bkkcommercialization

What effects would joining a MCO have on your clinic regarding staffing, patient volume, and financial stability?What policies and procedures should be used by the MCOs to reduce costs for their clientele?

You have been recruited as an expert in health economics to recommend what is the best therapy for a group of patients. In the image below you will find the decision tree showing the probabilities for different health states and outcomes for patients undergoing two possible treatments, No drug therapy and Drug therapy. Based on the expected cost, which therapy would you recommend as the least expensive? Explain how you arrived at your recommendation and show your calculations the space provided. No drug theraphy ? Drug theraphy ? HEALTH STATES PROBABILITIES Remain in Good Health 0.5 Develop disease A 0.2 Develop disease B 0.2 Die 0.1 Remain in Good Health 0.53 Develop disease A 0.16 Develop disease B 0.22 Die 0.09 OUTCOMES (Costs) $0 $400 $300 $200 SO $800 $500 $0

Explain how the Orphan Drug Act would affect drug development. are there any tradeoffs from the act?

In some countries, such as Canada and UK, direct-to-consumer (DTC) advertising for pharmaceutical products is illegal or tightly controlled. Which of the following is NOT a reason why DTC is tightly controlled? DTC have the potential to drive up spending on drugs and exacerbate moral hazard. DTC makes patients aware of new remedies. DTC can put a strain on doctor-patient relationship when patients demand some drugs that are not necessary or not the best options. Asymmetric information: consumers are not in a good position to determine if a drug is what they need.

Demand studies in health care have provided estimates of both income and price elasticity. Estimates of income elasticity are usually above +1.0. Estimates of price elasticity typically range between -0.1 and -.75 (with hospital services at the lower end and elective services at the upper end).     What information do these estimates convey?   What does the price elasticity of demand estimates imply for government policymakers, insurance companies, and medical providers' decisions?   What does the income elasticity of demand estimates imply for government policymakers, insurance companies, and medical providers' decisions?

13 2013200 P0004 Suppose that a new drug (A) has been approved to treat a life-threatening disease. The demand for that drug is shown on the accompanying graph by demand curve A Prior to approval of this drug, the only treatment for this condition was any one of several nonprescription, or over the counter, pain relievers. The demand for one brand of the several nonprescription pain relievers is also shown on the graph as demand curve B. Price 75 70 65 % 100 200 300 400 500 Quarsity At a price of $15 (the price at which the two demand curves intersect), the price elasticity of demand for the new drug is for the over-the-counter pain rellever the price elasticity of demand

Explain how the Orphan Drug Act would affect drug development. Can you think of any TRADEOFFS from the act?

describe Diagnostic Research Design

In some countries, such as Canada and UK, direct-to-consumer (DTC) advertising for pharmaceutical products is illegal or tightly controlled. Which of the following is NOT a reason why DTC is tightly controlled?   Question 7 options:   Asymmetric information: consumers are not in a good position to determine if a drug is what they need.   DTC makes patients aware of new remedies.   DTC can put a strain on doctor-patient relationship when patients demand some drugs that are not necessary or not the best options.   DTC have the potential to drive up spending on drugs and exacerbate moral hazard.

Price controls decrease the innovation rate for drugs but make existing drugs more affordable. True False

The Orphan Drug Act of 1983 provides tax incentives, patent protection, and research subsidies to firms for drugs, vaccines, and diagnostic agents if they are intended to treat a disease that affects less than 200,000 citizens. Explain how the Orphan Drug Act would affect drug development. Can you think of any tradeoffs from the act?

discuss some of the benefits and risks of new Health promoters basing their professional identities on established norms within this profession.

Frustration over US pharmaceutical pricing has led researchers to develop frameworks for evaluation that can be used by any purchaser or patient making complex drug choices. One of the most prominent, the Institute for Clinical and Economic Review, uses clinical trial data and compares value -- per quality adjusted life year (QALY) -- under actual market pricing and other possible references prices for specific drugs. Do you think $/QALY is an appropriate metric for evaluating the value of new drugs?

Considering Healthcare price elasticity, would it be a good idea to implement a price increase on medical products?

explain what implications physician-induced demand has for healthcare policy

Consider two treatments. Treatment 1 saves one year of life at a cost of $10,000. Treatment 2 saves ten years of life at a cost of $1,000,000. Which treatment is more cost-effective? Why?

What are some ways drug use has changed from early times to modern times ?  What are some predictors of increased or decreased drug use in society ?

How does its structure, conduct, and performance of the pharmaceutical industry impact patients?

True or false and explain State policies that mandated the release of physician report cards were greatly beneficial to consumers by allowing them to more efficiently search for high quality surgeons.

Comment on the elasticity of demand for medicine

What factors cause Physician Induced Demand, and how do you diagnose it?

How can healthcare systems address the inelastic demand for emergency care to prevent unchecked and exorbitant pricing for patients?

what is the relationship between the financial well-being of the industry and availability of healthcare, in consideration of market and demand theories?