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.py
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George Mason University *
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Course
262
Subject
Computer Science
Date
Feb 20, 2024
Type
py
Pages
2
Uploaded by ConstableFlamingo152
#!python3
import sys
import hashlib
from base64 import b64encode, b64decode
import math
# HINT: why is hash_interna_node included?
from merkle_utils import MerkleProof, hash_internal_node, hash_leaf
merkle_proof_file = "merkle_proof.txt" # File where merkle proof is written.
MAXHEIGHT = 20 # Max height of Merkle tree
NUM_LEAVES = 1000 # Number of leaves in Merkle Tree
def write_merkle_proof(filename, merkle_proof: MerkleProof):
"""Helper function that outputs the merkle proof to a file in a format for it to be read easily by the verifier."""
fp = open(filename, "w")
print("leaf position: {pos:d}".format(pos=merkle_proof.pos), file=fp)
print("leaf value: \"{leaf:s}\"".format(leaf=merkle_proof.leaf.decode('utf-
8')), file=fp)
print("Hash values in proof:", file=fp)
for i in range(len(merkle_proof.hashes)):
print(" {:s}".format(b64encode(merkle_proof.hashes[i]).decode('utf-8')), file=fp)
fp.close()
def gen_leaves_for_merkle_tree():
"""Generates 1000 leaves for the merkle tree"""
# The leaves never change and so they always produce the same # Merkle root (ROOT in verifier.py)
leaves = [b"data item " + str(i).encode() for i in range(NUM_LEAVES)]
print('\nI generated #{} leaves for a Merkle tree.'.format(NUM_LEAVES))
return leaves
def gen_merkle_proof(leaves, pos):
"""Takes as input a list of leaves and a leaf position.
Returns the a the list of hashes that prove the leaf is in the tree at position pos."""
height = math.ceil(math.log(len(leaves),2))
assert height < MAXHEIGHT, "Too many leaves."
# hash all the leaves
state = list(map(hash_leaf, leaves)) # Pad the list of hashed leaves to a power of two
padlen = (2**height)-len(leaves)
state += [b"\x00"] * padlen
# initialize a list that will contain the hashes in the proof
hashes = []
level_pos = pos # local copy of pos
for level in range(height):
new_state = []
####### YOUR CODE GOES HERE ######
####### to hash internal nodes in the tree use the ######
####### function hash_internal_node(left,right) ######
# Returns list of hashes that make up the Merkle Proof
return hashes
### Main program
if __name__ == "__main__":
# Read leaf number from command line
# We generate a Merkle proof for this leaf
pos = 743 # default leaf number
if len(sys.argv) > 1:
pos = int(sys.argv[1])
assert 0 <= pos < NUM_LEAVES, "Invalid leaf number"
leaves = gen_leaves_for_merkle_tree()
# Generate the merkle proof
hashes = gen_merkle_proof(leaves, pos)
merkle_proof = MerkleProof(leaves[pos], pos, hashes)
# Write merkle proof to a file for the verifier to access
write_merkle_proof(merkle_proof_file, merkle_proof)
print('I generated a Merkle proof for leaf #{} in file {}\
n'.format(pos,merkle_proof_file))
sys.exit(0)
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