FIN550- Cost of Capital discussion
docx
School
Southern New Hampshire University *
*We aren’t endorsed by this school
Course
550
Subject
Finance
Date
Jan 9, 2024
Type
docx
Pages
2
Uploaded by SargentSandpiperMaster672
UPS / Integrated Freight & Logistics
For this discussion board, I have selected UPS. United Parcel Service, Inc., is a package delivery company that provides transportation, delivery, distribution, contract logistics, ocean freight, airfreight, customs brokerage, and insurance services. It operates through two segments, U.S. Domestic Package, and International Package. Their total revenue in 2022 was $100.3 billion.
The weighted average cost of capital (WACC) is the rate that a company is expected to pay on average to
all its security holders to finance its assets, it is also commonly referred to as the firm's cost of capital. A company's assets are financed by debt and equity. WACC is the average of the costs of these sources of financing, each of which is weighed by its respective use in the given situation. By taking a weighted average, we can see how much interest the company must pay for every dollar it finances. Gurufocus uses the following WACC formula and information to calculate WACC for UPS. WACC = E / (E + D) * Cost of Equity + D / (E + D) * Cost of Debt * (1 – Tax Rate)
UPS’s Market Cap (E) = $131,431.482 million The total book value of debt (D) = $24,524.5 million Weight of equity = E / (E+D) = 0.8427
Weight of debt = D / (E + D) = 0.1573
Cost of Equity = Risk-Free Rate of Return + Beta of Asset * (Expected Return of the Market - Risk-Free Rate of Return)
The current risk-free rate is 4.93900000% UPS’s beta is 1.17.
GuruFocus requires market premium to be 6%
Cost of Equity = 4.93900000% + 1.17 * 6% = 11.959%
GuruFocus used last fiscal year end Interest Expense divided by the latest two-year average debt to get the simplified cost of debt.
As of Dec. 2022, United Parcel Service's interest expense (positive number) was $704 Mil. Its total Book Value of Debt (D) is $24524.5 Mil.
Cost of Debt = 704 / 24524.5 = 2.8706%.
The latest Two-year Average Tax Rate is 22.215%.
WACC
=
E / (E + D)
*
Cost of Equity
+
D / (E + D)
*
Cost of Debt
*
(1 - Tax Rate)
=
0.8427
*
11.959%
+
0.1573
*
2.8706%
*
(1 - 22.215%)
=
10.43%
UPS’s WACC is 10.43 % and its ROIC % is 16.77%. United Parcel Service generates higher returns on investment than it costs the company to raise the capital needed for that investment. It is earning excess returns. A firm that expects to continue generating positive excess returns on new investments in the future will see its value increase as growth increases.
According to the UPS official site, some of the
risks that the company and industry are facing in the current economic and political environment
are mainly due to the conflicts in Ukraine and Israel, as well as the increase in interest rates. Many airlines around the world have reported delays or cancellations of flights into Israel as the ongoing conflict continues. Flight cancellations have an impact on the day-to-day operations for UPS, impacting cash flow and therefore impacting WACC. As a result of the conflict in the Middle East Oil prices have seen an initial 4% increase and are expected to increase more. When oil prices rise, the cost of fuel increases, which then leads to higher operating expenses. This, in turn, impacts UPS's profitability and cash flow. If the increase in fuel costs is significant, it can increase the perceived risk of investing in UPS, potentially leading to a
higher required rate of return by investors and an increase in the cost of equity in the WACC calculation. Another significant event for UPS in 2023 was ratifying a new five-year contract with the Teamsters union, closing the door on a potential strike that could have put timely Christmas deliveries in doubt and sent shipping costs soaring. “Due to the new agreement, UPS cut its full-year revenue and profitability targets, citing higher-than-expected labor costs and business lost during the
tumultuous contract talks with the Teamsters.”
(Baertlein & C, 2023)
References:
UPS (United Parcel Service) WACC %. (2023). https://www.gurufocus.com/term/wacc/UPS/WACC-
Percentage/UPS#:~:text=As%20of%20today%20(2023%2D10,capital%20needed%20for%20that
%20investment
.
Freight market update | October 12, 2023 | UPS supply chain solutions ... (2023). https://www.ups.com/us/en/supplychain/resources/news-and-market-updates/market-
update-october-12-2023.page
Baertlein, L., & C, P. (2023, August 23). Ups Teamsters ratify contract, eliminating US Strike Risk
. Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/markets/us/us-economy-holds-its-breath-ahead-
ups-teamsters-contract-vote-2023-08-22/
Your preview ends here
Eager to read complete document? Join bartleby learn and gain access to the full version
- Access to all documents
- Unlimited textbook solutions
- 24/7 expert homework help
Related Documents
Related Questions
Please help
arrow_forward
Need help with this question
arrow_forward
. (Estimating the WACC from the asset structure) Dhillon Industries has three major invest- ments, which are given here. What should be the firm’s WACC?
INVESTMENT
MARKET VALUE REQUIRED RETURN
Storage sheds $35 million 12%
Ice rinks $15 million 17%
Office furniture sales $50 million 15%
arrow_forward
Please help with this I’m stuck
arrow_forward
Blue Devil Corp. has two sources of funds: long-term debt and equity capital. The company has profit centers in the following regions with the following net incomes and total assets:
Net Income
Assets
North America
$800,000
$10,000,000
Asia
1,170,000
12,000,000
Europe
680,000
8,000,000
Required:
a. Calculate ROI for each profit center, and identify which region has the best performance. Round your answer to two decimal places.
b. Calculate the residual income for each profit center based on a desired ROI of 8.5%, and identify which region’s performance is below the company’s expectation.
arrow_forward
FedEx Corporation and United Parcel Service, Inc. compete in the package delivery business.
The major fixed assets for each business include aircraft, sorting and handling facili-
ties, delivery vehicles, and information technology. The sales and average book value of
fixed assets reported on recent financial statements for each company were as follows:
FedEx
UPS
Sales (in millions)
$47,453
$58,363
Average book value of fixed assets (in millions)
20,213
18,317
a. Compute the fixed asset turnover ratio for each company. Round to one decimal place.
b. Which company appears more efficient in using fixed assets?
Interpret the meaning of the ratio for the more efficient company.
C.
arrow_forward
Shaq Company operates with three segments: Louisiana, Orlando, and Los Angeles.Data regarding these segments is as follows:
LouisianaSegment
OrlandoSegment
Los AngelesSegment
Contribution to indirect expenses
$328,500
$207,600
$155,500
Assets directly used & identified with segment
$1,858,700
$1,410,000
$742,600
1. Calculate the return on investment for each segment. Rank them from highest to lowest. Round percent to 1 decimal place.
LouisianaSegment
OrlandoSegment
Los AngelesSegment
Segment Net Income
Investment base (assets)
ROI (%)
Rankings (1,2, or 3, where 1 is the best)
2. Assume the cost of capital is 14% for a segment. Calculate residual income for each segment. Rank them from highest to lowest. Round percent to 1 decimal place.
LouisianaSegment
OrlandoSegment
Los AngelesSegment
Segment Net Income
Investment base (assets)
Cost of Capital (%)
Minimum Income
Residual Income…
arrow_forward
7. Responsibility Accounting:
a. What is a cost center? Give an example of a cost center
b. What is a Profit center? Give an example of a profit center
c. What is an investment center? Give an example of an investment center
d. What is management by exception:
e. The Hydride Division of Murdoch Corporation is an investment center. It has $1,000,000 of
operating assets. During 2022, the Hydride Division earned operating income of $400,000 on
$5,000,000 of sales. Murdoch's companywide return on investment or desired rate of return is
approximately 20% SHOW WORK FOR CREDIT!
1. What is the ROI?
2. What is the margin?
3. What is the turnover?
4. What is the residual income?
arrow_forward
Use after-tax operating income and the individual cost of capital of each division to calculate residual income and compare.
arrow_forward
Need help with this financial accounting question
arrow_forward
Kashmiri's Cost of Capital. Kashmiri is the largest and most successful specialty goods company based in Bangalore, India. It has not yet entered the North American marketplace, but is
considering establishing both manufacturing and distribution facilities in the United States through a wholly owned subsidiary. It has approached two different investment banking advisors,
Goldman Sachs and Bank of New York, for estimates of what its costs of capital would be several years into the future when it planned to list its American subsidiary on a U.S. stock exchange.
Using the assumptions by the two different advisors in the popup window, E, calculate the prospective costs of debt, equity, and the WACC for Kashmiri (U.S.).
What is the after-tax cost of debt estimated by Goldman Sachs for Kashmiri?
6.24% (Round to two decimal places.)
Data table
(Click on the following icon in order to copy its contents into a spreadsheet.)
Assumptions
Symbol
Goldman
Sachs
Bank of
New York
0.86
0.36
Estimate of…
arrow_forward
Blossom and Telecommunications Corporation has three divisions. The names of these divisions, along with the after-tax cost ofcapital for each division and the market value of the assets in each division, are as follows:Division NameCost of CapitalMV of AssetsInfrastructure development6.45$185,000,000Power5.50$241,000,000Telecommunications6.10$500,000,000EvWhat is the overall after-tax cost of capital for Blossom and Telecommunications? (Round answer to 2 decimal places, e.g. 52.75%.)After-tax cost of capital
arrow_forward
am. 124.
arrow_forward
As consultants in advisory services, we are hired by Sayko Corp to help analyze its regional operations in the contiguous U.S. Sayko wishes to draw on our expertise in financial statement analysis to help identify further expansion of operations.
Please complete the following with the information on the map (image).
1. Compute profit margin for each region.3. Compute return on total assets for each region.
arrow_forward
PLS HELP ASAP thank u in advance. need help with all requirements A-D.
arrow_forward
Suppose a company like Target Distribution Centers is looking at 3 mutually exclusive alternatives for locations to build their new Distribution Center.Scenario 1 is a DC in Akron. CAPEX Cost $18 million, project NPV $3.8 millionScenario 2 is a DC in Canton. CAPEX is $14.2 million, project NPV is $2.8 millionScenario 3 is a DC in Warren, CAPEX is $11.8 million, project NPV is $3.3 millionWhat would be your recommendation?
Group of answer choices
a. Scenario 2
b. Scenario 3
c. None of the above
d. All of the above
e. Scenario 1
arrow_forward
All parts are under one question, per your policy all parts can be answered.
3. Analysis of an expansion project
Companies invest in expansion projects with the expectation of increasing the earnings of its business.
Consider the case of Yeatman Co.:
Yeatman Co. is considering an investment that will have the following sales, variable costs, and fixed operating costs:
Year 1
Year 2
Year 3
Year 4
Unit sales
3,000
3,250
3,300
3,400
Sales price
$17.25
$17.33
$17.45
$18.24
Variable cost per unit
$8.88
$8.92
$9.03
$9.06
Fixed operating costs
$12,500
$13,000
$13,220
$13,250
This project will require an investment of $15,000 in new equipment. Under the new tax law, the equipment is eligible for 100% bonus deprecation at t = 0, so it will be fully depreciated at the time of purchase. The equipment will have no salvage value at the end of the project’s four-year life. Yeatman pays a constant tax rate of 25%, and it has a weighted average cost of…
arrow_forward
Assume that Google invests $2.42 billion in capital expenditures, including $1.08 billion related to manufacturing capacity. Assume that these projects have a seven-year life and that management requires a 15% internal rate of return on those projects. (PV of $1, FV of $1, PVA of $1, and FVA of $1) (Use appropriate factor(s) from the tables provided.)Required1. What is the amount of annual cash flows that Google must earn from those expenditures to achieve a 15% internal rate of return? (Hint: Identify the seven-period, 15% factor from the present value of an annuity table and then divide $1.08 billion by the factor to get the annual cash flows required.)2. Refer to the financial statements in Appendix A. Identify the amount that Google invested in capital assets for the year ended December 31, 2017.3. Did Google or Apple invest more in capital assets for 2017?
What is the amount of annual cash flows that Google must earn from those expenditures to achieve a 15% internal rate of…
arrow_forward
I need assistance on Identifying each of the following as either capital budgeting (investment) or financing decisions and an explanation on why?
Intel decides to spend $1 billion to develop a new microprocessor.
Volkswagen borrows 350 million euros from Deutsche Bank.
Royal Dutch Shell constructs a pipeline to bring natural gas onshore from a production platform in Australia.
Avon spends 200 million euros to launch a new range of cosmetics in European markets.
Pfizer issues new shares to buy a small biotech company.
arrow_forward
SA Construction Limited currently operates in Trinidad. The company is considering setting up another location in either Barbados or Jamaica. The Projected Income Statement for 2023 is as follows:USDIncomeSales 90,000Interest Income 2,500Dividend Income 6,000Other Income (exempt) 2,000ExpensesDepreciation 20,000Interest Expenses (1) 7,000 Repairs & Maintenance 1,500Legal & professional fees (2) 8,000Salaries 30,000 Bad debts (3) 3,000Other Expenses (4) 20,000 Taxation 2,250Notes1. All Interest was paid. There was no accrued interest at year end.2. Professional fees consist of:• Audit and accountancy fees $3,600• Legal fees re collection of bad debts $2,000• Cost of setting up business in the selected location $900• Architect’s fee for designing a warehouse that has not yet been constructed $1,5003. The Bad Debts expense represents a debt which was outstanding for 270 days.4. Other expenses include $1,000 for expenses paid on behalf of another company owned by SA Construction…
arrow_forward
please solve this question general accounting
arrow_forward
(Question 3)
Finder Health Corp is one of the biggest companies in the United States with the
market capital $69.2 billion. It also operated in Singapore and United Kingdom.
Below are the details of the transactions for Finder Health Corp throughout the year:
i. The total sales produced for each countries is 900,000 units. United
States produce 500 000 units with USD25 per unit, 200000 units is from
Singapore at SGD18 and the remaining balance is from United Kingdom at
GBP30 per unit.
ii. In order to reduce the cost of production, Finder Health Corp import the
cost of material which imported from United Kingdom is 400000 unit at GBP15
per unit. The balance was incurred in Singapore where the cost of material is
SGD15 per unit.
iii. Fixed costs is USD 950000 and variable operating expenses represent
approximately 10 percent of each from United States and only United Kingdom
which out of their sales.
iv. Interest expense is estimated at SGD 75000 on Singapore loans only.
v. The exchange…
arrow_forward
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
Recommended textbooks for you

Survey of Accounting (Accounting I)
Accounting
ISBN:9781305961883
Author:Carl Warren
Publisher:Cengage Learning

EBK CONTEMPORARY FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT
Finance
ISBN:9781337514835
Author:MOYER
Publisher:CENGAGE LEARNING - CONSIGNMENT
Related Questions
- Please helparrow_forwardNeed help with this questionarrow_forward. (Estimating the WACC from the asset structure) Dhillon Industries has three major invest- ments, which are given here. What should be the firm’s WACC? INVESTMENT MARKET VALUE REQUIRED RETURN Storage sheds $35 million 12% Ice rinks $15 million 17% Office furniture sales $50 million 15%arrow_forward
- Please help with this I’m stuckarrow_forwardBlue Devil Corp. has two sources of funds: long-term debt and equity capital. The company has profit centers in the following regions with the following net incomes and total assets: Net Income Assets North America $800,000 $10,000,000 Asia 1,170,000 12,000,000 Europe 680,000 8,000,000 Required: a. Calculate ROI for each profit center, and identify which region has the best performance. Round your answer to two decimal places. b. Calculate the residual income for each profit center based on a desired ROI of 8.5%, and identify which region’s performance is below the company’s expectation.arrow_forwardFedEx Corporation and United Parcel Service, Inc. compete in the package delivery business. The major fixed assets for each business include aircraft, sorting and handling facili- ties, delivery vehicles, and information technology. The sales and average book value of fixed assets reported on recent financial statements for each company were as follows: FedEx UPS Sales (in millions) $47,453 $58,363 Average book value of fixed assets (in millions) 20,213 18,317 a. Compute the fixed asset turnover ratio for each company. Round to one decimal place. b. Which company appears more efficient in using fixed assets? Interpret the meaning of the ratio for the more efficient company. C.arrow_forward
- Shaq Company operates with three segments: Louisiana, Orlando, and Los Angeles.Data regarding these segments is as follows: LouisianaSegment OrlandoSegment Los AngelesSegment Contribution to indirect expenses $328,500 $207,600 $155,500 Assets directly used & identified with segment $1,858,700 $1,410,000 $742,600 1. Calculate the return on investment for each segment. Rank them from highest to lowest. Round percent to 1 decimal place. LouisianaSegment OrlandoSegment Los AngelesSegment Segment Net Income Investment base (assets) ROI (%) Rankings (1,2, or 3, where 1 is the best) 2. Assume the cost of capital is 14% for a segment. Calculate residual income for each segment. Rank them from highest to lowest. Round percent to 1 decimal place. LouisianaSegment OrlandoSegment Los AngelesSegment Segment Net Income Investment base (assets) Cost of Capital (%) Minimum Income Residual Income…arrow_forward7. Responsibility Accounting: a. What is a cost center? Give an example of a cost center b. What is a Profit center? Give an example of a profit center c. What is an investment center? Give an example of an investment center d. What is management by exception: e. The Hydride Division of Murdoch Corporation is an investment center. It has $1,000,000 of operating assets. During 2022, the Hydride Division earned operating income of $400,000 on $5,000,000 of sales. Murdoch's companywide return on investment or desired rate of return is approximately 20% SHOW WORK FOR CREDIT! 1. What is the ROI? 2. What is the margin? 3. What is the turnover? 4. What is the residual income?arrow_forwardUse after-tax operating income and the individual cost of capital of each division to calculate residual income and compare.arrow_forward
- Need help with this financial accounting questionarrow_forwardKashmiri's Cost of Capital. Kashmiri is the largest and most successful specialty goods company based in Bangalore, India. It has not yet entered the North American marketplace, but is considering establishing both manufacturing and distribution facilities in the United States through a wholly owned subsidiary. It has approached two different investment banking advisors, Goldman Sachs and Bank of New York, for estimates of what its costs of capital would be several years into the future when it planned to list its American subsidiary on a U.S. stock exchange. Using the assumptions by the two different advisors in the popup window, E, calculate the prospective costs of debt, equity, and the WACC for Kashmiri (U.S.). What is the after-tax cost of debt estimated by Goldman Sachs for Kashmiri? 6.24% (Round to two decimal places.) Data table (Click on the following icon in order to copy its contents into a spreadsheet.) Assumptions Symbol Goldman Sachs Bank of New York 0.86 0.36 Estimate of…arrow_forwardBlossom and Telecommunications Corporation has three divisions. The names of these divisions, along with the after-tax cost ofcapital for each division and the market value of the assets in each division, are as follows:Division NameCost of CapitalMV of AssetsInfrastructure development6.45$185,000,000Power5.50$241,000,000Telecommunications6.10$500,000,000EvWhat is the overall after-tax cost of capital for Blossom and Telecommunications? (Round answer to 2 decimal places, e.g. 52.75%.)After-tax cost of capitalarrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Survey of Accounting (Accounting I)AccountingISBN:9781305961883Author:Carl WarrenPublisher:Cengage LearningEBK CONTEMPORARY FINANCIAL MANAGEMENTFinanceISBN:9781337514835Author:MOYERPublisher:CENGAGE LEARNING - CONSIGNMENT

Survey of Accounting (Accounting I)
Accounting
ISBN:9781305961883
Author:Carl Warren
Publisher:Cengage Learning

EBK CONTEMPORARY FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT
Finance
ISBN:9781337514835
Author:MOYER
Publisher:CENGAGE LEARNING - CONSIGNMENT