Chapter 19 - Oxidative Phosphorylation

In electron transport, each of the following respiratory complexes is involved in the flow of electrons from NADH to O2 except   A) complex I. B) complex II. C) complex III. D) complex IV. E) All of the complexes are involved

9 .The energy of electron transport (by the ETC) serves to move protons (hydrogen ions, or H+) to the intermembrane space of the mitochondrion.  How does this help the mitochondrion produce ATP? a) This movement of protons sets up the electrochemical gradient that drives ATP synthesis in the mitochondrion. b) The protons pick up electrons from the electron transport chain on their way through the inner mitochondrial membrane c) The protons receive electrons from the NAD+ and FAD that were accepted in glycolysis ad the citric acid cycle d) The protons are transferred to oxygen in an energy-releasing reaction

5. a) The cell creates molecules of NADH and FADH2to use in the electron transport chain as they are electron carrier molecules. The electron transfers from these moleculesdrives the movement of what molecule across the mitochondrial membrane?b) What is chemiosmosis?c) How does the cell use chemiosmosis to drive overcome the thermodynamic barrier of bringing phosphates close togehter to create ATP?d) What steps of oxidative phosphorylation are in the cytosol and which are in the mitochondria?e) Cellular respiration can be controlled at the post-translational level. What does this mean, using GLUT as an example? Why is post-translational control of GLUT evolutionarilyadaptive over transcriptional control?f) How does establishment of equillibria of various molecules control metabolic reactions? What are three ways high ATP in the cell control cellular respiration?g) Why are the enzymes controlling the initial steps of various biochemical pathways are targeted by allosteric control?

1) Using the equations for cellular respiration and photosynthesis, explain what makes one pathway overwhelmingly anabolic and the other overwhelmingly catabolic. 2) Write out the equation for cellular respiration in words. What molecule is reduced and which is oxidized? 3) What goes into, and what comes out of the four steps of cellular respiration (glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, the citric acid cycle, electron transport chain)? 4) Differentiate between and describe the three types of phosphorylation as discussed in the lecture and additional narrated whiteboard work available on in your "video material" for the week. You should go into detail here. Go into EXTREME detail with regard to oxidative phosphorylation. That will absolutely be represented in a BIG way on your next exam.

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1) If we put a photosynthetic organism in a closed, sealed environment and shine a light on it, we observe that the CO2 and O2 levels in the container reach constant levels. a) Explain why this would occur. b) What factor/value would you expect to be the primary determinant of this value?

17. Which of the following chemical formula summarizes cellular respiration? Group of answer choices 6CO2 + 6O2 + light energy  6H2O + C6H12O6 6CO2 + 6H2O + light energy  C6H12O6 + 6O2 C6H12O6 + 6O2  6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP C6H12O6 + 6H2O  6O2 + 6CO2 + ATP

3) Compare the chemiosmotic process in aerobic respiration to the similar process seen in photosynthesis.

3. a) List the three steps of aerobic respiration in which a cell takes a molecule of glucose and produces energy, carbon dioxide and water?  b) Photosynthesis is broken down into light reaction and dark reactions: What are the products and reactants of the light reactions?  What are the products and reactants of the dark reactions?

The redox carriers are grouped into respiratory chain complex (A) In the inner mitochondrial membrane (B) In mitochondiral matrix (C) On the outer mitochondrial membrane (D) On the inner surface of outer mitochondrial membrane

Indicate whether the statement is true for aerobic respiration, photosynthesis or both: NADH is oxidized to NAD+ at complex I a)Aerobic Respiration b)Photosynthesis c)Both

As an end result of electron transfer through the transport chain in mitochondria 1. pH in mitochondrial matrix is decreased 2. pH in mitochondrial matrix in increased 3. pH in the intermembrane space is increased 4. pH in the cytoplasm in decreased

Pls help

2. Please, determine the answers of these multiple choices, they’re in a,b,c’s. A) The role of oxygen in oxidative phosphorylation (cellular breathing) is: -To be the last electron acceptor in the electron transfer chain -To hydrolyse carbohydrates - To add hydrogen ions to pyruvic acid at the end of glycolysis -To provide electrons for NADP reduction -To provide hydrogen ions B) Which molecule has the most potential energy? -glucose -phosphate -fructose 1-6 diphosphate -ethanol -I'ATP C) What is the product of fermentation in yeasts? -carbonic acid -oxygen -ATP -lactic acid -ethanol

Select the correct statements about cellular respiration (select all that apply) 1) Chemical energy in glucose is transformed to the form of ATP 2)The over all equation for cellular respiration is C6H12O6 + 6O2 —> 6CO2 + 6H2O + 36ATP 3)Cellular respiration takes place in the ribosomes 4) The phases include glycolysis, the kraft cycle, and the electron transport 5) The overall equation for cellular respiration is glucose + oxygen —> carbon monoxide + water + ADP 6) The phases include glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and the electron transport chain 7) The breakdown of ATP drives the synthesis of glucose

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1) When a de-coupler such as 2,4-DNP is added to a respiring mitochondrion, which of the following effects on the process of ETC-OP will be true, which will be false. a) Mitochondria no longer reduce O2 to H2 b) Electrons no longer enter the electron transport chain. c) Activity of Complex V (ATP Synthase) is greatly decreased. d) The P/O ratio for FADH2 becomes larger than the P/O ratio for NADH. e) Protons are no longer pumped from the mitochondrial matrix to the intermembrane space. 2) The rate-limiting step in fatty acid synthesis is: a) condensation of acetyl-CoA and malonyl-CoA. b) formation of acetyl-CoA from acetate. c) formation of malonyl-CoA from malonate and coenzyme A. d) the reaction catalyzed by acetyl-CoA carboxylase.

1. Which of the following processes generates the most ATP? (Account for the no. of ATP) a. ) Citric Acid Cycle b.) Fatty Acid oxidation c.) Glycogenolysis d.) Glycolysis e.) Pentose phosphate pathway   2. What is the overall chemical changes that occur during one complete turn of the Krebs cycle? 3. Does the mitochondrial matrix ever run out of protons for pumping in oxidative phosphorylation?

Answer all the questions briefly and concisely (see attached photo below)

Answer all the following questions briefly and concisely 1. Where does photosynthesis occur in a phototrophic eukaryote? 2.Why would a bacteria that uses photosynthetic processes have various colors? 3. How can fermentation be used to distinguish between different microorganism types? 4. How are routes for glucose metabolism connected to the byproducts of lipid and protein degradation? 5. Why would a living thing choose to engage in cyclic phosphorylation as opposed to noncyclic phosphorylation?  6. What role do photosynthetic pigments play in the complex that captures light? 7. Why are autotrophic organisms required to fix CO2 and also respire or ferment in addition to this?

Which of the following is NOT found in BOTH aerobic respiration and photosynthesis pathways?   a) ATP b) Electron transport proteins c) NADPH d) Chemiosmosis e) ATP Synthase

2c. 2d. We know that most pigments are found in the chloroplasts of eukaryotic cells. Specifically WHERE is chlorophyll located in the chloroplast? Some PROKARYOTES are photosynthetic. Predict where the pigments might be located in these cells. Activity #3. Determining optimal wavelength of light used during spinach leaf photosynthesis Note: You'll need to read through this lab exercise and your textbook to answer these questions. Answer choices for questions #1-4 (Each answer can be used more than ADP ATP CO₂ Glucose H₂O Light NADP+ NADPH 0₂ 3. Which of the above are directly required by the light reactions? Hint: See the photosynthesis chapter in your textbook. 4. Which of the above are directly produced by the light reactions? 5. Which of the above are directly required by the Calvin cycle? 6. Which of the above are directly produced by the Calvin cycle? 11 7. (a) In our experiment, what will cause the leaf discs to float? (b) The greater the number of floating discs, the (greater…

Match the terms   a) Calvin cycle occurs in                                 1) Non-cyclic phosphorylation   b) PEP carboxylase is for                                 2) stroma   c)  D1 and D2 are part of                                3) PSI   d) Cyclic phosphorylation belongs to              4) Cyclic phosphorylation   e) ATP produced in                                            5) PSII   f) NADPH and ATP produced in                        6) C4

D. REDUCING EQUIVALENTS FROM SUCCINATE ENTER THE MITOCHONDRIAL RESPIRATORY CHAIN AT (A) NAD (B) COENZYME Q (C) FAD (D) CYT C

13) When electrons flow through the electron transport system from NADH to oxygen, what is the sequence of molecules through which they move?

II. Answer the following: 1. What does NADPH do? 2. In the Krebs cycle, isocitrate releases a molecule of carbon dioxide, leaving behind a five carbon molecule called

Question 6 Review Concept 42.7. Match the term and its description. Each term can only be used once. These are proteins that transport oxygen, greatly increase the amount of oxygen that blood can carry. | Choose ) Increase PCO2 and decreased pH promote Hb oxygen unloading. | Choose ) These are the forms that most carbon dioxide is transported. |Choose J

Please explain question two in details!

Can someone explain to me what does Oxidation, Reduction and Redox reaction means in terms of cellular respiration? I am having a hard time understanding the core concept.

Describe the impact of each of the following on cellular respiration 1. A mutation in ubiquinone (Q) that makes it more a polar molecule. 2. A mutation in the pyruvate carrier protein in the mitochondrial membrane that decreases transport.

14-2. Explain whether the following statements are true or false. Justify the false ones.A. Many, but not all, of the electron transfer reactions involve metal ions.B. The electron transport chain generates an electrical potential across the membrane because it moves electrons from the intermembrane space into the mitochondrial matrix.C. The proton electrochemical gradient consists of two components: a difference in pH and an electrical potential.D. Ubiquinone and cytochrome c are both electron carriers that are easily diffused.E. Plants have chloroplasts and therefore can live without mitochondria.F. Both chlorophyll and the heme group consist of a system of double bonds that allow it to absorb visible light.G. The role of chlorophyll in photosynthesis is equivalent to that of the heme group in the mitochondrial electron transport chain.H. Much of the dry weight of a tree comes from the minerals it takes from the ground at its root.

Which of these is the correct equation (not including energy sources or products) for CELLULAR RESPIRATION : 6C6H1206 + 602 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O C6H1206 + O2 -> CO2 + H2O C6H1206 + 602 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O 6H2O + 602 -> 6CO2 + C6H12O6