is to be killed Systemic Herbicide An herbicide absorbed into the plant and moves inside the plant’s conductive tissue by translocation Contact Herbicide An herbicide that kills only those parts of the plant it touches, usually the leaves Pre-emergent Herbicide Pre-emergent herbicides prevent weed growth by forming a chemical barrier in the soil, inhibiting seed germination. Post-emergent Herbicide Post-emergent herbicides are applied to control visible weeds, targeting and killing them after they've sprouted.

AGOR 1_HORT SCI Weeds Dialogue Name: Questions 2. Here we are, chapter 8, Weed Science. And it starts out with a definition and function of weeds. Read the Definition and Function of Weeds section. Please use complete sentence to answer the following question: Weed scientists point out that weeds are particularly noteworthy for which characteristics? Weeds are difficult to control because of their fast growth, high reproduction rate, adaptability to harsh conditions, and adaptability to various environments. They often colonize aggressively, effectively competing for resources such as nutrients, water and light. 3. Read the Definition and Function of Weeds section: (read carefully, this question is missed more frequently than most other questions on this dialogue) Statewide, more dollars are spent to control invasive insects than any other plant pests, and losses caused by invasive insects typically exceed losses from any other category of agricultural pest. a. True b. False 4. Read the Definition and Function of Weeds section: List 4 advantages and 4 disadvantages of weeds. That’s right, even weeds can provide some advantages! The lecture can also help you with this. You do not need complete sentences here. Disadvantages Advantages Resource Competition Weeds can serve as indicator plants, providing clues about soil conditions Aesthetic Impact Weeds can support a diverse range of insects Harboring Pests Some weeds help in maintaining soil structure and preventing erosion. Difficult to clear weeds weeds are known to pull up nutrients from deep within the soil and make them available on the surface when they decompose, potentially benefiting other plants. 5. California is an incredible state for plants for many reasons. Read the Invasive Plants of California section. Be patient and you will find the exact wording. Fill in the blanks:

AGOR 1_HORT SCI Weeds Dialogue Name: California boasts the greatest amount of natural botanical diversity of any state within the United States, with nearly _____________ 5000________ native species. In addition to native species, about ____ 1000____ non-native established species. About ____ 200__ to ___ 250__ of these are weeds of agricultural crops, turf or garden. 6. Read the Weed Classification section. Understanding weed classification is key to controlling them. Knowing the identity of a weed is the first step in learning about its life cycle, growth and development. a. True b. False 7. Read the Weed Classification section. This is an interesting one. Which of the following statements is FALSE? a. Spotted spurge (Euphorbia maculata) also goes by the names milk purslane, prostrate spurge, spotted pusley and sandmat. b. A single common name may also refer to several very different species. c. Identification by genus and species is most important for scientific publications and for master gardener purposes. d. A given plant may have many common names 8. Stay patient and read the text. You may have to reread it a few times. That is normal. Remember to line up the wording from the question with the wording from the text. a. Ok I recognize I need to read, be patient, and use the wording in the dialogue to help match up the answer in the text b. I have not read this and may lose points 9. Read the Weed Classification section. Use complete sentences to describe : What are the two kinds of annual weeds and describe their growth cycles? Wild oat is an example of a summer annual weed. It germinates in the spring when soil temperatures rise. It grows rapidly during the warmer months and tends to be very competitive with crops for nutrients Lambs quarters is an annual weed that germinates in spring and grows rapidly in warm conditions. It thrives in rich soil. After flowering, it produces a large number of seeds, completing its life cycle in late summer or fall. Seeds can remain viable in the soil for many years, ensuring persistence

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