Planning_Document_First_Rough_Draft

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Jan 9, 2024

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1 Planning Document First Rough Draft Southern New Hampshire University SCI-200: Applied Natural Sciences November 19, 2023

2 Planning Document First Rough Draft My issue: The process of ocean acidification is a complex and significant issue that has severe implications for our planet. It occurs when carbon dioxide is absorbed by seawater, and this leads to a series of reactions that ultimately cause a decrease in the concentration of carbonate ions in the ocean (Murphy & Raisman, 2013). This reduction in carbonate ions makes it challenging for marine organisms to form their shells and skeletons, which is a critical aspect of their survival. Organisms such as corals, mollusks, and plankton are the foundation of the ocean's food chain, and their inability to form their shells and skeletons has a ripple effect throughout the entire marine ecosystem (Murphy & Raisman, 2013). This reduction in the population of these organisms makes them more vulnerable to predation, and they cannot provide food for larger organisms. Consequently, the entire food chain is disrupted, and entire ecosystems can collapse, leading to a catastrophic loss of biodiversity and affecting countless species that depend on the oceans for survival. The rise in carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere due to human activities such as burning fossil fuels, deforestation, and industrial processes is causing a significant issue - ocean acidification (Murphy & Raisman, 2013). This phenomenon occurs when seawater absorbs carbon dioxide, decreasing pH levels and making the ocean more acidic. The severity of this problem demands immediate action. We must take measures to reduce carbon emissions, invest in renewable energy sources, and promote sustainable practices to mitigate the effects of ocean acidification. Failure to act now could have disastrous consequences for the health of our oceans and all the marine life that depends on it. My question:

3 As carbon dioxide continues to be absorbed from the atmosphere and the ocean becomes increasingly acidic, the impact on marine wildlife and human communities who depend on the ocean is a growing concern. What are the potential consequences for these vulnerable populations? My science resources: 1. My first source is titled "Dealing with Ocean Acidification: The Problem, the Clean Water Act, and State and Regional Approaches." In my quest to learn about ocean acidification and its environmental impact, I found an academic journal titled "Dealing with Ocean Acidification: The Problem, the Clean Water Act, and State and Regional Approaches." Authored by Robin Kundis Craig, a renowned environmental law scholar, this source provides detailed insights into ocean protection and pollution laws (Craig, 2016). What sets this source apart is its historical perspective on ocean protection and the measures taken to conserve ocean waters. This academic source will help me better understand how we can protect our oceans from the menace of acidification. While my other sources focus on understanding the consequences of acidification and providing general information about the problem, this source delves deeper into ocean protection's legal framework and how we can tackle this issue through state and regional approaches. 2. My second source is titled "The other carbon-dioxide problem; Ocean acidification." While researching, I stumbled upon a fascinating source that delves into ocean acidification and its relationship with carbon dioxide. The source captured my attention by providing a comprehensive and in-depth explanation of the chemical changes that occur in the ocean as it becomes more acidic. It is an excellent read that covers a wide range of information, including the various risks and consequences that marine creatures face due to ocean acidification (The

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4 Economist, 2010). The source emphasizes how these consequences can have a significant impact on human life as well. What I found particularly impressive about this source is that it was published by the Economist Intelligence Unit, which ensures that information has been rigorously tested and peer-reviewed for accuracy. This source stands out from my other references due to its focus on the impact of ocean acidification and proposed solutions rather than presenting general facts and carbon dioxide information. The in-depth analysis of the effects of ocean acidification and its potential solutions makes it an invaluable resource for those seeking a comprehensive understanding of this complex issue. 3. My third source is titled " Ocean acidification impacts on coral reefs: From sciences to solutions." I selected this source because it provides in-depth insights into the effects of ocean acidification on coral reefs. It is crucial to understand this topic comprehensively, as it plays a significant role in my research on ocean acidification. Coral reefs are essential to marine ecosystems and the economies of certain coastal countries (Allemand & Osborn 2019). They serve as a natural habitat for many aquatic species, and their gradual degradation due to ocean acidification is a matter of concern. This source sheds light on the complex mechanisms that drive ocean acidification and how they impact coral reefs. It also delves into the economic implications of the loss of coral reefs, such as the impact on tourism and fishing industries in coastal regions (Allemand & Osborn, 2019). The authors of this academic journal are credible. Allemand specializes in marine organism physiology, especially reef-building corals, while Osborn is the Director of Environment Laboratories at IAEA, focusing on core environmental issues. The article provides detailed insights into the specific effects of ocean acidification on marine

5 ecosystems, as opposed to my other two sources that offer more general information on acidification and its management. My audience and message: My presentation is specifically geared towards individuals keenly interested in environmentalism and well-informed about human activities' devastating impact on our planet's climate. Through my presentation, I aim to provide these individuals with comprehensive and detailed information about the phenomenon of ocean acidification, including its causes, effects, and long-term consequences. My research on this topic has revealed the crucial importance of maintaining clean and healthy oceans, not just for the well-being of marine life but also for the stability of our planet's complex climate system. I will present the most recent and up-to-date scientific findings on the subject, along with insights into ocean acidification's ecological and environmental concepts. To make my presentation engaging and captivating, I will use precise and straightforward language, free from jargon and technical terms, to convey the complex scientific and ecological concepts of ocean acidification in a way accessible to everyone. Identify principles: My research has revealed that releasing carbon dioxide into the atmosphere has increased ocean acidity, which has severe consequences for marine life (Murphy & Raisman, 2013). This process, known as ocean acidification, occurs when carbon dioxide dissolves in seawater, forming carbonic acid (Murphy & Raisman, 2013). As a result, the pH level of the ocean decreases, making it more acidic. This can negatively impact marine ecosystems, such as coral reefs, by inhibiting the growth and reproduction of organisms vital to their survival. Furthermore, it can have far-reaching consequences for human populations that rely on the ocean for food and livelihood.

6 Explain principles: My investigation has uncovered a crucial link between the increased carbon dioxide emissions and the rising ocean acidity levels. This phenomenon, widely recognized as ocean acidification, results from carbon dioxide dissolving in seawater and forming carbonic acid (Murphy & Raisman, 2013). The ocean's pH level decreases, rendering it more acidic, leading to severe consequences for marine life. The delicate balance of marine ecosystems, such as coral reefs, is disrupted, and the growth and reproduction of organisms vital to their survival are inhibited (Murphy & Raisman, 2013). These changes can affect people relying on the ocean for sustenance and livelihood. My research findings demonstrate the harmful effects of carbon dioxide on the ocean, which is of utmost importance to address.

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7 References Craig, R. (2016). Dealing with Ocean Acidification: The Problem, the Clean Water Act, and State and Regional Approaches. Washington Law Review , 90 (4), 1583–1658. https://eds-s- ebscohost-com.ezproxy.snhu.edu/eds/detail/detail?vid=12&sid=9a5bbc25-790c-47c4- 8b20-8c47ca32df27%40redis&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWRzLWxpdmUmc2NvcGU9c2l0ZQ %3d%3d#AN=112457189&db=asn Murphy, D. T., & Raisman, S. (2013). Ocean acidification: Elements and Considerations . Nova Science Publishers. The other carbon-dioxide problem; Ocean acidification. (2010, July 3). The Economist , 396 (8689), 76(US). https://link-gale- com.ezproxy.snhu.edu/apps/doc/A230274165/STND? u=nhc_main&sid=ebsco&xid=d5c4fd20 Allemand, D., & Osborn, D. (2019). Ocean acidification impacts on coral reefs: From sciences to solutions. Regional Studies in Marine Science , 28 , 100558. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rsma.2019.100558