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10/7/23, 8:24 PM 13.3.2 Lab - Use Ping and Traceroute to Test Netw ork Connectivity about:blank 1/12 Lab - Use Ping and Traceroute to Test Network Connectivity Topology Addressing Table Device Interface IP Address / Prefix Default Gateway R1 G0/0/0 64.100.0.2 /30 N/A R1 G0/0/0 2001:db8:acad::2 /64 N/A R1 G0/0/0 fe80::2 N/A R1 G0/0/1 192.168.1.1 /24 N/A R1 G0/0/1 2001:db8:acad:1::1 /64 N/A R1 G0/0/1 fe80::1 N/A ISP G0/0/0 64.100.0.1 /30 N/A ISP G0/0/0 2001:db8:acad::1 /64 N/A ISP G0/0/0 fe80::1 N/A ISP G0/0/1 209.165.200.225 /27 N/A ISP G0/0/1 2001:db8:acad:200::225 /64 N/A ISP G0/0/1 fe80::225 N/A S1 VLAN 1 192.168.1.2 /24 192.168.1.1 S1 VLAN 1 2001db8:acad:1::2 /64 fe80::1 S1 VLAN 1 fe80::10 fe80::1 PC-A NIC 2001:db8:acad:1::10 /64 fe80::1 PC-A NIC 64.100.0.2 /30 N/A External NIC 209.165.200.226 /27 209.165.200.225 External NIC 2001:DB8:ACAD:200::226 /64 FE80::225  2013 - 2021 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public Page of 1 11 www.netacad.com Lab - Use Ping and Traceroute to Test Network Connectivity Objectives Part 1: Build and Configure the Network Part 2: Use Ping Command for Basic Network Testing Part 3: Use Tracert and Traceroute Commands for Basic Network Testing Part 4: Troubleshoot the Topology Background / Scenario

10/7/23, 8:24 PM 13.3.2 Lab - Use Ping and Traceroute to Test Netw ork Connectivity about:blank 2/12  2013 - 2021 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public Page of 1 11 www.netacad.com Lab - Use Ping and Traceroute to Test Network Connectivity Objectives Part 1: Build and Configure the Network Part 2: Use Ping Command for Basic Network Testing Part 3: Use Tracert and Traceroute Commands for Basic Network Testing Part 4: Troubleshoot the Topology Background / Scenario Ping and traceroute are two tools that are indispensable when testing TCP/IP network connectivity. Ping is a network administration utility used to test the reachability of a device on an IP network. This utility also measures the round-trip time for messages sent from the originating host to a destination computer. The ping utility is available on Windows, Unix-like operating systems (OS), and the Cisco Internetwork Operating System (IOS). The traceroute utility is a network diagnostic tool for displaying the path or route and measuring the transit delays of packets travelling an IP network. The tracert utility is available on Windows, and a similar utility, traceroute, is available on Unix-like OS and Cisco IOS. In this lab, the and commands are examined and command options are explored to modify ping traceroute the command behavior. Cisco devices and PCs are used in this lab for command exploration. The necessary Cisco device configurations are provided in this lab. Note : The routers used with CCNA hands-on labs are Cisco 4221 with Cisco IOS XE Release 16.9.4 (universalk9 image). The switches used in the labs are Cisco Catalyst 2960s with Cisco IOS Release 15.2(2) (lanbasek9 image). Other routers, switches, and Cisco IOS versions can be used. Depending on the model and Cisco IOS version, the commands available and the output produced might vary from what is shown in the labs. Refer to the Router Interface Summary Table at the end of the lab for the correct interface identifiers. Note : Make sure that the routers and switches have been erased and have no startup configurations. If you are unsure, contact your instructor. The template used by the Switch Database Manager (SDM) does not provide IPv6 address default bias capabilities. Verify that SDM is using either the template or the dual-ipv4-and-ipv6 lanbase-routing template. The new template will be used after reboot even if the configuration is not saved. S1# show sdm prefer Use the following commands to assign the template as the default SDM template. dual-ipv4-and-ipv6 S1# configure terminal S1(config)# sdm prefer dual-ipv4-and-ipv6 default S1(config)# end S1# reload Required Resources  2 Routers (Cisco 4221 with Cisco IOS XE Release 16.9.4 universal image or comparable)  1 Switch (Cisco 2960 with Cisco IOS Release 15.2(2) lanbasek9 image or comparable)  2 PCs (Windows with terminal emulation program, such as Tera Term)  Console cables to configure the Cisco IOS devices via the console ports  Ethernet and serial cables as shown in the topology  2013 - 2021 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public Page of 2 11 www.netacad.com Lab - Use Ping and Traceroute to Test Network Connectivity Instructions Part 1: Build and Configure the Network In Part 1, you will set up the network in the topology and configure the PCs and Cisco devices. The initial configurations for the routers and switches are provided for your reference. In this topology, static routing is used to route packets between networks. Step 1: Cable the network as shown in the topology.

10/7/23, 8:24 PM 13.3.2 Lab - Use Ping and Traceroute to Test Netw ork Connectivity about:blank 3/12  2013 - 2021 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public Page of 2 11 www.netacad.com Lab - Use Ping and Traceroute to Test Network Connectivity Instructions Part 1: Build and Configure the Network In Part 1, you will set up the network in the topology and configure the PCs and Cisco devices. The initial configurations for the routers and switches are provided for your reference. In this topology, static routing is used to route packets between networks. Step 1: Cable the network as shown in the topology. Step 2: Erase the configurations on the routers and switches, and reload the devices. Step 3: Configure PC IP addresses and default gateways according to the Addressing Table. Step 4: Configure the R1 and ISP routers and S1 switch using the initial configurations provided below. At the switch or router global configuration mode prompt, copy and paste the configuration for each device. Save the configuration to startup-config. Open configuration window Initial configurations for the R1 router: hostname R1 no ip domain lookup ipv6 unicast-routing interface g0/0/0 ip address 64.100.0.2 255.255.255.252 ipv6 address 2001:db8:acad::2/64 ipv6 address fe80::2 link-local ip nat outside no shutdown interface g0/0/1 ip add 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0 ipv6 address 2001:db8:acad:1::1/64 ipv6 address fe80::1 link-local ip nat inside no shutdown ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 64.100.0.1 ipv6 route 0::/0 2001:db8:acad::1 access-list 1 permit 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255 ip nat inside source list 1 interface g0/0/0 overload Close configuration window Initial configurations for ISP: Open configuration window hostname ISP no ip domain lookup ipv6 unicast-routing interface g0/0/0 ip address 64.100.0.1 255.255.255.252 ipv6 address 2001:db8:acad::1/64 ipv6 address fe80::1 link-local no shutdown  2013 - 2021 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public Page of 3 11 www.netacad.com Lab - Use Ping and Traceroute to Test Network Connectivity interface g0/0/1 ip add 209.165.200.225 255.255.255.224 ipv6 address 2001:db8:acad:200::225/64 ipv6 address fe80::225 link-local no shutdown ipv6 route ::/0 2001:db8:acad::2 Close configuration window Initial configurations for S1:

10/7/23, 8:24 PM 13.3.2 Lab - Use Ping and Traceroute to Test Netw ork Connectivity about:blank 4/12 no shutdown  2013 - 2021 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public Page of 3 11 www.netacad.com Lab - Use Ping and Traceroute to Test Network Connectivity interface g0/0/1 ip add 209.165.200.225 255.255.255.224 ipv6 address 2001:db8:acad:200::225/64 ipv6 address fe80::225 link-local no shutdown ipv6 route ::/0 2001:db8:acad::2 Close configuration window Initial configurations for S1: hostname S1 no ip domain-lookup interface vlan 1 ip add 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0 ipv6 address 2001:db8:acad:1::2/64 ipv6 address fe80::2 link-local no shutdown exit ip default-gateway 192.168.1.1 end Step 5: Configure an IP host table on the R1 router. The IP host table allows you to use a hostname to connect to a remote device rather than an IP address. The host table provides name resolution for the device with the following configurations. Copy and paste the following configurations for the R1 router. The configurations will allow you to use the hostnames for and ping traceroute commands on the R1 router. Open configuration window ip host Externalv4 209.165.200.226 ip host Externalv6 2001:db8:acad:200::226 ip host ISPv4 64.100.0.1 ip host ISPv6 2001:db8:acad::1 ip host PC-Av4 192.168.1.10 ip host PC-Av6 2001:db8:acad:1::10 ip host R1v4 64.100.0.2 ip host R1v6 2001:db8:acad::2 ip host S1v4 192.168.1.2 ip host S1v6 2001:db8:acad:1::2 end close configuration window Part 2: Use Ping Command for Basic Network Testing In Part 2 of this lab, use the command to verify end-to-end connectivity. Ping operates by sending ping Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) echo request packets to the target host and then waiting for an ICMP response. It can record the round trip time and any packet loss or routing loops. IP packets have a limited lifetime on the network. IP packets use an 8 bit Time to Live (IPv4) or Hop Limit (IPv6) header field value which specifies the maximum number of layer three hops that can be traversed on the path to their destination. Hosts on a network will set its own 8 bit value with a maximum value of 255. So each time an IP packet arrives at a layer three network device this value is reduced by one before it is forwarded to its destination. So if this value eventually reaches zero the IP packet is discarded.  2013 - 2021 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public Page of 4 11 www.netacad.com Lab - Use Ping and Traceroute to Test Network Connectivity You will examine the results with the command and the additional ping options that are available on ping Windows-based PCs and Cisco devices. Step 1: Test network connectivity from the R1 network using PC-A. All the pings from PC-A to other devices in the topology should be successful. If they are not, check the topology and the cabling, as well as the configuration of the Cisco devices and the PCs. a. Ping from PC-A to its default gateway using the IPv4 address (R1’s GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 interface). Open command prompt C:\> ping 192.168.1.1

10/7/23, 8:24 PM 13.3.2 Lab - Use Ping and Traceroute to Test Netw ork Connectivity about:blank 5/12  2013 - 2021 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public Page of 4 11 www.netacad.com Lab - Use Ping and Traceroute to Test Network Connectivity You will examine the results with the command and the additional ping options that are available on ping Windows-based PCs and Cisco devices. Step 1: Test network connectivity from the R1 network using PC-A. All the pings from PC-A to other devices in the topology should be successful. If they are not, check the topology and the cabling, as well as the configuration of the Cisco devices and the PCs. a. Ping from PC-A to its default gateway using the IPv4 address (R1’s GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 interface). Open command prompt C:\> ping 192.168.1.1 Pinging 192.168.1.1 with 32 bytes of data: Reply from 192.168.1.1: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=255 Reply from 192.168.1.1: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=255 Reply from 192.168.1.1: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=255 Reply from 192.168.1.1: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=255 Ping statistics for 192.168.1.1: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss), Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds: Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms In this example, four (4) ICMP requests, 32 bytes each, were sent and the responses were received in less than one millisecond with no packet loss. The transmission and reply time can increase as the ICMP requests and responses are processed by more devices during the journey to and from the final destination. This can also be done using the IPv6 address of the default gateway (R1’s GigabitEthernet 0/0/1 interface). C:\> ping 2001:db8:acad:1::1 Pinging 2001:db8:acad:1::1 with 32 bytes of data: Reply from 2001:db8:acad:1::1: time=5ms Reply from 2001:db8:acad:1::1: time=1ms Reply from 2001:db8:acad:1::1: time=1ms Reply from 2001:db8:acad:1::1: time=1ms Ping statistics for 2001:db8:acad:1::1: Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss), Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds: Minimum = 1ms, Maximum = 5ms, Average = 2ms b. From PC-A, ping the addresses listed in the following table and record the average round trip time and IPv4 Time to Live (TTL) or IPv6 Hop Limit. : Use WireShark to see the IPv6 Hop Limit value. Optional Destination Average Round Trip Time (ms) TTL / Hop Limit 192.168.1.10 3 128 2001:db8:acad:1::10 2 128 192.168.1.1 (R1) 0 255 2001:db8:acad:1::1 (R1) 0 255 192.168.1.2 (S1) 0 255  2013 - 2021 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public Page of 5 11 www.netacad.com Lab - Use Ping and Traceroute to Test Network Connectivity Destination Average Round Trip Time (ms) TTL / Hop Limit 2001:db8:acad:1::2(S1) blank blank 64.100.0.2 (R1) 0 255 2001:DB8:ACAD::2 (R1) 1 255 64.100.0.1 (ISP) 0 254 2001:DB8:ACAD::1 (ISP) 1 254

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