Sample Exercise Chap 6

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Herbig Chapter 6 Sample Problems Sample Exercise 1: Energy Diagram The internal energy for Mg(s) and Cl 2 (g) is greater than that of MgCl 2 (s). Sketch an energy diagram that represents the reaction: Mg(s) + Cl 2 (g) MgCl 2 (s) Sample Exercise 2: Relating Heat and Work to Changes of Internal Energy Two gases, A( g ) and B( g ), are confined in a cylinder-and-piston arrangement like that in the Figure. Substances A and B react to form a solid product: A( g ) + B( g ) → C( s ). As the reaction occurs, the system loses 1150 J of heat to the surroundings. The piston moves downward as the gases react to form a solid. As the volume of the gas decreases under the constant pressure of the atmosphere, the surroundings do 480 J of work on the system. What is the change in the internal energy of the system? 1
Herbig Chapter 6 Sample Problems Chemists Know These Things: Work = Pressure x Volume Sample Exercise 3: Relating Heat and Work to Changes of Internal Energy A sample of nitrogen gas expands in volume from 1.6 L to 5.4 L at constant temperature. What is the work done in joules if the gas expands: a) against a vacuum and b) against a constant pressure of 3.7 atm? Sample Exercise 4 : Why negative PΔV? → → 2
Herbig Chapter 6 Sample Problems Chemists Know These Things When the system changes at constant pressure , Sample Exercise 5: Determining the Sign of Δ H Indicate the sign of the enthalpy change, Δ H , in each of the following processes carried out under atmospheric pressure, and indicate whether the process is endothermic or exothermic: a) An ice cube melts b) 1 g of butane (C 4 H 10 ) is combusted in sufficient oxygen to give complete combustion to CO 2 and H 2 O. 3
Herbig Chapter 6 Sample Problems Sample Exercise 6: Enthalpy Diagrams The complete combustion of acetic acid, CH 3 COOH(l) to form H 2 O(l) and CO 2 (g) at constant pressure releases 871.7 kJ per mole of CH 3 COOH. a) Write the balanced equation for the reaction. b) Draw the enthalpy diagram for the reaction. Sample Exercise 7: Relating ΔH to Quantities of Reactants and Products How much heat is released when 4.50 g of acetic acid is burned in a constant pressure system? 4
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