lab112

1. LABORATORY PRACTICE 04 ETHANOL BIOSYNTHESIS 1. Show the mechanism of action for the formation of sucrose to ethanol. 2. Describe fractional distillation and the advantages over simple distillation. 3. Draw the fractional distillation apparatus on a micro scale and identify its parts.

How to answer A-F?

5. You attempted to perform paper chromatography of phenylalanine as it reacts with phenylalanine aminolyase in the reaction shown below: HO. HO, NH2 phenylalanine cinnamic acid On lane 1, you spotted the initial reactant, followed by lanes 2, 3, and 4, where you spotted the reaction mixture over time. You used a toluene-ethyl acetate mixture as mobile phase. You visualized the chromatograph using UV lamp. What would be the expected chromatograph? C -E-T-+-+- ---+-+-+ - --- -F - E - t - ---+-+ - t - 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4

what are the intermidiates and final products for these reactions

need help on this

Part IV: 1. Provide the mechanism and product for the reaction shown below. Br -ONal DMF 2. Provide the energy diagram for the reaction shown above. Label enthalpy of the reaction and activation energy.

Where is the p-tertbuttlphenol that should be in breaker B explain what happened.

1a.)  Cation intermediate formed during this reaction 1b.) Consider the resulting cation carefully and decide where chloride would add (draw those products below): chloride adds faster based on the proximity effect (kinetic product): 1c.) Chloride adds based on the distribution of positive charge (resonance) of the cation (thermodynamic product)

please answer in text form and in proper format answer with must explanation , calculation for each part and steps clearly

1.

Part I: Acid - Base Indicators Color of acid-base indicator in water # of drops of 6 M HCI needed for color change to yellow # of drops of 6 M NaOH needed for color change to violet Fill in or circle your answer. HCI addition: Reaction 5 shifts NaOH addition: Reaction 5 shifts HMV H+ +MV- Dark purple 18 30 (Reaction 5) because adding HCI increases/decreases because adding NaOH increases/decreases

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Please answer d) i and ii

what happens to the pigment of egg yolk during emulsion? Explain the mechanism or the reason why the color of the mayonnaise became pale after doing emulsion (especially if properly executed)

3. The Seliwanoff Test tests for ketoses by forming hydroxymethylfurfural (shown below) when heated with a strong mineral acid. This compound forms a red complex with resorcinol (1,3-dihydroxybenzene). The Seliwanoff reagent is a freshly prepared solution of 0.5% resorcinol in concentrated HCl. A visible red complex will form quickly with ketoses and more slowly with aldoses. a. Draw fructose and identify the three alcohol functional groups involved in the dehydra- tion reactions necessary to convert fructose into hydroxymethylfurfural. HO O b. Draw the mechanism for each (one of them includes an enol tautomeriza- tion reaction!).

0. What is the difference between general acid-base catalysis and specific acid-base catalysis? (Assume that the solvent is water.)

Please provide a picture of the drawn out arrow pushing mechanism for the pictured reaction...

Fischer Esterification What is the experimental and theoretical percent yield?

1. To pass Chem 18.1, ELIBAP must be able to determine the melting points of three ester compounds extracted and purified from three different plants. Ester 1 Ester 2 Ester 3 :0: H. MW: 182.17 g/mol MW: 152.15 g/mol MW: 164.20 g/mol Possible Melting Points: -31 °C 64-67 °C -9 °C a. Given the molar mass and molecular structures of the esters, determine their most possible melting points. b. According to her friend who took Chem 18.1 last semester, one of the ester compounds exists as a solid above room temperature (25 °C) while the rest remain in their liquid forms. Identify the ester which is present in solid form above room temperature. Draw the structure.

Is the Alkoxy ion a stable intermediate? If the reaction conditions were acidic , suggest the possible products formed from a Cannizaro reaction. Why is cleaning of glass equipment with acetone prohibited in this experiment?

Explain the mechanism of ethyl benzoate 1 Add File Q2- Find the percentage of aspirin if you know that the weight of salicylic acid is 1 gm and the practical weight of aspirin is 0.8 * 1 Add File Q3-compare between maleic acid and fumaricacid * 1 Add File

Struggling with mechanisms.

At the start of lab, Anthony adds vanillin to his Erlenmeyer flask, then adds sodium hydroxide, and lets the suspension cool. i. With minimal words, identify the reaction that takes place between sodium hydroxide and vanillin. ii. Is sodium borohydride capable of inducing the same reaction as (i)? Explain.

Why should we Study Elimination Reactions?

In this experiment, which reactant maintains a relatively constant concentration throughout the reaction? Only red dye maintains a relatively constant concentration throughout the reaction. Only bleach maintains a relatively constant concentration throughout the reaction. Both bleach and red dye maintain relatively constant concentrations throughout the reaction. Neither bleach nor red dye maintain relatively constant concentrations throughout the reaction.

Calculate k, the degradation rate constant, responsible for drug degradation in this solution (in month-1).

fill in the table with the appropriate information

You’ve made a 25 mM stock of colchicine (a tubulin inhibitor; dissolved in distilled water), which you’d like to use to study the effect of tubulin on phagocytosis in T. pyriformis. Based on published research articles that you’ve read, you’d like to preincubate T. pyriformis with colchicine at a final, effective concentration of 75 µM. Assuming you need 40 µL of the cell+colchicine mixture for your experiment, please explain how you can use your 25 mM solution of colchicine, T. pyriformis cells, and distilled water to create your cell+colchicine mixture.

What conditions are required to compete steps 4&5 in this sequence

Draw Imine Ion Intermediate 1. H3O+ 2. Neutralizing work-up Drawing

a.Why can’t the elements of a compound be separated from one another by physical means?   b.An Alka-Seltzer antacid tablet reacts vigorously with water. But how does this tablet react to a a solution of half water and half corn syrup? Propose an explanation involving the relationship between reaction speed and the frequency of molecular collisions.

QUESTION 44 Propose a synthetic route for the following conversion: OH cyclobutanol 1,2-epoxycyclohexane Write your answer on paper, upload the digital copy on the "Exam Folder" on your google drive. Type the link to the exam folder as response to this item. Deadline: 12 MN

can you answer activity 4?

Activity 1 Strengtg of IMFA qnd Physical Properties of Covalent Compounds

What is the deltaH for the overall decomposition in this reaction. Please show work NH4CL(s)--> NH3(G)+HCI (g)