W10 Complex Instrument Excerise

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Apr 3, 2024

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Example 1 – Purchased call option We purchase a call option contract on January 2, 2020 from Baird Investment Corporation. The option gives us the right to purchase 1000 shares of Laredo Corporation at $100/share and it expires on April 30, 2020. We pay a premium of $400 for the right to buy the shares at this fixed price. At the time of the transaction Laredo’s shares are trading at $100. Why is this a derivative? What is the underlying? What is the value of this option on January 2, 2020? Solution: Why is this a derivative? 1. Its value responds to an underlying instrument’s value: the shares 2. The initial investment is low (the value of the underlying instrument involved is about $100,000, but the option is only $400) 3. It will settle at a future date What is the underlying? Shares of Laredo Corporation What is the value of this option on January 2, 2020? $400. Option Premium = Intrinsic value (market price – Strike Price) + Time Value Journal Entry for the company: Derivatives – Financial Assets/Liabilities 400 Cash 400 On March 31, 2020, the price of Laredo shares is $120/share. The option is trading at 20,100 The value of the option increased. The Journal entry is Derivatives – Financial Assets/Liabilities 19,700 Gain/Loss on Derivatives 19,700 (20,100-400) =19,700
On April 1, we settle the option is cash (net settlement) rather than taking delivery. The share price is still $120 on April 1. The difference between the market value and the value based on strike price is (120-100) *1000=20,000 Close the accounts related to the option to record the settlement Cash 20,000 Gain/Loss on derivatives 100 Derivatives – Financial assets/liabilities 20,100 Effect of call option on net income March 31, 2020 Increase in value of option $19,700 April 1, 2020 Settle call option (100) Total net income $19,600* April 1, 2020: Gross settlement of option Buy the shares Recognize the investment, close the derivatives balance FV-NI Investment 120,000 Gain/Loss on derivatives 100 Derivatives – Financial assets/liabilities 20,100 Cash 100,000
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