FSQ 2204 - Experiment 1 parviz
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Apr 3, 2024
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EXPERIMENT 1A and 1B PROTEIN DENATURATION Objective: To experiment with different methods of denaturing the protein present in milk (Casein) Materials required: Distilled white vinegar (acetic acid), 5% acidity Hot plate/ Bunsen burner Pasteurized whole milk Beakers Rennet tablets (Junket) Balance Epsom salt (magnesium sulfate) Thermometer Cheesecloth Foil Rubber bands Hammer Stirring rod/ wood Popsicle Sticks Eyedroppers Heatproof gloves Heatproof pads Weigh boats Graduated cylinder Background Denaturation occurs when the bonding interactions responsible for the secondary structure (hydrogen bonds to amides) and tertiary structure are disrupted. In tertiary structure, there are four types of bonding interactions between "side chains" including hydrogen bonding, salt bridges, disulfide bonds, and non-polar hydrophobic interactions, which may be disrupted because of different conditions and reagents. The most common observation in the denaturation process is the precipitation or coagulation of the protein. Procedure –
PART A1 Precipitation of casein from milk with an acid (vinegar) 1. Weight the empty beaker and record the weight. Weigh and record the weight of 50 milliliters of milk in the beaker. Record the weight of the milk in the data table (weight of beaker with milk –
the weight of beaker = weight of milk). 2. Place the beaker with the milk on a hot plate. Heat the milk to 21°C (70°F). Turn off the hot plate and remove the beaker.
3. Add 6 milliliters of vinegar to warm the milk and stir for 2 minutes, then allow the milk to sit for 5 minutes. The casein will precipitate into heavy white curds. 4. Cut out a piece (2-3 layers) of cheesecloth large enough to cover the top and 2 inches down the sides of a beaker. Use the rubber band; fasten the cheesecloth over the top of the beaker. Pour the curdled milk into the beaker, collecting the curds (casein) in the cheesecloth and allowing the vinegar and whey to drain off into the bottom of the beaker. 5. Gather up the cheesecloth with the casein and rinse in cool water by dipping into another beaker containing water. 6. Squeeze the casein until almost dry, then spread out the cheesecloth to let the casein dry for 5 minutes. 7. Weigh the precipitate (Do not weigh the cheesecloth with the precipitate). Record your results. PART –
A2: Enzymatic coagulation of the casein from milk with rennet
1. Place 1/4 of a crushed rennet tablet into a beaker. 2. Weigh the empty beaker and record the weight. Weigh and record the weight of 50 milliliters of milk in the beaker. Record the weight of the milk in the data table (weight of beaker with milk - weight of beaker = weight of milk). 3. Place the beaker with the milk on a hot plate. Heat the milk to 43°C (11 0°F). Pour the hot milk over the rennet tablet, stir for 2 minutes, and allow the milk to sit on the lab bench for 5 minutes. 4. Collect the curds by pouring the curds and liquid into a beaker covered with Cheesecloth (2-
3 layers) (see step 4 in Part 1). Gather up the cheesecloth and squeeze out the liquid whey from the curds. Spread out the cheesecloth to allow the curds to dry for 5 minutes. 5. Weigh the curds. (Do not weigh the cheesecloth with the curd). Record your results. DATA TABLE- MILK CURDS (2 points) Weight of milk/soymilk Weight of curd Describe the curd (color, texture) Milk + acid Milk + rennet Weight of beaker with milk –
weight of beaker = Weight of milk
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